单向流作用下近壁面圆柱的流向振动
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摘要
在单向流水槽中对近壁面圆柱体的流向振动进行了实验模拟。分析了圆柱流向振动位移时程曲线,探讨了圆柱振动频率随水流速度的变化特征。研究了圆柱振动幅值和频率的变化特性,结合圆柱尾迹涡的变化规律,分析了流向振动的起因。实验结果表明:随着流速的增加,圆柱流向振动经历了发生、发展和消失的变化过程,振动频率呈现出缓慢增长的趋势;在流向振动触发初期和后期衰退时,流向振动频率存在多值现象,频谱中呈现多个谱峰;圆柱流向振动所对应的约减速度范围明显小于横向涡激振动所对应的范围。
The streamwise vibration of a cylinder near a plane boundary under the action of unidirectional flow was modelled experimentally in a flume.The time history curve of the cylinder vibration displacement was measured,and the variation of vibration frequency with flow velocity was examined.The characteristic of vibration amplitude and frequency of the cylinder was analyzed.The causes for the occurrence of streamwise vibration were discussed,in correlation with the characteristic of wake vortex.The experimental results indicate that the streamwise vibration experiences an occurrence-evolution-disappearance process with the increasing flow velocity.At the initiation and decay stages of the streamwise vibration,there exist multiple values of vibration frequency,i.e.multiple spectrum peaks appear at the frequency spectrum.The range of reduced velocity(Vr) corresponding to streamwise vibration is much less than that for transverse vibration.
The streamwise vibration of a cylinder near a plane boundary under the action of unidirectional flow was modelled experimentally in a flume.The time history curve of the cylinder vibration displacement was measured,and the variation of vibration frequency with flow velocity was examined.The characteristic of vibration amplitude and frequency of the cylinder was analyzed.The causes for the occurrence of streamwise vibration were discussed,in correlation with the characteristic of wake vortex.The experimental results indicate that the streamwise vibration experiences an occurrence-evolution-disappearance process with the increasing flow velocity.At the initiation and decay stages of the streamwise vibration,there exist multiple values of vibration frequency,i.e.multiple spectrum peaks appear at the frequency spectrum.The range of reduced velocity(Vr) corresponding to streamwise vibration is much less than that for transverse vibration.
引文
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[20]SCHEWE G.On the force fluctuations acting on a circular cylinder in cross-flow from subcritical up to transcritical Reynoldes numbers[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1983,133:265-285.
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[24]SUMER B M,FREDSOE J.Hydrodynamics around cylindrical structrures[M].Singapore:World Scientific,1997.
[25]YANG B,GAO F P,WU Y X.Flow-induced vibrations of a cylinder with two degrees of freedom near rigid plane boundary[J].International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,2008,18(4):302-307.
[26]GAO F P,YANG B,WU Y X,et al.Steady currents induced seabed scour around a vibrating pipeline[J].Applied Ocean Research,2006,28(5):291-298.
[2]ANAND N M.Free span vibrations of submarine pipelines in steady and wave flows[D].Ph.D Thesis,The Norwegian Institute of Technology,Trondheim,Norway,1985.
[3]KHALAK A,WILLIAMSON C H K.Dynamics of a hydroelastic cylinder with very low mass and damping[J].Journal of Fluids and Structures,1996,10:(5)455-472.
[4]KHALAK A,WILLIAMSON C H K.Motions,forces and mode transitions in vortex-induced vibrations at low mass-damping[J].Journal of Fluids and Structures,1999,13(7-8):813-851.
[5]GOVARDHAN R,WILLIAMSON C H K.Modes of vortex formation and frequency response for a freely-vibrating cylinder[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2000,420:85-130.
[6]JAUVTIS N,WILLIAMSON C H K.Vortex-induced vibration of a cylinder with two degrees of freedom[J].Journal of Fluids and Structures,2003,17(7):1035-1042.
