考虑土-结构相互作用的车桥系统耦合振动分析
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摘要
列车提速加剧了车桥系统的耦合振动,为此结合天津轻轨工程分析了考虑土-结构相互作用(SSI)效应的车桥系统的耦合振动．分别建立了考虑SSI效应和不考虑SSI效应(即墩底固接)的车桥系统耦合振动的分析模型．在车桥系统模型中,建立了27个自由度的车辆模型;在桥梁模型中采用空间梁单元进行模拟;在考虑SSI效应中, 以弹簧和阻尼器模拟土介质的动力性质,将群桩基础等效简化为弹性地基梁．对天津轻轨工程一座四跨预应力混凝土连续刚构桥的数值仿真分析结果表明,考虑SSI效应,对桥梁结构的横向和扭转角位移响应影响显著,而对桥梁结构的竖向和纵向位移响应影响不大,其中横向位移最大增幅达90％,扭转角最大增幅接近38％．可见,处于地基软弱地区的铁路桥梁,SSI效应会对车桥系统的耦合振动产生不容忽视的影响．
By referring to the construction of Tianjin Light Railway, the coupled vibration of the train-bridge systems is analyzed taking into account the influence of the soil-structure interaction (SSI) . The analytical models of the train-bridge systems including and excluding the SSI are established respectively. A model consisting of 27 degrees of freedom is set up for the train. The spatial beam element is adopted in the simulation for the bridge structure. Each pile-group foundation is equivalently simplified as one single beam by simulating the elastic soil around the foundation with springs and dampers. From the numerical simulation of a 4-span continuous framed bridge in Tianjin Light Railway, the results show that when SSI is considered, the lateral displacement and torsion angle responses are affected significantly, while the vertical and longitudinal displacement responses are only affected slightly. The maximal amplitude of the lateral displacement reaches 90% and the maximal amplitude of torsion angle is close to 38%. A conclusion can be given that the SSI effect on the coupled vibration of the train-bridge systems is significant for the railway bridges located in the soft soil areas.
By referring to the construction of Tianjin Light Railway, the coupled vibration of the train-bridge systems is analyzed taking into account the influence of the soil-structure interaction (SSI) . The analytical models of the train-bridge systems including and excluding the SSI are established respectively. A model consisting of 27 degrees of freedom is set up for the train. The spatial beam element is adopted in the simulation for the bridge structure. Each pile-group foundation is equivalently simplified as one single beam by simulating the elastic soil around the foundation with springs and dampers. From the numerical simulation of a 4-span continuous framed bridge in Tianjin Light Railway, the results show that when SSI is considered, the lateral displacement and torsion angle responses are affected significantly, while the vertical and longitudinal displacement responses are only affected slightly. The maximal amplitude of the lateral displacement reaches 90% and the maximal amplitude of torsion angle is close to 38%. A conclusion can be given that the SSI effect on the coupled vibration of the train-bridge systems is significant for the railway bridges located in the soft soil areas.
引文
[1] 夏禾．车辆与结构动力相互作用[M]．北京:科学出 版社,2002． Xia He. Dynamic Interaction of Train-Structure [M]. Bei- jing:Science Press, 2002 (in Chinese) .
[2] Xia H, Zhang N, DeRoeck G. Dynamic analysis of high speed railway bridges under articulated trains [J]. Computers and Structures ,2003,81:2467-2478.
[3] 李国豪．桥梁结构稳定与振动[M]．北京:中国铁道出版 社,2002． Li Guohao. Stability and Vibration of Bridge Structures [M]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House, 2002 (in Chinese) .
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[10] 李永梅,孙国富,王松涛,等．桩-土-杆系结构的动力相 互作用[J]．建筑结构学报,2002,23(1):75-82． Li Yongmei, Sun Guofu, Wang Songtao,et al. Dynamic interaction of pile-soil-frame structure [J]. Journal of Building Structures,2002,23(1):75-82(in Chinese).
[11] Yazdchi M, Khalili N, Valliappan S. Dynamic soil-structure interaction analysis via coupled finite element-boundary element method [J] . Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 1999,18(7):499-517.
[12] Rizos D C, Wang Z. Coupled BEM-FEM solutions for direct time domain soil-structure interaction analysis [J]. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 2002,26 (10) : 877-888.
[13] 张弥,夏禾,冯爱军．轻轨列车和高架桥梁系统的动 力响应分析[J]．北方交通大学学报,1994,18(1):1-8． Zhang Mi, Xia He, Feng Aijun. Dynamic response analysis of the system of light-railway train and elevated bridge [J]. Journal of Northern Jiaotong University,1994,18(1): 1-8(in Chinese).
