基于差异进化算法的爆破震速参数识别与优化
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摘要
爆破震动衰减特性研究通常采用经典的萨道夫斯基公式实现。如何根据不同爆破条件合理选择公式中的场地系数K和衰减指数α是确定爆破控制参数的关键。实际工程分析中,通常采用可监测参数反演识别方法获取K和α值。以大连地铁2号线201标段接收井横通道爆破作业为背景,基于差异进化(DE)算法中缩放因子F和交叉概率Cr贡献值的合理选择,研究萨道夫斯基公式K和α的反演问题。首先,通过对算法中F和Cr不同取值对萨道夫斯基公式计算结果的影响分析,得到各向震速条件下收敛最小的F和Cr值;然后,根据F和Cr取值反演K和α参数。工程实践表明,基于DE算法反演识别得到的K和α值代入萨道夫斯基公式,计算得到的垂向、纬向、经向速度及合速度与实测速度变化趋势一致,并处在合理误差范围之内。
The blasting vibration decay characteristics are usually studied with classical Sadaovski formula.It is the key point to confirm the blasting vibration parameters that how to select the field coefficient K and the decay coefficient α with reason under the different blasting conditions.In practical engineering analysis,the method of the monitoring parameters inversion recognition can be applied to gain K and α.taking the blasting operation of the access shaft cross aisle,which is at No.201 section in No.2 line of Dalian Metro,as an example,basing on the contribution values selection of the scaling factor F and the probability of crossover Cr in DE algorithm,the parameter recognition of K and α of Sadovsk formula was discussed.Firstly,according to the analysis on influence of different F and Cr values selection in DE algorithm on Sadavsk calculation results,the least convergence values of F and Cr were calculated under the different vibration velocities condition of each direction.And then,the values of K and α were recognized based on the selected values of F and Cr.The project practice shows that the variation trends of the vertical velocity,the latitudinal velocity,the meridional velocity and the resultant velocity are in accord with the measured velocity,and the errors are in a reasonable extent.
The blasting vibration decay characteristics are usually studied with classical Sadaovski formula.It is the key point to confirm the blasting vibration parameters that how to select the field coefficient K and the decay coefficient α with reason under the different blasting conditions.In practical engineering analysis,the method of the monitoring parameters inversion recognition can be applied to gain K and α.taking the blasting operation of the access shaft cross aisle,which is at No.201 section in No.2 line of Dalian Metro,as an example,basing on the contribution values selection of the scaling factor F and the probability of crossover Cr in DE algorithm,the parameter recognition of K and α of Sadovsk formula was discussed.Firstly,according to the analysis on influence of different F and Cr values selection in DE algorithm on Sadavsk calculation results,the least convergence values of F and Cr were calculated under the different vibration velocities condition of each direction.And then,the values of K and α were recognized based on the selected values of F and Cr.The project practice shows that the variation trends of the vertical velocity,the latitudinal velocity,the meridional velocity and the resultant velocity are in accord with the measured velocity,and the errors are in a reasonable extent.
引文
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[2]GB6722—2011,爆破安全规程[S].GB6722-2011,Safety Regulations for Blasting Practices[S].
[3]叶洲元,周志华.爆破震动安全距离的优化计算[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,15(3):57-61.YE Zhou-yuan,ZHOU Zhi-hua.Optimized calculation for safe distance of blasting vibration[J].China Safety ScienceJournal,2005,15(3):57-61.
[4]毕明芽,李名山,刘朝红.爆破地震预测误差的因素分析[J].爆破,2009,26(2):96-98.BI Ming-ya,LI Ming-shan,LIU Zhao-hong.Analysis of forecasting error for blasting vibration[J].Blasting,2009,26(2):96-98.
[5]姚锦宝,夏禾,陈建国.运行列车对附近建筑物振动影响的试验研究和数值分析[J].中国铁道科学,2009,30(5):129-134.YAO Jin-bao,XIA He,CHEN Jian-guo.Experimental study and numerical analysis of the vibration impact induced bymoving trains on nearby buildings[J].China Rai1way Science,2009,30(5):129-134.
[6]冯夏庭.智能岩石力学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:272-276.FENG Xia-ting.Introduction to Intelligent Rock Mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:272-276.
[7]Wittke W,Pierau B.Foundations for the design and construction of tunnel in swelling rock[C].Proceedings of the 4thInternational Congress on Rock Mechanics.Montreux:AIME,1979:216-219.
[8]Feng X T,Hudson J A.Integrated analysis approaches to rock mechanics problems[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Engineering,2002,21(11):1 702-1 707.
[9]Oreste P.Back analysis techniques for the improvement of the understanding of rock in underground constructions[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2005,20(1):7-21.
[10]Tezuka M,Seoka T.Latest technology of underground rock cavern excavation in Japan[J].Tunneling and UndergroundSpace Technology,2003,18(2/3):127-144.
[11]杨志法,王思敬,冯紫良.岩土工程反分析原理及应用[M].北京:地震出版社,2002:156-161.YANG Zhi-fa,WANG Si-jing,FENG Zi-liang.The Back Analysis Principle and Application of Rock and SoilEngineering[M].Beijing:Seismic Press,2002:156-161.
[12]StornR,PriceK.Differential Evolution-a simple and efficient heuristic method for global optimization over continuousspaces[J].Journal of Global Optimization,1997,11(4):341-359.
[13]Mendes R,Mohair A S.DynDE:a differential evolution for dynamic optimization problems[C].2005 IEEE Congress onEvolutionary Computation.New York:IEEE,2005:2 808-2 815.
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