昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震同震形变场的模拟分析
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摘要
利用弹性有限元方法,结合GPS观测资料,模拟了昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震产生的同震水平位移场,计算了同震视应变变化场及主要活动断裂的同震错动。结果显示:1)昆仑大震对整个中国西部形变场影响非常明显,在发震断裂两侧一定区域内形成了一个主压应变高值区;2)大震使新疆东部与新甘交界部形成强烈的顺时针旋转,触发了玉门5.9级、石河子5.4级地震,同时使阿尔金断裂形成强烈的分段差异运动特性;3)大震使青藏块体东北缘运动几乎整体反向,在德令哈周围、青藏块体东北缘的东部积累了部分应变能;4)大震对川、藏交接部影响较大,同震时积累了一些应变能。
The coseismic horizontal displacement field caused by the Kunlun Mountain Ms8.1 earthquake is simulated by use of elastic finite element method and GPS observations,the coseismic apparent strain variation field and the coseismic dislocation of main active faults are calculated.The results show:1)the effect of Kunlun Mountain Ms8.1 earthquake is very obvious on the west strain field of China,and a principal compressive strain area of high value has been formed near the seismogenic fault at the same time;2)the great earthquake made the east of Xinjiang area and the joint part of Xinjiang and Gansu strongly clockwise rotate,it triggered Yumen Ms5.9 and Shihezi Ms5.4 earthquakes,and made Arjin fault display strong differential motion in different segments;3)the earthquake made the movement of almost the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet block,some strain energy was accumulated in Dlha's adjacent area and the east of northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet reversally;4)the effect of the great Kunlun Mountain earthquake is big on the joint part of Sichuan and Tibet,where some strain energy was accumulated while earthquake occurred.
The coseismic horizontal displacement field caused by the Kunlun Mountain Ms8.1 earthquake is simulated by use of elastic finite element method and GPS observations,the coseismic apparent strain variation field and the coseismic dislocation of main active faults are calculated.The results show:1)the effect of Kunlun Mountain Ms8.1 earthquake is very obvious on the west strain field of China,and a principal compressive strain area of high value has been formed near the seismogenic fault at the same time;2)the great earthquake made the east of Xinjiang area and the joint part of Xinjiang and Gansu strongly clockwise rotate,it triggered Yumen Ms5.9 and Shihezi Ms5.4 earthquakes,and made Arjin fault display strong differential motion in different segments;3)the earthquake made the movement of almost the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet block,some strain energy was accumulated in Dlha's adjacent area and the east of northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet reversally;4)the effect of the great Kunlun Mountain earthquake is big on the joint part of Sichuan and Tibet,where some strain energy was accumulated while earthquake occurred.
引文
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8谭凯,等.用大地测量数据反演2001年昆仑山地震[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):47～50.8Tan Kai,et al.Using geodetic data to inverse co-seismic of2001Kunlun earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geody-namics,2004,24(3):47-50.(in Chinese)
9吴云,等.GPS揭示的现今地壳运动与地震前兆特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(3):14～20.9Wu Yun,et al.Characteristics of current crust movement andseismic precursors revealed by GPS survey[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):14-20.(in Chi-nese)
10王琪,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动研究[J].地震学报,2003,25(5):541～547.10Wang Qi,et al.Current crustal movement in Chinese main-land[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(5):541-547.(in Chinese)
