隧道激发极化法超前探测快速反演研究
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摘要
突(涌)水地质灾害是制约隧道等地下工程建设的瓶颈问题之一,掌子面前方存在多个含水构造的情况普遍存在,对隧道前方多个含水构造的超前探测是亟待解决的难题,基于激发极化法中极化率参数对水体响应敏感的特点,将其引入到隧道前方含水体超前探测研究工作中,从正演理论、反演解释、物理模拟和现场应用等方面入手对激发极化超前预报技术进行了较为深入的研究。首先,推导了隧道掌子面前方多个含水构造激发极化法超前探测的理论解公式,采用等效电阻率法计算视极化率观测数据,为激发极化法超前探测快速反演奠定了基础。其次,基于隧道前方多个含水构造的理论解,提出了利用两个阻尼系数控制步长和搜索方向的思路,解决了传统马奎特方法仅依靠一个阻尼系数很难有效同时控制两个变化因素的矛盾;提出了一种改进的马奎特快速反演方法,同时对视电阻率和激发极化数据进行反演,使之对初始模型参数依赖较小,收敛速度较快,精度较高,并对隧道前方存在多个含水构造模型进行了较为成功的反演。最后,物理模型试验和现场实际应用表明,激发极化法超前探测快速反演方法是行之有效的,为解决隧道多个含水构造超前探测这一难题提供了可行的途径。
Geological hazards such as water inrush have become one of the bottleneck problems for tunnel construction.It's very common that there are many water-bearing structures in front of tunnel face.And advanced detection of many water-bearing structures is a hard problem to be solved.Chargeability as one parameter of induced polarization(IP) is sensitive to water.And IP is introduced into the advanced detection of water-bearing structures in tunnels.IP on the advanced detection is deeply studied from the aspects of forward theory,inversion interpretation,physical simulation and application.Firstly,a theoretical formula for detecting many water-bearing structures is derived.And apparently chargeability data are calculated using the equivalent resistivity method,laying a solid foundation for fast inversion.Secondly,the traditional damping least squares inversion method controls two changing factors using one damping factor,which causes a contradiction.And the idea that two damping factors are used to control step length and search direction is put forward.The improved damping least squares inversion method with little dependence,fast convergence rate and high accuracy is put forward based on theoretical formula.Apparent resistivity and IP data are inversed at the same time.And many models for the water-bearing structures are inversed successfully.Finally,the physical model tests and engineering applications show that IP fast inversion method is efficient in detecting water-bearing structures.And it provides a feasible approach to solving the problem of advanced detection of many water-bearing structures.
Geological hazards such as water inrush have become one of the bottleneck problems for tunnel construction.It's very common that there are many water-bearing structures in front of tunnel face.And advanced detection of many water-bearing structures is a hard problem to be solved.Chargeability as one parameter of induced polarization(IP) is sensitive to water.And IP is introduced into the advanced detection of water-bearing structures in tunnels.IP on the advanced detection is deeply studied from the aspects of forward theory,inversion interpretation,physical simulation and application.Firstly,a theoretical formula for detecting many water-bearing structures is derived.And apparently chargeability data are calculated using the equivalent resistivity method,laying a solid foundation for fast inversion.Secondly,the traditional damping least squares inversion method controls two changing factors using one damping factor,which causes a contradiction.And the idea that two damping factors are used to control step length and search direction is put forward.The improved damping least squares inversion method with little dependence,fast convergence rate and high accuracy is put forward based on theoretical formula.Apparent resistivity and IP data are inversed at the same time.And many models for the water-bearing structures are inversed successfully.Finally,the physical model tests and engineering applications show that IP fast inversion method is efficient in detecting water-bearing structures.And it provides a feasible approach to solving the problem of advanced detection of many water-bearing structures.
