地质雷达隧道超前地质预报检测信号的HHT分析法
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摘要
隧道工程建设因开挖而诱发的各种地质灾害时有发生,为确保隧道施工安全,目前普遍运用超前地质预报探明掌子面前方的地质情况,如何提高超前地质预报的判释水平显得尤为重要。针对隧道超前地质预报地质雷达信号的特点,采用HHT分析法提取原始图像各IMF分量的瞬时剖面图及其单道信号的瞬时幅值、瞬时相位、瞬时频率。结果表明,HHT分析法分解出的瞬时参数突显了原始信号的特征信息,能较好地定量识别不良地质体位置与形状,提高地质雷达原始图像解释的精度和可信程度。
Geological hazard accidents induced by excavation occur frequently in the course of tunnel constructions.In order to ensure tunnel construction safety,geological prediction for exploring potential geological conditions in front of tunnel face is widely adopted.Therefore,it is of vital importance to explore how to improve the interpretation level of geological prediction.Based on the characteristics of ground penetrating radar(GPR) signals in tunnel geological prediction,the Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) method is used to extract instantaneous profiles of each IMF(intrinsic mode function) component in the original image and instantaneous parameters of the single trace signal,such as instantaneous amplitude,instantaneous phase and instantaneous frequency.The results show that instantaneous parameters decomposed by HHT method highlight the characteristics of the original signal,which can qualitatively identify the position and shape of catastrophic geological body,and improve the accuracy and credibility of the original image interpretation of ground penetrating radar.
Geological hazard accidents induced by excavation occur frequently in the course of tunnel constructions.In order to ensure tunnel construction safety,geological prediction for exploring potential geological conditions in front of tunnel face is widely adopted.Therefore,it is of vital importance to explore how to improve the interpretation level of geological prediction.Based on the characteristics of ground penetrating radar(GPR) signals in tunnel geological prediction,the Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) method is used to extract instantaneous profiles of each IMF(intrinsic mode function) component in the original image and instantaneous parameters of the single trace signal,such as instantaneous amplitude,instantaneous phase and instantaneous frequency.The results show that instantaneous parameters decomposed by HHT method highlight the characteristics of the original signal,which can qualitatively identify the position and shape of catastrophic geological body,and improve the accuracy and credibility of the original image interpretation of ground penetrating radar.
引文
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[14]向玲,唐贵基,胡爱军.旋转机械非平稳振动信号的时频分析比较[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(2):42–45.(XIANG Ling,TANG Guiji,HU Aijun.Vibration signal s time-frequency analysis and comparisonfor a rotating machinery[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(2):42–45.(in Chinese))
[15]于德介,程军圣,杨宇.机械故障诊断的Hilbert-Huang变换方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:24–46.(YU Dejie,CHENGJunsheng,YANG Yu.Mechanical fault diagnostics based onHilbert-Huang transform[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006:24–46.(inChinese))
[16]李大心.探地雷达方法与应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1994:41–63.(LI Daxin.Method and application of GPR[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,1994:41–63.(in Chinese))
[17]邓世坤.探地雷达野外工作参数选择的基本原则[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(5):323–329.(DENG Shikun.On the basic principlesfor the choice of GPR field survey parameters[J].Chinese Journal ofEngineering Geophysics,2005,2(5):323–329.(in Chinese)
[18]李凡异,狄帮让,魏建新,等.碳酸盐岩溶洞成像宽度的地震物理模型分析[J].石油物探,2011,50(5):425–429.(LI Fanyi,DIBangrang,WEI Jianxin,et al.Seismic physical model analysis of theimaging width of carbonate caves[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2011,50(5):425–429.(in Chinese))
[2]李术才,李树忱,张庆松,等.岩溶裂隙水与不良地质情况超前预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):217–225.(LIShucai,LI Shuchen,ZHANG Qingsong,et al.Forecast of karst-fractured groundwater and defective geological conditions[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):217–225.(in Chinese))