[14] 单德山,李乔．车桥耦合振动数值模拟及软件实现 [J]．西南交通大学学报,1999,34(6):664-668． Shan Deshan, Li Qiao. Numerical simulation of the bridgevehicles coupled vibration and its software package [J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 1999, 34 (6): 664-668(in Chinese).
[15]李小珍,蔡婧,强士中．芜湖长江大桥斜拉桥的车桥 耦合振动分析[J]．铁道学报,2001,23(2):70-75． Li Xiaozhen, Cai Jing, Qiang Shizhong. Coupled vibration analysis of main span on Wuhu Yangtze River Bridge [J]. Journal of the China Railway Society ,2001,23(2):70-75 (in Chinese).
[2] Xia H, Zhang N, DeRoeck G. Dynamic analysis of high speed railway bridges under articulated trains [J]. Computers and Structures ,2003,81:2467-2478.
[3] 李国豪．桥梁结构稳定与振动[M]．北京:中国铁道出版 社,2002． Li Guohao. Stability and Vibration of Bridge Structures [M]. Beijing:China Railway Publishing House, 2002 (in Chinese) .
[4] 范立础．桥梁抗震[M]．上海:同济大学出版社,1996． Fan Lichu. Seismic Design of Highway Bridge [M]. Shanghai:Tongji University Press, 1996( in Chinese).
[5] 曾庆元,郭向荣．列车桥梁时变系统振动分析理论与应 用[M]．北京:中国铁道出版社,1999． Zeng Qingyuan, Guo Xiangrong. Theory and Application of Vibration Analysis for Time-Dependent Structures of TrainBridge [M]. Beijing: China Railway Publishing House, 1999(in Chinese).
[6] Wu Y S, Yang Y B. Steady-state response and riding comfort of trains moving over a series of simply supported bridges [J]. Engineering Structures ,2003,25 (2):255-265.
[7] 肖晓春,迟世春,林皋,等．地震荷载下桩土相互作用 简化计算方法及参数分析[J]．大连理工大学学报, 2002,42(6):719-723． Xiao Xiaochun, Chi Shichun, Lin Gao, et al. Simplified method and parametric analysis for pile-soil dynamic interaction under seismic loading [J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology, 2002,42(6):719-723(in Chinese).
[8] 陈波,吕西林,李培振,等．均匀土-桩基-结构相互作用 体系的计算分析[J]．地震工程与工程振动,2002,22 (3):91-98． Chen Bo, Lu Xilin,Li Peizhen,et al. Computational analysis of dynamic homogeneous soil-pile-structure interaction [J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2002,22 (3):91-98(in Chinese).
[9]孙剑平,朱希．桩基础桥梁的土-结构动力相互作用 [J]．铁道学报,2001,23(2):44-51． Sun Jianping, Zhu Xi.Seismic response for pile-foundation bridge considering soil-structure dynamic interaction [J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2001,23(2):44-51 (in Chinese).
[10] 李永梅,孙国富,王松涛,等．桩-土-杆系结构的动力相 互作用[J]．建筑结构学报,2002,23(1):75-82． Li Yongmei, Sun Guofu, Wang Songtao,et al. Dynamic interaction of pile-soil-frame structure [J]. Journal of Building Structures,2002,23(1):75-82(in Chinese).
[11] Yazdchi M, Khalili N, Valliappan S. Dynamic soil-structure interaction analysis via coupled finite element-boundary element method [J] . Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 1999,18(7):499-517.
[12] Rizos D C, Wang Z. Coupled BEM-FEM solutions for direct time domain soil-structure interaction analysis [J]. Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 2002,26 (10) : 877-888.
[13] 张弥,夏禾,冯爱军．轻轨列车和高架桥梁系统的动 力响应分析[J]．北方交通大学学报,1994,18(1):1-8． Zhang Mi, Xia He, Feng Aijun. Dynamic response analysis of the system of light-railway train and elevated bridge [J]. Journal of Northern Jiaotong University,1994,18(1): 1-8(in Chinese).
[14] 单德山,李乔．车桥耦合振动数值模拟及软件实现 [J]．西南交通大学学报,1999,34(6):664-668． Shan Deshan, Li Qiao. Numerical simulation of the bridgevehicles coupled vibration and its software package [J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 1999, 34 (6): 664-668(in Chinese).
[15]李小珍,蔡婧,强士中．芜湖长江大桥斜拉桥的车桥 耦合振动分析[J]．铁道学报,2001,23(2):70-75． Li Xiaozhen, Cai Jing, Qiang Shizhong. Coupled vibration analysis of main span on Wuhu Yangtze River Bridge [J]. Journal of the China Railway Society ,2001,23(2):70-75 (in Chinese).
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