基于安全系数的地铁车站衬砌优化设计探讨
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摘要
实际工程中初衬受力与变形很大因而初衬会进入塑性,应将初衬视作弹塑性加固材料进行设计计算。结合一个青岛地铁车站衬砌的设计计算,将强度折减法应用于隧道稳定性分析。考虑衬砌施作时的围岩应力释放率影响,利用强度折减法计算隧洞围岩及衬砌的安全系数。初衬后围岩安全系数不应小于1.15～1.20,如果围岩安全系数小于1.30,此时二衬将承受一定荷载。二衬安全系数与初衬后围岩安全系数的乘积应大于2,以确保二衬安全。通过计算可以定量的确定初衬和二衬的结构尺寸,确保隧洞安全并合理降低成本。
There load and deformation of initial lining are big in practical engineering,so the lining may work in plastic state.The initial lining should be taken as elastic-plastic reinforced material in calculation.Based on the lining design calculation of a station in Qingdao subway,the strength reduction method is applied to the analysis of tunnel stability.Considering the influence of stress release rate of surrounding rock on lining,the safety factor of tunnel surrounding rock and lining is obtained by strength reduction method.The safety factor of surrounding rock with initial lining should not be less than 1.15～1.20.If the safety factor is less than 1.3,the secondary lining will support a certain amount of load.The product of safety factors of the initial lining and the secondary lining should be greater than 2 to ensure the secondary lining safety.The structure size of the initial lining and the secondary lining can be determined through calculation,and the tunnel safety can be ensured and the cost can be reduced reasonably.
There load and deformation of initial lining are big in practical engineering,so the lining may work in plastic state.The initial lining should be taken as elastic-plastic reinforced material in calculation.Based on the lining design calculation of a station in Qingdao subway,the strength reduction method is applied to the analysis of tunnel stability.Considering the influence of stress release rate of surrounding rock on lining,the safety factor of tunnel surrounding rock and lining is obtained by strength reduction method.The safety factor of surrounding rock with initial lining should not be less than 1.15～1.20.If the safety factor is less than 1.3,the secondary lining will support a certain amount of load.The product of safety factors of the initial lining and the secondary lining should be greater than 2 to ensure the secondary lining safety.The structure size of the initial lining and the secondary lining can be determined through calculation,and the tunnel safety can be ensured and the cost can be reduced reasonably.
引文
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[7]郑颖人,肖强,叶海林,等.地震隧洞稳定性分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(6):1081-1 088.(Zheng Yingren,Xiao Qiang,Ye Hailin,et al.Study of tunnel stability analysis with seismic load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(6):1 081-1 088.(in Chinese))
[8]张黎明,郑颖人,王在泉,等.有限元强度折减法在公路隧道中的应用探讨[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):97-101.(Zhang Liming,Zheng Yingren,WangZaiquan,et al.Application of Strength Reduction FiniteElement Method to Road Tunnels[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2007,28(1):97-101.(in Chinese))
[9]杨臻,郑颖人,张红,等.岩质隧洞围岩稳定性分析与强度参数的探讨[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(2):283-290.(Yang Zhen,Zheng Yingren,Zhang-hong,et al.Analysis on stability for the surroundingrock of tunnel and exploring the strength parameters[J].Chinese Joumal of Undergrspace and Engneering,2009,5(2):283-290.(in Chinese))
[10]中华人民共和国交通部.公路隧道设计规范(JTGD70—2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.(Ministry of Communications of the People’s Republicof China.Code for design of road tunnel[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese))
[2]杨臻,郑颖人,张红,等.岩质隧洞支护结构设计计算方法探索[J].岩土力学,2009,30(增1):148-154.(Yang Zhen,Zheng Yingren,Zhang Hong,et al.Ex-plorating computational method of designing the support-ing structure of rock tunnel[J].Rock and soil Mechan-ics,2009,30(supp.1):148-154.(in Chinese))
[3]张红,郑颖人,杨臻,等.黄土隧洞与安全系数初探[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(2):297-306.(Zhang Hong,Zheng Yingren,Yang Zhen,et al.Ex-ploration of safety factors of the loess tunnel[J].Chi-nese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2009,5(2):297-306.(in Chinese))
[4]赵尚毅,郑颖人,时卫民,等.用有限元强度折减法求边坡稳定安全系数[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):343-346.(Zhao Shangyi,Zheng Yingren,ShiWeimin,et al.Analysis on safety factor of slope bystrength reduction FEM[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2002,24(3):343-346.(inChinese))
[5]郑颖人,孔亮.岩土塑性力学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(Zheng Yingren,Kong Liang.Plastic mechanics of rock and soil[M].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture and Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[6]肖强,郑颖人,叶海林.静力无衬砌黄土隧洞稳定性探讨[J].地下空间与工程学报,2010,6(6):1 136-1 141.(Xiao Qiang,Zheng Yingren,Ye Hailin.Stability analysis of static unlined loess tunnel.ChineseJournal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,6(6):1 136-1 141.(in Chinese))
[7]郑颖人,肖强,叶海林,等.地震隧洞稳定性分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(6):1081-1 088.(Zheng Yingren,Xiao Qiang,Ye Hailin,et al.Study of tunnel stability analysis with seismic load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(6):1 081-1 088.(in Chinese))
[8]张黎明,郑颖人,王在泉,等.有限元强度折减法在公路隧道中的应用探讨[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):97-101.(Zhang Liming,Zheng Yingren,WangZaiquan,et al.Application of Strength Reduction FiniteElement Method to Road Tunnels[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2007,28(1):97-101.(in Chinese))
[9]杨臻,郑颖人,张红,等.岩质隧洞围岩稳定性分析与强度参数的探讨[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(2):283-290.(Yang Zhen,Zheng Yingren,Zhang-hong,et al.Analysis on stability for the surroundingrock of tunnel and exploring the strength parameters[J].Chinese Joumal of Undergrspace and Engneering,2009,5(2):283-290.(in Chinese))
[10]中华人民共和国交通部.公路隧道设计规范(JTGD70—2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.(Ministry of Communications of the People’s Republicof China.Code for design of road tunnel[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese))
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