隧道爆破近区爆破振动测试研究
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摘要
隧道掌子面附近围岩的稳定性对施工人员和隧道自身的安全至关重要,实践证明,由隧道爆破远区振动数据得出的围岩振动规律不适用于爆破近区。因此,测试隧道爆破近区围岩的振动、研究隧道掌子面附近围岩的振动规律是隧道钻爆施工安全的重要保证。以贵阳—广州铁路棋盘山隧道为工程背景,在隧道掌子面后方隧道拱顶5m范围的围岩内安装定制的速度传感器,测试隧道拱顶部位围岩的爆破振动速度;利用隧道中导洞的开挖,在中导洞掌子面正上方和侧面2m范围的围岩内安装定制的速度传感器,测试掌子面正上方和侧面围岩的爆破振动速度;研究隧道掌子面后方隧道拱顶、掌子面正上方和侧面围岩的爆破振动规律。研究成果对隧道钻爆施工具有一定的指导意义。
When a tunnel is constructed by blasting,the stability of surrounding rock near tunnel face is important for safety of builders and tunnel itself. It is testified that the blasting vibration rule obtained from area remote blasting source is not suitable for the area near tunnel blasting source. So it is necessary to test blasting vibration of the surrounding rock near tunnel blasting source and to study the blasting vibration rule. Based on Qipanshan tunnel of Guiyang-Guangzhou railway,the tailor-made blasting vibration sensors are disposed in the arch crown surrounding rock within the range of 5 m to test the blasting vibration velocity. Taking advantage of middle drift excavation,the tailor-made blasting vibration sensors are disposed in upper and side surrounding rocks within the range of 2 m to test blasting vibration velocity. The blasting vibration rules of arch crown and upper and side surrounding rocks behind tunnel face are studied. The study results can provide references for tunnel blasting construction.
When a tunnel is constructed by blasting,the stability of surrounding rock near tunnel face is important for safety of builders and tunnel itself. It is testified that the blasting vibration rule obtained from area remote blasting source is not suitable for the area near tunnel blasting source. So it is necessary to test blasting vibration of the surrounding rock near tunnel blasting source and to study the blasting vibration rule. Based on Qipanshan tunnel of Guiyang-Guangzhou railway,the tailor-made blasting vibration sensors are disposed in the arch crown surrounding rock within the range of 5 m to test the blasting vibration velocity. Taking advantage of middle drift excavation,the tailor-made blasting vibration sensors are disposed in upper and side surrounding rocks within the range of 2 m to test blasting vibration velocity. The blasting vibration rules of arch crown and upper and side surrounding rocks behind tunnel face are studied. The study results can provide references for tunnel blasting construction.
引文
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[5]王明洋,葛涛,戚承志,等.爆炸荷载作用下岩石的变形与破坏研究(I)[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003,23(6):43–54.(WANG Mingyang,GE Tao,QI Chengzhi,et al.Study of deformation and failure of rock under explosion load(part I)[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2003,23(6):43–54.(in Chinese))
[6]朱瑞赓,李铮.爆破地震波作用下岩石隧道的临界振动速度[C]//岩土爆破文集.北京:冶金工业出版社,1985:285–291.(ZHU Ruigeng,LI Zheng.Study on critical velocity of tunnel in blasting construction[C]//Proceedings of Soil and Rock Blasting.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1985:285–291.(in Chinese))
[2]张庆松,李利平,李术才,等.小间距隧道爆破动力特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(10):2655–2660,2666.(ZHANGQingsong,LI Liping,LI Shucai,et al.Experimental study of blasting dynamic vibration of closely adjacent tunnels[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(10):2655–2660,2666.(in Chinese))
[3]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.GB6722–2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China.GB6722–2003Technical Code for blasting safety[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[4]饶增.隧道钻爆施工对初期支护的影响及控制标准的研究[硕士学位论文][D].北京:北京交通大学,2010.(RAO Zeng.Study of impacts and control standard of drilling and blasting method on primary support[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2010.(in Chinese))
[5]王明洋,葛涛,戚承志,等.爆炸荷载作用下岩石的变形与破坏研究(I)[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003,23(6):43–54.(WANG Mingyang,GE Tao,QI Chengzhi,et al.Study of deformation and failure of rock under explosion load(part I)[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2003,23(6):43–54.(in Chinese))
[6]朱瑞赓,李铮.爆破地震波作用下岩石隧道的临界振动速度[C]//岩土爆破文集.北京:冶金工业出版社,1985:285–291.(ZHU Ruigeng,LI Zheng.Study on critical velocity of tunnel in blasting construction[C]//Proceedings of Soil and Rock Blasting.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1985:285–291.(in Chinese))
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