75°倾角逆断层黏滑错动对公路隧道影响的模型试验研究
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摘要
针对公路隧道正交穿越75°倾角逆断层的情况,通过模型试验得到逆断层黏滑错动对公路隧道的影响规律。由试验结果可知:在逆断层黏滑错动影响下,隧道衬砌结构的主要受拉区为下盘距离断层迹线0.3D～1.2D(D为隧道洞径)范围内的隧道衬砌底部,受压区主要在下盘距离断层迹线0.6D～1.6D范围内的隧道衬砌顶部。逆断层黏滑错动引起的围岩压力变化最大发生在隧道底部上盘距离断层迹线1D位置,增幅可达2倍的初始围岩压力。在逆断层黏滑错动影响下,隧道衬砌结构的破坏形式是弯曲张拉和直接剪切组合破坏,其中在断层迹线附近的2条倾角为50°和45°斜裂缝为隧道结构破坏的主控因素。
Based on the project of highway tunnel crossing the thrust fault with dip angle of 75°,through a model experiment,the effect of thrust fault stick-slip dislocation on highway tunnel has been discussed.Experimental results show that under the influence of stick-slip dislocation of thrust fault,the tensile zones of tunnel lining mainly distribute in the range of 0.3D(D is the diameter of tunnel)and 1.2D away from thrust fault trace at the bottom of tunnel in the foot wall,and the compressive zones of tunnel lining mainly distribute in the range of 0.6D and 1.6D away from thrust fault trace at the top of tunnel in the foot wall.The movement of thrust fault changes the state of surrounding rock pressure.The largest surrounding pressure occurs at the bottom of the tunnel 1D away from fault trace in the hanging wall,and can increase to 2 times of initial surrounding rock pressure.The failure mode of tunnel lining caused by stick-slip dislocation of thrust fault is combination of extension breakage with direct-shear breakage.The dominating factors of tunnel damage are diagonal cracks with dip angle about 50°and 45°near the thrust fault trace.
Based on the project of highway tunnel crossing the thrust fault with dip angle of 75°,through a model experiment,the effect of thrust fault stick-slip dislocation on highway tunnel has been discussed.Experimental results show that under the influence of stick-slip dislocation of thrust fault,the tensile zones of tunnel lining mainly distribute in the range of 0.3D(D is the diameter of tunnel)and 1.2D away from thrust fault trace at the bottom of tunnel in the foot wall,and the compressive zones of tunnel lining mainly distribute in the range of 0.6D and 1.6D away from thrust fault trace at the top of tunnel in the foot wall.The movement of thrust fault changes the state of surrounding rock pressure.The largest surrounding pressure occurs at the bottom of the tunnel 1D away from fault trace in the hanging wall,and can increase to 2 times of initial surrounding rock pressure.The failure mode of tunnel lining caused by stick-slip dislocation of thrust fault is combination of extension breakage with direct-shear breakage.The dominating factors of tunnel damage are diagonal cracks with dip angle about 50°and 45°near the thrust fault trace.
引文
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[18]王戍平.破碎围岩隧道的模拟试验研究[博士学位论文][D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.(WANG Shuping.Model test study on the tunnel within cracked surrounding rocks[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2004.(in Chinese))
[2]LIU X Z,HAMADA M.Experiment,numerical simulation on earthquake fault rupture propagation through soil and its effects on pipeline[R].Tokyo:Waseda University,2002.