11杨少敏,王琪.昆仑山8.1级地震前中国大陆的构造应变背景[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(3):61～65.11Yang Shaomin and Wang Qi.Tectonic strain background inChina continent before Kunlun mountainMs8.1earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):61-65.(in Chinese)
12薄万举,等.昆仑山口大地震与地形变异常的讨论[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):22～29.12Bo Wanju,et al.Discussion of Kunlun mountain large earth-quake and related anomalies of crustal deformation[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):22-29.(in Chinese)
13付广裕,等.昆仑山口西8.1级大震前后重力场动态变化[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):42～46.13Fu Guangyu,et al.Dynamic gravity changes before and afterearthquake ofMs8.1occurred in west to Kunlun mountainpass[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(1):42-46.(in Chinese)
14乔学军,等.昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的地壳变形特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(4):6～11.14Qiao Xuejun,et al.Characteristics of crustal deformation re-lating toMs8.1Kunlunshan earthquake[J].Journal of Ge-odesy and Geodynamics,2002,22(4):6-11.(in Chi-nese)
15吴树仁,李贵书,何锋,等.昆仑山地震地表破裂带东段几何学与运动学[J].地质通报,2002,21(8-9):554～561.15Wu Shuren,Li Guishu,He Feng,et al.Geometry and kine-matics of the surface rupture east zone relating toMs8.1earthquake in Kunlun Mountain[J].Geological Bulletin ofChina,2002,21(8-9):554-561.(in Chinese)
16王道.昆仑山口西8.1级地震的远程地下水动力学效应[J].内陆地震,2002,16(3):213～223.16Wang Dao.Long-distance ground water dynamics effect oftheMs8.1earthquake in the west of Kunlun mountain pass[J].Inland Earthquake,2002,16(3):213-223.(in Chi-nese)
17程式,杜方.昆仑山口西8.1级地震在四川地区的前兆异常效应[J].四川地震,2002,105(4):7～13.17Cheng Shi and Du Fang.Precursor anomaly effect in Si-chuan due to the2001Kunlunshan PassMs8.1earthquake[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,2002,105(4),7-13.(in Chinese)
18崔笃信,王庆良,王文萍.青藏块体东北缘地壳水平运动状态[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):29～34.18Cui Duxin,Wang Qingliang and Wang Wenping.Crustalhorizontal movement state of northeastern margin of Qing-hai-Tibet block[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(3):29-34.(in Chinese)
19王双绪,等.昆仑8.1级地震前青藏块体东北缘构造运动特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(1):50～55.19Wang Shuangxu,et al.Features of horizontal movement innortheastern maigin of Qinghai-Tibet block beforeMs8.1Kunlun earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynam-ics,2004,24(1):50-55.(in Chinese)
2徐锡伟,陈文彬,于贵华,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山库赛湖地震(Ms8.1)地表破裂带的基本特征[J].地震地质,24(1):1～13.2Xu Xiwei,Chen Wenbin,Yu Guihua,et al.Basic character-istics of the surface rupture of the Hoh Sai Hu(Kunlun-shan)earthquake occurred on14November2001(Ms8.1)[J].Seismology and Geology,2002,24(1):1-13.(in Chi-nese)
3乔学军,王琪,杜瑞林,等.昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的地壳变形特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(4):6～11.3Qiao Xuejun,Wang Qi,Du Ruilin,et al.Characteristic ofcrustal deformation related toMs8.1Kunlunshan earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2002,22(4):6-11.(in Chinese)
4沈军,尹光华,赵瑞斌,等.2001年月14日新疆青海交界东昆仑山8.1级地震构造背景初探[J].内陆地震,2002,16(1):1～7.4Shen Jun,Yin Guanghua,Zhao Ruibin,et al.Primarily re-search on tectonic background of Kunlunshan earthquake oc-curred in the joint area of Xinjiang and Qinghai province on14November2001[J].Inland Earthquake,2002,16(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
5侯海峰,刁守中,华爱军,等.由昆仑山口西8.1级地震分析中国大陆1～3年地震大形势[J].华北地震科学,2002,20(3):22-30.5Hou Haifeng,Diao Shouzhong,Hua Aijun,et al.Analysis toearthquake situation within1to3years in Chinese from thewest Kunlunshan pass Ms8.1earthquake[J].North ChinaEarthquake Sciences,2002,20(3):22-30.(in Chinese)
