盾构隧道近接下穿地下大型结构施工影响研究
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摘要
建立了盾构掘进三维有限元模型,针对不同的盾构推进力和同步注浆未及时起到支撑作用的施工工况,采用数值模拟和室内相似模型试验方法进行了盾构隧道近接下穿地下大型结构施工的影响研究。研究结果表明,盾构掘进对地下结构周围土体扰动有限,不会产生隧道整体漂移。抗拔桩对地下结构的支撑作用明显,使得地下结构底板的拉应力和压应力交替出现,从而减小了应力量值。新建隧道和既有隧道衬砌结构受力是安全的,不需进行特殊设计。建议在近接地下结构之前10m处,调整盾构机姿态,放慢掘进速度,并将推进力控制在10000kN以内,以确保施工的安全进行。
A 3D FEM model of the shield driving was established.Under the construction conditions of different shield driving forces and without in-phase grouting,mutual influences of construction of shield tunnels traversing adjacently under existing underground large-scale structures were studied with the numerical simulation and 3D model tests.It was shown that the shield driving exerted a limited effect on the underground structures,the “excursion” of existing tunnel did not occur.The effects of uplift resistant piles on the underground structure were obvious.Tension stress and compression stress of the bottom board in the underground structure occurred alternately,thus the maximum absolute value of stress decreased.Linings of newly-built tunnel and exiting tunnel were safe during the construction and operation,and the special design for linings was not needed.To ensure the safety of construction,it was necessary to use the measurements to adjust the pose of the shield to slow down the driving speed and to control the driving force within 10000 kN,when the shield machine was walking at a distance less than 10 m from the edge of upper underground structures.
A 3D FEM model of the shield driving was established.Under the construction conditions of different shield driving forces and without in-phase grouting,mutual influences of construction of shield tunnels traversing adjacently under existing underground large-scale structures were studied with the numerical simulation and 3D model tests.It was shown that the shield driving exerted a limited effect on the underground structures,the “excursion” of existing tunnel did not occur.The effects of uplift resistant piles on the underground structure were obvious.Tension stress and compression stress of the bottom board in the underground structure occurred alternately,thus the maximum absolute value of stress decreased.Linings of newly-built tunnel and exiting tunnel were safe during the construction and operation,and the special design for linings was not needed.To ensure the safety of construction,it was necessary to use the measurements to adjust the pose of the shield to slow down the driving speed and to control the driving force within 10000 kN,when the shield machine was walking at a distance less than 10 m from the edge of upper underground structures.
引文
[1]日本铁道综合技术研究所.近接既有隧道施工对策指南[M].1996.(Japan Railway Research Institute on General Technology.The guide to construction countermeasures adjacent to existing the tunnel[M].1996.)
[2]YAMAGUCHI I,YAMAZAKI I,KIRITANI Y.Study of groundtunnel interactions of four shield tunnels driven in close proximity,in relation to design and construction of parallel shield tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1998,13(3):289–304.
[3]SOLIMAN E,DUDDECK H,AHRENS H.Two-and three-dimensional analysis of closely spaced double-tube tunnels[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1993,8(1):13–18.
[4]白廷辉,尤旭东,李文勇.盾构超近距离穿越地铁运营隧道的保护技术[J].地下工程与隧道,2000(3):2–6.(BAI Ting-hui,YOU Xu-dong,LI Wen-yong.The protection techniques of the running subway caused by adjacent shield-driven[J].Underground Work and Tunnel,2000(3):2–6.)
[5]张志强,何川.地铁盾构隧道近接桩基的施工力学行为研究[J].铁道学报,2003,25(1):92–95.(ZHANG Zhi-qiang,HE Chuan.Research on mechanics behaviour of a shield tunnel construction in metro adjacent to existing pile foundation[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2003,25(1):92–95.)
