顺层岩体边坡开挖过程模型试验
|
摘要
边坡开挖引起的变形及应力调整规律是边坡安全监控的科学依据,模型试验是揭示公路高切坡变形与应力变化规律的重要途径,针对巫山至巫溪公路k88段岩体高边坡,通过相似模型试验探讨边坡开挖过程中坡内位移和应力变化规律。通过相似材料试验获得了模型试验相似材料,配合比"硼砂:水:砂:水泥:石膏"为0.01:1:7.705:0.384:0.900,构建了几何相似比1:30的物理试验模型,提出了与实际工程一致的边坡3次开挖工况。试验结果表明,开挖过程中高切坡位移峰值突增现象显著,达到稳定状态的时间4d左右,而应力则成波动衰减状态,10d以后仍然存在衰减趋势;基于开挖过程中边坡变形和应力的不一致性及应力调整的持续性变化规律,提出了岩质边坡以三维应力监测为主、位移监测为辅的边坡监测优化方案。
The variation principle of deformation and stress triggered by excavation of slope often provide the scientific basis for safety monitoring of slope.Model experiment is an important way of displaying evolution of displacement and stress of high-cutting slope along highway.Taking K88+725 High-cuting Slope that locates in second-grade highway from Chongqing Wushan County to Wuxi County as the prototype,this paper approaches evolution of displacement and stress of slope excavation from similarity model experiment,and obtains Similarity material proportion is that borax: water: sand: cement: plaster is 0.01:1:7.705:0.384:0.900.Using physical model of 1:30 geometry,is divided the excavation of the model into 3 stages according to the actual construction process.The results indicate that the displacement peak is rising suddenly and it will remains steady after 4 days;but stress displays weakening fluctuatly;it will sustain weakening after 10 days.Based on difference of evolution of displacement and stress and continue of stress of slope excavation,the proposal that 3D stresses is principal monitoring and displacement monitoring is minor,is put forward.
The variation principle of deformation and stress triggered by excavation of slope often provide the scientific basis for safety monitoring of slope.Model experiment is an important way of displaying evolution of displacement and stress of high-cutting slope along highway.Taking K88+725 High-cuting Slope that locates in second-grade highway from Chongqing Wushan County to Wuxi County as the prototype,this paper approaches evolution of displacement and stress of slope excavation from similarity model experiment,and obtains Similarity material proportion is that borax: water: sand: cement: plaster is 0.01:1:7.705:0.384:0.900.Using physical model of 1:30 geometry,is divided the excavation of the model into 3 stages according to the actual construction process.The results indicate that the displacement peak is rising suddenly and it will remains steady after 4 days;but stress displays weakening fluctuatly;it will sustain weakening after 10 days.Based on difference of evolution of displacement and stress and continue of stress of slope excavation,the proposal that 3D stresses is principal monitoring and displacement monitoring is minor,is put forward.
引文
[1]RICHARD J C,STANLEY A S,DAVID E S.Geomorphology[M].Cambridge:University Press of Cambridge,1984.
[2]PAOLO TOMMASI,LUCA VERRUCCI,PAOLO CAMPEDEL,et al.Buckling of high natural slopes:The case of Lavini di Marco(Trento-Italy)[J].EngineeringGeology,2009,2(2):1-16.
[3]BRAATHEN A,BLIKRA L H,KARLSEN S S.Rock-slope failure in Norway:type,geometry,deformation mechanisms and stability[J].Norwegian Journal of Geology,2004,84:67-88.
[4]陈祖煜,汪小刚,杨健,等.岩质边坡稳定分析——原理·方法·程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[5]谷栓成,张士兵.岩石高边坡弯曲破坏的力学分析[J].西安科技学院学报,2003,23(1):10-13.GU Shuan-cheng,ZHANG Shi-bing.A force analysis of flexual failure of high rockmass slope[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2003,23(1):10-13.
[6]张慧梅.板裂介质岩体边坡的后屈曲性态[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(4):73-76.ZHANG Hui-mei.Post-buckling behavior of rockmass slope sheet crack[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2007,22(4):73-76.
[7]薛守义,王思敬,刘建中.块状岩体边坡地震滑动位移分析[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(2):131-136.XUE Shou-yi,WANG Si-jin,LIU Jian-zhong.Analysis of sliding displacements of rockmass slopes earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1997,5(2):131-136.
[8]孙国富,刘维宁,陶运军,等.陡倾外层状岩石边坡的破坏机制与开挖模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):697-701.SUN Guo-fu,LIU Wei-ning,TAO Yun-jun,et al.Failure mechanism and modeling of excavation efectfor steep over-dip stratified rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(6):697-701.