6石绍先,曹刻.2001年昆仑山口8.1级巨震后中国大陆、云南地震趋势研究[J].地震研究,2002,25(3),220～226.6Shi Shaoxian and Cao Ke.Study on earthquake tendency inChineses mainland and Yunnan after the great Ms8.1earth-quake of Kunlunshan pass in2001[J].Journal of Seismolog-ical Research,2002,25(3):220-226.(in Chinese)
7张敏,刘山青.昆仑山口西8.1级地震后3年内中国大陆地震形势分析[J].高原地震,2002,14(2),8～14.7Zhang Min and Liu Shanqing.Analysis on the seismologicalsituation three years after the west Kunlun mountain earth-quake withMs8.1in Chinese Mainland[J].Earthquake Re-search in Plateau,2002,14(2):8-14.(in Chinese)
8谭凯,等.用大地测量数据反演2001年昆仑山地震[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):47～50.8Tan Kai,et al.Using geodetic data to inverse co-seismic of2001Kunlun earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geody-namics,2004,24(3):47-50.(in Chinese)
9吴云,等.GPS揭示的现今地壳运动与地震前兆特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(3):14～20.9Wu Yun,et al.Characteristics of current crust movement andseismic precursors revealed by GPS survey[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):14-20.(in Chi-nese)
10王琪,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动研究[J].地震学报,2003,25(5):541～547.10Wang Qi,et al.Current crustal movement in Chinese main-land[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(5):541-547.(in Chinese)
11杨少敏,王琪.昆仑山8.1级地震前中国大陆的构造应变背景[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(3):61～65.11Yang Shaomin and Wang Qi.Tectonic strain background inChina continent before Kunlun mountainMs8.1earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):61-65.(in Chinese)
12薄万举,等.昆仑山口大地震与地形变异常的讨论[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):22～29.12Bo Wanju,et al.Discussion of Kunlun mountain large earth-quake and related anomalies of crustal deformation[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(3):22-29.(in Chinese)
13付广裕,等.昆仑山口西8.1级大震前后重力场动态变化[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):42～46.13Fu Guangyu,et al.Dynamic gravity changes before and afterearthquake ofMs8.1occurred in west to Kunlun mountainpass[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(1):42-46.(in Chinese)
14乔学军,等.昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的地壳变形特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(4):6～11.14Qiao Xuejun,et al.Characteristics of crustal deformation re-lating toMs8.1Kunlunshan earthquake[J].Journal of Ge-odesy and Geodynamics,2002,22(4):6-11.(in Chi-nese)
15吴树仁,李贵书,何锋,等.昆仑山地震地表破裂带东段几何学与运动学[J].地质通报,2002,21(8-9):554～561.15Wu Shuren,Li Guishu,He Feng,et al.Geometry and kine-matics of the surface rupture east zone relating toMs8.1earthquake in Kunlun Mountain[J].Geological Bulletin ofChina,2002,21(8-9):554-561.(in Chinese)
16王道.昆仑山口西8.1级地震的远程地下水动力学效应[J].内陆地震,2002,16(3):213～223.16Wang Dao.Long-distance ground water dynamics effect oftheMs8.1earthquake in the west of Kunlun mountain pass[J].Inland Earthquake,2002,16(3):213-223.(in Chi-nese)
17程式,杜方.昆仑山口西8.1级地震在四川地区的前兆异常效应[J].四川地震,2002,105(4):7～13.17Cheng Shi and Du Fang.Precursor anomaly effect in Si-chuan due to the2001Kunlunshan PassMs8.1earthquake[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,2002,105(4),7-13.(in Chinese)
18崔笃信,王庆良,王文萍.青藏块体东北缘地壳水平运动状态[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):29～34.18Cui Duxin,Wang Qingliang and Wang Wenping.Crustalhorizontal movement state of northeastern margin of Qing-hai-Tibet block[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(3):29-34.(in Chinese)
19王双绪,等.昆仑8.1级地震前青藏块体东北缘构造运动特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(1):50～55.19Wang Shuangxu,et al.Features of horizontal movement innortheastern maigin of Qinghai-Tibet block beforeMs8.1Kunlun earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynam-ics,2004,24(1):50-55.(in Chinese)
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