[3]王威,任青文.活动断裂对深埋隧洞影响的研究概述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):175-180.(WANG Wei,REN Qingwen.General introduction to the effect of active fault on deep tunnel[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(1):175-180.(in Chinese))
[4]朱小明,刘明.断层角度对隧道纵向稳定性影响的数值模拟[J].徐州建筑职业技术学院学报,2007,7(4):17-19.(ZHU Xiaoming,LIU Ming.Numerical simulation of influences of fault angulation on tunnel longitudinal stability[J].Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Architectural Technology,2007,7(4):17-19.(in Chinese))
[5]黄生文,司铁汉,陈文胜,等.断层对大跨度隧道围岩应力影响的有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3 788-3 793.(HUANG Shengwen,SI Tiehan,CHEN Wensheng,et al.Finite element analysis of influence of fault on large-span tunnel surrounding rock stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.2):3 788-3 793.(in Chinese))
[6]JEON S,KIM J S,HONG Y C.Effect of a fault and weak plane on the stability of a tunnel in rock—a scaled model test and numerical analysis[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(1):658-663.
[7]ANASTASOPOULOS I,GEROLYMOS N,DROSOS V,et al.Behavior of deep immersed tunnel under combined normal fault rupture deformation and subsequent seismic shaking[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2008,6(2):213-239.
[8]赵伯明,刘洋.断层错动对隧道的影响分析[J].华南地震,2009,29(1):33-41.(ZHAO Boming,LIU Yang.Analysis of effects of fault slip on tunnel[J].South China Journal of Seismology,2009,29(1):33-41.(in Chinese))
[9]王启耀,蒋臻蔚,彭建兵.全新活动断裂和地裂缝对公路工程的影响及对策[J].公路,2006,(2):104-108.(WANG Qiyao,JIANG Zhenwei,PEN Jianbing.Influence of recently active fault and ground rupture on highway engineering and prevention and cure measures[J].Highway,2006,(2):104-108.(in Chinese))
[10]范文,邓龙胜,彭建兵,等.地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的物理模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1 917-1 923.(FAN Wen,DENG Longsheng,PENG Jianbing,et al.Research on physical experiment of metro tunnel crossing ground fissure belt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(9):1 917-1 923.(in Chinese))
[11]张成航.西安地铁隧道穿越地裂缝的模型试验研究[硕士学位论文][D].西安:长安大学,2008.(ZHANG Chenghang.Research on physical model experiment of Xi?an metro tunnel crossing ground fissure[M.S.Thesis][D].Xi?an:Chang?an University,2008.(in Chinese))
[12]黄强兵,彭建兵,门玉明,等.地裂缝对地铁明挖整体式衬砌隧道影响机制的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(11):2 324-2 331.(HUANG Qiangbing,PENG Jianbing,MEN Yuming,et al.Model test study on effect of ground fissure on open-cut metro tunnel with integral lining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(11):2 324-2 331.(in Chinese))
[13]GREGOR T,GARROD B,YOUNG D.Analyses of underground structures crossing an active fault in Coronado,California[C]//Proceedings of the World Tunnel Congress 2007 and the 33rd ITA/AITES Annual General Assembly:Underground Space.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2007:445-450.
[14]林铭郎,钟春富,吴杰佑,等.活动断层错动引致土壤与结构互制灾害[J].福建地质,2010,29(增1):127-128.(LIN Minglang,ZHONG Chunfu,WU Jieyou,et al.The hazard associated with soil structure interaction induced by active faulting[J].Geology of Fujian,2010,29(Supp.1):127-128.(in Chinese))
[15]LIN M L,CHUNG C F,JENG F S,et al.The deformation of overburden soil induced by thrust faulting and its impact on underground tunnels[J].Engineering Geology,2007,92(3/4):110-132.
[16]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.JGJ D70—2004公路隧道设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China.JGJ D70—2004 Code for design of highway tunnel[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese))
[17]汪成兵,付艳斌,叶飞.隧道工程模型试验研究进展[J].现代隧道技术,2006,(增1):720-723.(WANG Chengbing,FU Yanbin,YE Fei.Progress of tunnel model experiment research[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2006,(Supp.1):720-723.(in Chinese))
[18]王戍平.破碎围岩隧道的模拟试验研究[博士学位论文][D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.(WANG Shuping.Model test study on the tunnel within cracked surrounding rocks[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2004.(in Chinese))
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