[9]BROADBENT C D.Rheology aspects of rock slope failure[C]//Proceedings of13th Symp on Rock Mechanics.Illinois:[s.n.],1971.
[10]刘宪权,朱建明,冯锦艳,等.水平厚煤层露井联合开采下边坡破坏机理[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(12):1346-1350.LIU Xian-quan,ZHU Jian-ming,FENG Jin-yan,et al.Mechan ism of the slope failure of horizontal thick coa l seamunder the condition of combined mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(12):1346-1350.
[11]王家臣,谭文辉.边坡渐进破坏三维随机分析[J].煤炭学报,1997,22(1):27-31.WANG Jia-chen,TAN Wen-hui.Three dimensionalstochastic analysis of slope progressive failure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1997,22(1):27-31.
[12]张嘎,王爱霞,牟太平,等.边坡破坏过程离心模型试验的应力位移场研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(10):2637-2641.ZHANG Ga,WANG Ai-xia,MU Tai-ping,et al.Study of stress and displacement fields in centrifuge modeling of slope progressive failure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(10):2637-2641.
[13]陈亚军,王家臣,常来山,等.节理岩体边坡渐进破坏的试验研究[J].金属矿山,2005,(8):11-13.CHEN Ya-jun WANG Jia-chen,CHANG Lai-shan,et al.Experimental research on progressive failure of jointed rock slope[J].Metal Mine,2005,(8):1-13.
[14]金培杰,李晓军,戴玉,等.安徽芜(湖)-铜(陵)高速公路高边坡岩体结构特征与稳定性评价[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007,18(3):30-34.JIN Pei-jie,LI Xiao-jun,DAI Yu,et al.The characteristic and the stability analysis of the high rock slope in Wuhu-Tongling Expressway,Anhui Province[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2007,18(3):30-34.
[15]肖克强,李海波,刘亚群,等.地震荷载作用下顺层岩体边坡变形特征分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1557-1564.XIAO Ke-qiang,LI Hai-bo,LIU Ya-qun,et al.Study on deformation characteristics of bedding slopes under earthquake[J].Rock and Soi1Mechanics,2007,28(8):1557-1564.
[16]黄润秋.岩石高边坡发育的动力过程及其稳定性控制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(8):1525-1544.HUANG Run-qiu.Geodynamical process and stability control of high rock slope development[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(8):1525-1544.
[17]冯文凯,石豫川,柴贺军,等.缓倾角层状高边坡变形破坏机制物理模拟研究[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(2):32-36.FENG Wen-kai,SHI Yu-chuan,CHAI He-jun,et al.Study of mechanism of deformation failure of a low-angle bedded high slope with physical sim ulation method[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2004,17(2):32-36.
[18]冯君,周德培,李安洪.顺层岩质边坡开挖稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9):1474-1478.FENG Jun,ZHOU De-pei,LI An-hong.Research on stability of rock bedded slopes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(9):1474-1478.
[19]陈从新,黄平路,卢增木.岩层倾角影响顺层岩石边坡稳定性的模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(3):476-486.CHEN Cong-xin,HUANG Ping-lu,LU Zeng-mu.Study on correlation between stability of consequent rock slope and obliquity of rock layer by simulation experiment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(3):476-486.
[20]黄润秋,赵建军,巨能攀,等.汤屯高速公路顺层岩质边坡变形机制分析及治理对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):239-346.HUANG Run-qiu,ZHAO Jian-jun,JU Neng-pan,et al.Study on deformation mechanism and control method of bedding rock slope along Tang-Tun expressway[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):239-346.
[21]曹卫文.顺层岩体边坡开挖过程模型试验[硕士学位论文D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2009.
[2]PAOLO TOMMASI,LUCA VERRUCCI,PAOLO CAMPEDEL,et al.Buckling of high natural slopes:The case of Lavini di Marco(Trento-Italy)[J].EngineeringGeology,2009,2(2):1-16.
[3]BRAATHEN A,BLIKRA L H,KARLSEN S S.Rock-slope failure in Norway:type,geometry,deformation mechanisms and stability[J].Norwegian Journal of Geology,2004,84:67-88.
[4]陈祖煜,汪小刚,杨健,等.岩质边坡稳定分析——原理·方法·程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[5]谷栓成,张士兵.岩石高边坡弯曲破坏的力学分析[J].西安科技学院学报,2003,23(1):10-13.GU Shuan-cheng,ZHANG Shi-bing.A force analysis of flexual failure of high rockmass slope[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2003,23(1):10-13.