[3]王振宇,程围峰,刘越,等.基于掌子面编录和地质雷达的综合超前预报技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增2):3549–3 557.(WANG Zhenyu,CHENG Weifeng,LIU Yue,et al.Syntheticadvanced forecast technique based on geological logging for tunnelface and ground penetrating radar[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2010,29(Supp.2):3 549–3 557.(in Chinese))
[4]张庆松,李术才,孙克国,等.公路隧道超前地质预报应用现状与技术分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(4):766–771.(ZHANGQingsong,LI Shucai,SUN Keguo,et al.Analysis and present state ofadvanced geological forecast technology of highway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2008,4(4):766–771.(in Chinese))
[5]李天斌,孟陆波,朱劲,等.隧道超前地质预报综合分析方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2429–2436.(LI Tianbin,MENG Lubo,ZHU Jin,et al.Comprehensive analysis method foradvanced forecast of geology in tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2 429–2 436.(in Chinese))
[6]钟世航.陆地声纳法的原理及其在铁路地质勘测和隧道施工中的应用[J].中国铁道科学,1995,16(4):48–55.(ZHONG Shihang.Theprinciple and application of landsonar method in railway geologicalsurvey and tunnel construction[J].China Railway Science,1995,16(4):48–55.(in Chinese))
[7]GABOR D.Theory of communication[J].Journal of the Institution ofElectrical Engineers,1946,93(26):429–457.
[8]余志雄,薛桂玉,周创兵.复信号分析技术及其在地质雷达数字处理中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5):798–802.(YUZhixiong,XUE Guiyu,ZHOU Chuangbing.Application of complexsignal analysis to process ground penetrating radar data[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(5):798–802.(in Chinese))
[9]张华,刘松,张志勇,等.基于探地雷达信号处理的小波基选取研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(3):1115–1121.(ZHANGHua,LIU Song,ZHANG Zhiyong,et al.Study on selection of waveletbasis based on processing of GPR signal[J].Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(3):1 115–1 121.(in Chinese))
[10]张义平,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.基于HHT方法的硐室大爆破震动分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(增1):4784–4789.(ZHANG Yiping,LI Xibing,ZHAO Guoyan,et al.Analysis ofchamber blasting vibration based on HHT method[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.1):4 784–4 789.(in Chinese))
[11]HUANG N E,SHEN Z,LONG S R,et al.The empirical modedecomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society A:Mathematical,Physical and Engineering Sciences,1998,454:903–995.
[12]HUANG N E,SHEN Z,LONG S R.A new view of nonlinear waterwaves:the Hilbert spectrum[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics.1999,31:417–457.
[13]李夕兵,凌同华,张义平.爆破震动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:82–105.(LI Xibing,LING Tonghua,ZHANGYiping.Analysis of blast vibration signals-theories and methods[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009:82–105.(in Chinese))
[14]向玲,唐贵基,胡爱军.旋转机械非平稳振动信号的时频分析比较[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(2):42–45.(XIANG Ling,TANG Guiji,HU Aijun.Vibration signal s time-frequency analysis and comparisonfor a rotating machinery[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(2):42–45.(in Chinese))
[15]于德介,程军圣,杨宇.机械故障诊断的Hilbert-Huang变换方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:24–46.(YU Dejie,CHENGJunsheng,YANG Yu.Mechanical fault diagnostics based onHilbert-Huang transform[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006:24–46.(inChinese))
[16]李大心.探地雷达方法与应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1994:41–63.(LI Daxin.Method and application of GPR[M].Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,1994:41–63.(in Chinese))
[17]邓世坤.探地雷达野外工作参数选择的基本原则[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(5):323–329.(DENG Shikun.On the basic principlesfor the choice of GPR field survey parameters[J].Chinese Journal ofEngineering Geophysics,2005,2(5):323–329.(in Chinese)
[18]李凡异,狄帮让,魏建新,等.碳酸盐岩溶洞成像宽度的地震物理模型分析[J].石油物探,2011,50(5):425–429.(LI Fanyi,DIBangrang,WEI Jianxin,et al.Seismic physical model analysis of theimaging width of carbonate caves[J].Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2011,50(5):425–429.(in Chinese))
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