[6]李围,何川,等.南京地铁区间隧道盾构法施工关键技术研究-区间盾构隧道下穿玄武湖公路隧道施工研究报告[R].成都:西南交通大学,2002.(LI Wei,HE Chuan,et al.The research report on constructing the sectional shield tunnel traversing under Xuanwuhu highway tunnel-Study on key technology of sectional tunnel constructed with shield method in Nanjing Metro[R].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2002.)
[7]何川.シ-ルドトンネル縱断方向の地震時舉動に関する研究[D].东京:早稻田大学,1999:61–65.(HE Chuan.A study on the seismic behavior in the longitudinal direction of shield tunnels[D].Tokyo:Waseda University,1999:61–65.)
[8]铃木章.シ-ルドトンネルの新技术[M].日本:土木工学社,1995:76–78.(SITSUKI Shou.The new technology of shield tunnels[M].Japan:Civil Engineering Institute Press,1995:76–78.)
[9]孙钧,刘洪洲.交叠隧道盾构法施工土体变形的三维数值模拟[J].同济大学学报,2002,22(4):379–385.(SUN Jun,LIU Hong-zhou.3-D numerical simulation of ground surface settlement under overlapped shield tunneling[J].Chinese Journal of Tongji University,2002,22(4):379–385.)
[10]山崎剛.地盤变状の实態と评価解析手法(その3)[J].トンネルと地下,2003,34(4):366–372.(YAMASAKI Ko.The rule and evaluating solution methods on the stratum deformation[J].Tunnel and Underground,2003,34(4):366–372.)
[2]YAMAGUCHI I,YAMAZAKI I,KIRITANI Y.Study of groundtunnel interactions of four shield tunnels driven in close proximity,in relation to design and construction of parallel shield tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1998,13(3):289–304.
[3]SOLIMAN E,DUDDECK H,AHRENS H.Two-and three-dimensional analysis of closely spaced double-tube tunnels[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1993,8(1):13–18.
[4]白廷辉,尤旭东,李文勇.盾构超近距离穿越地铁运营隧道的保护技术[J].地下工程与隧道,2000(3):2–6.(BAI Ting-hui,YOU Xu-dong,LI Wen-yong.The protection techniques of the running subway caused by adjacent shield-driven[J].Underground Work and Tunnel,2000(3):2–6.)
[5]张志强,何川.地铁盾构隧道近接桩基的施工力学行为研究[J].铁道学报,2003,25(1):92–95.(ZHANG Zhi-qiang,HE Chuan.Research on mechanics behaviour of a shield tunnel construction in metro adjacent to existing pile foundation[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2003,25(1):92–95.)
[6]李围,何川,等.南京地铁区间隧道盾构法施工关键技术研究-区间盾构隧道下穿玄武湖公路隧道施工研究报告[R].成都:西南交通大学,2002.(LI Wei,HE Chuan,et al.The research report on constructing the sectional shield tunnel traversing under Xuanwuhu highway tunnel-Study on key technology of sectional tunnel constructed with shield method in Nanjing Metro[R].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2002.)
[7]何川.シ-ルドトンネル縱断方向の地震時舉動に関する研究[D].东京:早稻田大学,1999:61–65.(HE Chuan.A study on the seismic behavior in the longitudinal direction of shield tunnels[D].Tokyo:Waseda University,1999:61–65.)
[8]铃木章.シ-ルドトンネルの新技术[M].日本:土木工学社,1995:76–78.(SITSUKI Shou.The new technology of shield tunnels[M].Japan:Civil Engineering Institute Press,1995:76–78.)
[9]孙钧,刘洪洲.交叠隧道盾构法施工土体变形的三维数值模拟[J].同济大学学报,2002,22(4):379–385.(SUN Jun,LIU Hong-zhou.3-D numerical simulation of ground surface settlement under overlapped shield tunneling[J].Chinese Journal of Tongji University,2002,22(4):379–385.)
[10]山崎剛.地盤变状の实態と评価解析手法(その3)[J].トンネルと地下,2003,34(4):366–372.(YAMASAKI Ko.The rule and evaluating solution methods on the stratum deformation[J].Tunnel and Underground,2003,34(4):366–372.)
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