[6]张慧梅.板裂介质岩体边坡的后屈曲性态[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(4):73-76.ZHANG Hui-mei.Post-buckling behavior of rockmass slope sheet crack[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2007,22(4):73-76.
[7]薛守义,王思敬,刘建中.块状岩体边坡地震滑动位移分析[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(2):131-136.XUE Shou-yi,WANG Si-jin,LIU Jian-zhong.Analysis of sliding displacements of rockmass slopes earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1997,5(2):131-136.
[8]孙国富,刘维宁,陶运军,等.陡倾外层状岩石边坡的破坏机制与开挖模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):697-701.SUN Guo-fu,LIU Wei-ning,TAO Yun-jun,et al.Failure mechanism and modeling of excavation efectfor steep over-dip stratified rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(6):697-701.
[9]BROADBENT C D.Rheology aspects of rock slope failure[C]//Proceedings of13th Symp on Rock Mechanics.Illinois:[s.n.],1971.
[10]刘宪权,朱建明,冯锦艳,等.水平厚煤层露井联合开采下边坡破坏机理[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(12):1346-1350.LIU Xian-quan,ZHU Jian-ming,FENG Jin-yan,et al.Mechan ism of the slope failure of horizontal thick coa l seamunder the condition of combined mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(12):1346-1350.
[11]王家臣,谭文辉.边坡渐进破坏三维随机分析[J].煤炭学报,1997,22(1):27-31.WANG Jia-chen,TAN Wen-hui.Three dimensionalstochastic analysis of slope progressive failure[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1997,22(1):27-31.
[12]张嘎,王爱霞,牟太平,等.边坡破坏过程离心模型试验的应力位移场研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(10):2637-2641.ZHANG Ga,WANG Ai-xia,MU Tai-ping,et al.Study of stress and displacement fields in centrifuge modeling of slope progressive failure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(10):2637-2641.
[13]陈亚军,王家臣,常来山,等.节理岩体边坡渐进破坏的试验研究[J].金属矿山,2005,(8):11-13.CHEN Ya-jun WANG Jia-chen,CHANG Lai-shan,et al.Experimental research on progressive failure of jointed rock slope[J].Metal Mine,2005,(8):1-13.
[14]金培杰,李晓军,戴玉,等.安徽芜(湖)-铜(陵)高速公路高边坡岩体结构特征与稳定性评价[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2007,18(3):30-34.JIN Pei-jie,LI Xiao-jun,DAI Yu,et al.The characteristic and the stability analysis of the high rock slope in Wuhu-Tongling Expressway,Anhui Province[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2007,18(3):30-34.
[15]肖克强,李海波,刘亚群,等.地震荷载作用下顺层岩体边坡变形特征分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1557-1564.XIAO Ke-qiang,LI Hai-bo,LIU Ya-qun,et al.Study on deformation characteristics of bedding slopes under earthquake[J].Rock and Soi1Mechanics,2007,28(8):1557-1564.
[16]黄润秋.岩石高边坡发育的动力过程及其稳定性控制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(8):1525-1544.HUANG Run-qiu.Geodynamical process and stability control of high rock slope development[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(8):1525-1544.
[17]冯文凯,石豫川,柴贺军,等.缓倾角层状高边坡变形破坏机制物理模拟研究[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(2):32-36.FENG Wen-kai,SHI Yu-chuan,CHAI He-jun,et al.Study of mechanism of deformation failure of a low-angle bedded high slope with physical sim ulation method[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2004,17(2):32-36.
[18]冯君,周德培,李安洪.顺层岩质边坡开挖稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9):1474-1478.FENG Jun,ZHOU De-pei,LI An-hong.Research on stability of rock bedded slopes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(9):1474-1478.
[19]陈从新,黄平路,卢增木.岩层倾角影响顺层岩石边坡稳定性的模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(3):476-486.CHEN Cong-xin,HUANG Ping-lu,LU Zeng-mu.Study on correlation between stability of consequent rock slope and obliquity of rock layer by simulation experiment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(3):476-486.
[20]黄润秋,赵建军,巨能攀,等.汤屯高速公路顺层岩质边坡变形机制分析及治理对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):239-346.HUANG Run-qiu,ZHAO Jian-jun,JU Neng-pan,et al.Study on deformation mechanism and control method of bedding rock slope along Tang-Tun expressway[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):239-346.
[21]曹卫文.顺层岩体边坡开挖过程模型试验[硕士学位论文D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2009.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心