引文
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[20]冯思臣,王绪本,阮帅.一维大地电磁测深几种反演算法的比较研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):594–599.(FENG Si-chen,WANG Xu-ben,RUAN Shuai.Comparison among several inversion algorithms of 1D MT[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(5):594–599.(inChinese))
[21]王家映.地球物理反演理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.(WANG Jia-ying.Inverse theory in geophysics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[2]李术才,薛翊国,张庆松,等.高风险岩溶地区隧道施工地质灾害综合预报预警关键技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1297–1307.(LI Shu-cai,XUE Yi-guo,ZHANG Qing-song,et al.Key technology study oncomprehensive prediction and early-warning of geologicalhazards during tunnel construction in high-risk karst areas[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(7):1297–1307.(in Chinese))
[3]王梦恕.对岩溶地区隧道施工水文地质超前预报的意见[J].铁道勘查,2004(1):7–9.(WANG Meng-shu.Hydrologicand geological forecast of tunnel construction in the karstdistrict[J].Railroad Survey,2004(1):7–9.(in Chinese))
[4]李永鸿,徐光黎,杨银湖,等.地震反射波法技术及其在隧道超前地质预报中的应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(10):1180–1184.(LI Yong-hong,XU Guang-li,YANGYin-hu,et al.Application of earthquake refracted wavemethod to geologyical prediction for tunneling[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(10):1180–1184.(in Chinese))
[5]常旭,刘伊克,桂志先.反射地震零偏移距逆时偏移方法用于隧道超前预报[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1482–1488.(CHANG X,LIU Y K,GUI Z X.Zero offset reversetime migration for prediction ahead of tunnel face[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1482–1488.(inChinese))
[6]薛国强,李貅.瞬变电磁隧道超前预报成像技术[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):894–900.(XUE G Q,LI X.Thetechnology of TEM tunnel prediction imaging[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,2008,51(3):894–900.(in Chinese))
[7]李天斌,孟陆波,朱劲,等.隧道超前地质预报综合分析方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2429–2436.(LI Tian-bin,MENG Lu-bo,ZHU Jin,et al.Comprehensiveanalysis method for advanced forecast of geology intunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2009,28(12):2429–2436.(in Chinese))
[8]LAURENT Marescot,REGIS Monnet,DOMINIQUEChapellier.Resistivity and induced polarization surveys forslope instability studies in the Swiss Alps[J].EngineeringGeology,2008,98(2):18–28.
[9]MARTINHO E,ALMEIDA F,MATIAS M J Senos.Anexperimental study of organic pollutant effects on timedomain induced polarization measurements[J].Journal ofApplied Geophysics,2007,60(1):27–40.
[10]FLORSCH Nicolas,LLUBES M,TEREYGEOL F,et al.Quantification of slag heap volumes and masses through theuse of induced polarization:application to the Castel-Miniersite[J].Journal of Archaeological Science,2011,38(2):438–451.
[11]黄俊革,阮百尧,王家林.坑道直流电阻率法超前探测的快速反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):619–624.(HUANG Jun-ge,RUAN Bai-yao,WANG Jia-lin.The fastinversion for advanced detection using DC resistivity intunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(2):619–624.(in Chinese))
[12]刘斌,李术才,李树忱,等.隧道含水构造直流电阻率法超前探测研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(10):3093–3101.(LIU Bin,LI Shu-cai,LI Shu-chen,et al.Study of advanceddetection of water-bearing geological structures with DCresistivity method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(10):3093–3101.(in Chinese))
[13]刘斌,李术才,李树忱,等.基于预条件共轭梯度法的直流电阻率三维有限元正演研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(12):1846–1853.(LIU Bin,LI Shu-cai,LI Shu-chen,et al.3D FEM numerical modeling of direct current electricalresistivity with FEM based on PCG algorithm[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(12):1846–1853.(in Chinese))
[14]阮百尧,村上裕,徐世浙.激发极化数据的最小二乘二维反演方法[J].地球科学,1999,24(6):619–624.(RUANBai-yao,MURAKAMI Y,XU Shi-zhe.Least square 2_Dinversion method for induced polarization data[J].EarthScience,1999,24(6):619–624.(in Chinese))
[15]OLDENBURG D W,LI Y.Inversion of induced polarizat iondata[J].Geophysics,1994,59(9):1327–1341.
[16]LI Y,OLDENBURG D W.3-D inversion of inducedpolarization data[J].Geophysics,2000,65(6):1931–1945.
[17]WELLER A,FRANGOS W,SEICHTER M.Three-dimensional inversion of induced polarization datafrom simulated waste[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics 2000,44:67–83.
[18]吴小平.利用共轭梯度方法的激发极化三维快速反演[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(5):62–64.(WU Xiao-ping.Rapid 3-D inversion of induced polarization data usingconjugate gradient method[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(5):62–64.(in Chinese))
[19]岳建华,刘树才.矿井直流电法勘探[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000.(YUE Jian-hua,LIU Shu-cai.Underground mine electrical prospecting[M].Xuzhou:ChinaUniversity of Mining and Technlogy Press,2000.(inChinese))
[20]冯思臣,王绪本,阮帅.一维大地电磁测深几种反演算法的比较研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):594–599.(FENG Si-chen,WANG Xu-ben,RUAN Shuai.Comparison among several inversion algorithms of 1D MT[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(5):594–599.(inChinese))
[21]王家映.地球物理反演理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.(WANG Jia-ying.Inverse theory in geophysics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.(in Chinese))
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