武广高速铁路路基振动现场测试与分析
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摘要
为研究武广高速铁路无砟轨道路基的振动特性,对武昌-咸宁综合试验段路基进行了现场实车测试。获得了各测点在不同列车荷载作用下的竖向振动加速度和动应力幅值,总结了试验段路基动力响应的分布规律,获得了试验段路基的固有频率,并结合小波分析方法对路基的振动特性进行了频域分析。结果表明,车速的提升加剧了基床表层顶面路基的振动,在260～320 km/h车速段尤为明显。经过2.7 m高路堤的衰减,路基的动力响应幅值和振动能量已基本不受车速影响。级配碎石层能有效抑制振动沿路基深度的传递。随着车速的提升,转向架固定轴距作用率、轨道不平顺成为引起路基振动的主要原因。轴重对动力响应幅值和振动能量的影响较车速更为显著,轴重的增加使得振动能量在频域内更为集中。
In order to study the vibration characteristics of ballastless-track subgrade for Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway,in-situ train-induced vibration tests are performed in the Huchang-Xianning test section.Magnitudes of vertical vibration acceleration and dynamic stress of all the measuring points are obtained when bullet trains units and track inspection trains run in the test section respectively.Distribution laws of dynamic response in the tested subgrade are summarized.Natural frequencies of the tested subgrade are obtained.Furthermore,incorporating wavelet analysis method,vibration characteristics of the tested subgrade are analyzed in the frequency domain.The results show that the increase in train speed enhances the vibration at the top surface of the tested subgrade,especially at 260-320 km/h.After attenuating over 2.7 m high embankment,magnitudes of dynamic response and vibration energies of the tested subgrade are very little,and the influence of train speeds is not obvious to them.The graded broken stone layer can effectively inhibit the propagation of vibration with depth in subgrade.With the increase in train speed,vibration of subgrade is mainly controlled by wheelbase and track smoothness.Axle loads effect magnitudes of dynamic response and vibration energies more significantly than train speeds.Increase in axle loads concentrates vibration energies in a more narrow frequency band.
In order to study the vibration characteristics of ballastless-track subgrade for Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway,in-situ train-induced vibration tests are performed in the Huchang-Xianning test section.Magnitudes of vertical vibration acceleration and dynamic stress of all the measuring points are obtained when bullet trains units and track inspection trains run in the test section respectively.Distribution laws of dynamic response in the tested subgrade are summarized.Natural frequencies of the tested subgrade are obtained.Furthermore,incorporating wavelet analysis method,vibration characteristics of the tested subgrade are analyzed in the frequency domain.The results show that the increase in train speed enhances the vibration at the top surface of the tested subgrade,especially at 260-320 km/h.After attenuating over 2.7 m high embankment,magnitudes of dynamic response and vibration energies of the tested subgrade are very little,and the influence of train speeds is not obvious to them.The graded broken stone layer can effectively inhibit the propagation of vibration with depth in subgrade.With the increase in train speed,vibration of subgrade is mainly controlled by wheelbase and track smoothness.Axle loads effect magnitudes of dynamic response and vibration energies more significantly than train speeds.Increase in axle loads concentrates vibration energies in a more narrow frequency band.
引文
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[3]聂志红,李亮,刘宝琛,等.秦沈客运专线路基振动测试分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):1067-1071.NIE Zhi-hong,LI Liang,LIU Bao-chen,et al.Testing and analysis on vibration of subgrade for Qinghuangdao-Shenyang railway[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):1067-1071.
[4]肖宏,蒋关鲁,魏永幸.遂渝线无砟轨道桩网结构路基现场动车试验测试分析[J].铁道学报,2010,32(1):79-84.XIAO Hong,JIANG Guan-lu,WEI Yong-xing.Dynamic test analysis of ballastless-track column-net structure subgrade of the Suining-Chongqing railway line[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,32(1):79-84.
[5]李克飞,刘维宁,孙晓静,等.北京地铁5号线高架线减振措施现场测试与分析[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(4):25-29.LI Ke-fei,LIU Wei-ning,SUN Xiao-jing,et al.In-situ test and analysis of the vibration mitigation measures of the elevated line in Beijing metro line 5[J].China Railway Science,2009,30(4):25-29.
[6]陈果元,魏丽敏,杨果林.胡家屯中桥路桥过渡段动力特性试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(6):184-188.CHEN Guo-yuan,WEI Li-min,YANG Guo-lin.Exper-imental research on dynamic properties of road-bridge transition section of Hujiatun medium bridge[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(6):184-188.
[7]胡昌华,李国华.基于MATLAB 7.X的系统分析与设计——小波分析(第3版)[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008.
[8]崔臻,盛谦,刘加进,等.基于小波包的地下洞室群地震响应及其频谱特性研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3901-3906.CUI Zhen,SHENG Qian,LIU Jia-jin,et al.Spectrum characteristics analysis of seismic response for underground caverns via wavelet packet[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):3901-3906.
[9]童发明.高速铁路相邻涵洞间过渡段路基动力响应相互影响分析[硕士学位论文D].长沙:中南大学,2010,93-95.
[10]王济,胡晓.MATLAB在振动信号处理中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[11]张协崇.客运专线涵-涵过渡段动力特性试验研究及仿真分析[硕士学位论文D].长沙:中南大学,2009.
[12]杨学林,陈云敏,蔡袁强,等.利用地脉动确定地基自振频率[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(4):51-55.YANG Xue-lin,CHEN Yun-min,CAI Yuan-qiang,et al.Determination of the natural frequencies of soil deposit by ground microtremors[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,17(4):51-55.
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