等速型砂泥岩区自然伽马反演可信度探讨:以YQ2井三维地震区为例
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摘要
工区目的层的岩性主要为低速煤层、高速灰岩和等速砂泥岩,地震资料中波阻抗和强振幅主要反映了低速煤层和高速灰岩,由于砂泥岩为等速,所以利用速度反演和波阻抗不能有效解决该类型砂岩储层的识别问题。通过孔隙度反演和有争议的自然伽马反演探讨了砂岩厚度和有利储层预测的可信度。3种反演的结果对比表明,在砂泥岩等速和存在煤层、灰岩等异常速度岩性的干扰下,波阻抗反演的砂岩厚度与实钻砂岩厚度吻合率最低,自然伽马反演吻合率最高,孔隙度反演吻合率居中。本次研究还将自然伽马反演的砂岩厚度图与人工手绘以及计算机克里金内插法所得的砂岩厚度图进行了对比,自然伽马反演与钻井的吻合率要高于人工手绘和克里金内插法结果,并且自然伽马反演砂岩厚度图的砂体展布形态和物源方向明显且唯一。
The principal rocks in the study area are mainly composed of low-velocity coal layer,high-velocity carbonates and iso-velocity sandstone and shale layers.Seismic acoustic impedance and high amplitude are caused by low-velocity coal and high-velocity carbonate layers.Since sandstone shares the same feature as shale in velocity in this area,it is not effective to utilize acoustic impedance and velocity inversion techniques to identify the sandstone reservoir.This study covers the reliability of predicting sandstone thickness and favorable reservoir based on porosity inversion and Gamma-Ray log inversion.In comparison with three inversion methods above,the results show that Gamma-Ray log inversion matches the field data well and porosity inversion moderately.In contrast,the worst performance is found by acoustic impedance inversion and drilling sandstone thickness.This research also compares the sandstone contour maps drawing by Gamma-Ray log inversion,manually depicting and Kriging interpolation methods,respectively.Similarly,the Gamma-Ray log inversion method presents a better answer than the other two.Also,iso-thickness of sandstone derived from Gamma-Ray log inversion technique exhibits an identical distributed pattern with source direction.
The principal rocks in the study area are mainly composed of low-velocity coal layer,high-velocity carbonates and iso-velocity sandstone and shale layers.Seismic acoustic impedance and high amplitude are caused by low-velocity coal and high-velocity carbonate layers.Since sandstone shares the same feature as shale in velocity in this area,it is not effective to utilize acoustic impedance and velocity inversion techniques to identify the sandstone reservoir.This study covers the reliability of predicting sandstone thickness and favorable reservoir based on porosity inversion and Gamma-Ray log inversion.In comparison with three inversion methods above,the results show that Gamma-Ray log inversion matches the field data well and porosity inversion moderately.In contrast,the worst performance is found by acoustic impedance inversion and drilling sandstone thickness.This research also compares the sandstone contour maps drawing by Gamma-Ray log inversion,manually depicting and Kriging interpolation methods,respectively.Similarly,the Gamma-Ray log inversion method presents a better answer than the other two.Also,iso-thickness of sandstone derived from Gamma-Ray log inversion technique exhibits an identical distributed pattern with source direction.
引文
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[14]张亚敏,张书法,钱利.地震资料反演砂岩孔隙度方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):136-140.
[15]沈才余.影响测井约束地震反演地质效果因素的分析[J].物探与化探,2003,27(2):123-128.
[16]廖曦,马波,沈浩.应用Jason软件进行砂体及含气性预测[J].天然气勘探与开发,2002,5(3):34-42.
[17]徐俊彦,段新华.波阻抗特征分析技术在储层厚度预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2001,21(增刊):79-82.
[18]石兰亭,郑荣才.提高地震反演中测井建模精度的方法与应用:自然伽马反演模型建模方法[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(5):68-72.
[19]Lang Chaoyi.Kriging interpolation:Technical report[M].Ithaca:Cornell University,1998.
[20]Thomas H M.The discontinuous nature of Kriging interpola-tion for digital terrain modeling[J].Cartography and Geo-graphic Information Science,2004,33(4):209-216.
[2]Brown A R.Seismic attributes and their classification[J].TheLeading Edge,1996,15(10):327-333.
[3]王天琦,施泽进,刘全新.江汉油田储层地震反演结果解释中的几个关键问题[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(3):61-66.
[4]Castagna J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectralanalysis detection of low-frequency shadows associated withhydrocarbons[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(2):120-127.
[5]杨林.地震频谱分解技术中有关问题的讨论[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):405-409.
[6]Stephen J,Hill G.Inversion-based thickness determination[J].The Leading Edge,2005,24(5):477-480.
[7]Yang Cheng,Dai Jianquan,Li Congjun.The application of In-verMod inversion to the prediction of gas-bearing sandstone inthe Xinchang gas field,Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Cheng-du Institute of Technology,1999,26(2):149-153.
[8]文钢锋,王智.地质模型反演预测隐蔽油气藏[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):94-97.
[9]王长城,李和,徐亮.伽马反演在川东T气田储层预测中的应用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,31(2):12-14.
[10]张永升,李家荣,潘新志.地震和测井联合反演技术在塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(4):46-48.
[11]Chen Q,Steve S.Seismic attribute technology for reservoirforecasting and monitoring[J].The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445-456.
[12]Sagar R,Korakot S.Seismic inversion modeling and attributeanalysis for reservoir characterization[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(9):1483.
[13]吴川,陆光辉.蔡利平.两种地震反演孔隙度预测方法的对比[J].石油物探译丛,2001,23(1):45-53.
[14]张亚敏,张书法,钱利.地震资料反演砂岩孔隙度方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):136-140.
[15]沈才余.影响测井约束地震反演地质效果因素的分析[J].物探与化探,2003,27(2):123-128.
[16]廖曦,马波,沈浩.应用Jason软件进行砂体及含气性预测[J].天然气勘探与开发,2002,5(3):34-42.
[17]徐俊彦,段新华.波阻抗特征分析技术在储层厚度预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2001,21(增刊):79-82.
[18]石兰亭,郑荣才.提高地震反演中测井建模精度的方法与应用:自然伽马反演模型建模方法[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(5):68-72.
[19]Lang Chaoyi.Kriging interpolation:Technical report[M].Ithaca:Cornell University,1998.
[20]Thomas H M.The discontinuous nature of Kriging interpola-tion for digital terrain modeling[J].Cartography and Geo-graphic Information Science,2004,33(4):209-216.
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