[7]WILLIAMSON C H K,JAUVTIS N.A high-amplitude 2T mode of vortex-induced vibration for a light body in XY motion[J].European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids,2004,23(1):107-114.
[8]孟昭英,杨树耕,王仲捷.水下管道涡激振动的实验研究[J].水利学报,1994(7):43-50.MENG Zhao-ying,YANG Shu-geng,WANG Zhong-jie.An experimental study on vortex-excited vibration of subwater pipeline[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1994(7):43-50.
[9]余建星,罗延生,方华灿.海底管线管跨段涡激振动响应的实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):93-97.YU Jian-xing,LUO Yan-sheng,FANG Hua-can.A test study on dynamic response of submarine pipeline spans[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(4):93-97.
[10]曹丰产,项海帆.圆柱非定常绕流及涡致振动的数值计算[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2001,16(1):111-118.CAO Feng-chan,XIANG Hai-fan.Calculation of unsteady flow around circular cylinder and vortex-induced vibration[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,Ser.A.,2001,16(1):111-118.
[11]娄敏,郭海燕,董文乙.敲击对海洋立管涡激振动抑制作用的试验研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2007,22(4):508-511.LOU Min,GUO Hai-yan,DONG Wen-yi.Suppression of vortex-induced vibration by impact excitation[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,Ser.A,2007,22(4):508-511.
[12]SHA Y,WANG Y X.Vortex Induced Vibrations of Finned Cylinders[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2008,20(2):195-201.
[13]YANG B,GAO F P,JENG D S,et al.Experimental study of vortex-induced vibrations of a cylinder near a rigid plane boundary in steady flow[J].Acta Mechanica Sinica.2009,25(1):51-63.
[14]KING R,PROSSER M J,JOHNS D J.On vortex excitation of model piles in water[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1973,29(2):169-188.
[15]KING R.Vortex-excited structural oscillations of a circular cylinder in steady currents[C].The6th annual offshore technology conference.Houston:Paper No.1948,1974.143-154.
[16]GRIFFIN O M,RAMBERG S E.Vortex shedding from a cylinder vibrating in line with an incident uniform flow[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1976,75:257-271.
[17]OKAJIMA A,NAKAMURA A,KOSUGI T,et al.Flow-induced in-line oscillation of a circular cylinder[J].European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids,2004,23:(1)115-125.
[18]YANG B,GAO F P,LI D H,et al.Physical modeling and parametric study on two-degree-of-freedom VIV of a cylinder near rigid wall[J].China Ocean Engineering,2009,23(1):119-132.
[19]YANG B,GAO F.P,WU Y X.Dimensional analysis and experimental apparatus on interaction between ocean current-Ppipeline and seabed[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics.2006,10(3):130-141.
[20]SCHEWE G.On the force fluctuations acting on a circular cylinder in cross-flow from subcritical up to transcritical Reynoldes numbers[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1983,133:265-285.
[21]TANIGUCHI S,MIYAKOSHI K.Fluctuating fluid forces acting on a circular cylinder and interference with a plane wall[J].Experiments in Fluids,1990,9(1):197-204.
[22]HALLAM M G,HEAT N J,WOOTTON L R.Dynamics of Marine Structures[R].CIRIA Underwater Engineering Group,Report UR8,1977,Atkins Research and Development,London,U.K.
[23]DRESCHER H.Messung der auf querangestromte zylinder ausgeubten zeitlich veranderten drucke[J].Z.f.Flugwiss,1956,4(112):17-21.
[24]SUMER B M,FREDSOE J.Hydrodynamics around cylindrical structrures[M].Singapore:World Scientific,1997.
[25]YANG B,GAO F P,WU Y X.Flow-induced vibrations of a cylinder with two degrees of freedom near rigid plane boundary[J].International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,2008,18(4):302-307.
[26]GAO F P,YANG B,WU Y X,et al.Steady currents induced seabed scour around a vibrating pipeline[J].Applied Ocean Research,2006,28(5):291-298.
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