岩溶隧道突涌水危险性评价的属性识别模型及其工程应用
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摘要
岩溶突涌水是岩溶地区隧道建设中的主要地质灾害之一,为有效控制岩溶隧道突水涌泥风险、确保隧道建设安全,基于属性数学理论建立了岩溶隧道突涌水危险性评价的属性识别模型。首先,根据隧址区岩溶水文地质及工程地质条件,选取地层岩性、不良地质、地下水位、地形地貌、岩层产状、可溶岩与非可溶岩接触带及层间与层间裂隙等作为属性评价的一级指标,其中不良地质情况分为含水构造、岩溶水系统和断层破碎带3个二级指标。通过对典型岩溶隧道突涌水实例的系统收集与整理分析,采用频数统计法确定一级评价指标所占权重;采用层次分析法构造判断矩阵确定二级评价指标的权重;其次,对评价指标进行属性测度分析,通过构建各评价指标的属性测度函数以计算单指标属性测度及样本综合属性测度;最后应用置信度准则对隧道突涌水危险性进行属性识别。在工程应用中,采用建立的属性识别模型对三峡翻坝高速公路鸡公岭隧道突涌水危险性进行评价,评价结果与现场施工情况吻合较好,为岩溶隧道突涌水危险性评价提供了一种有效途径。
Water inrush is one of the typical geological hazards during tunnel construction in karst area;an attribute recognition model of water inrush risk evaluation is established based on attribute mathematic theory in order to control the water inrush risk and guarantee tunnel construction’s safety.Firstly,formation lithology,unfavorable geology,groundwater level,topography and geomorphology,contact zone of dissolvable and insoluble rocks,layer and interlayer fissures are selected as first grade indices of attribute recognition by considering of karst hydrologic and engineering geological conditions;and the unfavorable geology is divided into water-bearing structure,karst water system and fault fracture zone as second grade indices.The weights of first grade indices are determined by frequency statistic method through collecting and collating information of typical water inrush examples of karst tunnels;and the weights of second grade indices are determined by judgment matrix established by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Then attribute measurement functions are rigorously constructed to compute attribute measurement of single index and synthetic attribute measurement.Lately,the identification and classification of risk assessment of water inrush in tunnels are recognized by the confidence criterion.The water inrush risk of Jigongling tunnel on the line of Fanba expressway is evaluated based on the established attribute recognition model;and the evaluation result agrees well with construction situation,so as to provide an effective method for water inrush risk evaluation of karst tunnels.
Water inrush is one of the typical geological hazards during tunnel construction in karst area;an attribute recognition model of water inrush risk evaluation is established based on attribute mathematic theory in order to control the water inrush risk and guarantee tunnel construction’s safety.Firstly,formation lithology,unfavorable geology,groundwater level,topography and geomorphology,contact zone of dissolvable and insoluble rocks,layer and interlayer fissures are selected as first grade indices of attribute recognition by considering of karst hydrologic and engineering geological conditions;and the unfavorable geology is divided into water-bearing structure,karst water system and fault fracture zone as second grade indices.The weights of first grade indices are determined by frequency statistic method through collecting and collating information of typical water inrush examples of karst tunnels;and the weights of second grade indices are determined by judgment matrix established by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Then attribute measurement functions are rigorously constructed to compute attribute measurement of single index and synthetic attribute measurement.Lately,the identification and classification of risk assessment of water inrush in tunnels are recognized by the confidence criterion.The water inrush risk of Jigongling tunnel on the line of Fanba expressway is evaluated based on the established attribute recognition model;and the evaluation result agrees well with construction situation,so as to provide an effective method for water inrush risk evaluation of karst tunnels.
引文
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[13]程乾生.属性集和属性综合评价系统[J].系统工程理论与实践,1997,17(9):1-8.CHENG Qian-sheng.Attribute sets and attribute syntheticassessment system[J].Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice,1997,17(9):1-8.
[14]文畅平.隧道瓦斯突出危险性评价的属性识别模型与实例[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(8):1322-1328.WEN Chang-ping.Attribute recognition model and itsapplication of fatalness assessment of gas burst intunnel[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1322-1328.
[15]文畅平.基于属性数学理论的岩体质量分级方法[J].水利发电学报,2008,27(3):75-80.WEN Chang-ping.Classification of rockmass stabilitybased on attributive mathematical theory[J].Journal ofHydroelectric Engineering,2008,27(3):75-80.
[16]文畅平,杨果林.基于属性数学理论的岩土边坡地震稳定性评价[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(5):8-14.WEN Chang-ping,YANG Guo-lin.The seismic stabilityevaluation of the rock and soil slope based on the attributemathematical theory[J].China Railway Science,2010,31(5):8-14.
[17]文畅平.属性综合评价系统在岩爆发生和烈度分级中的应用[J].工程力学,2008,25(6):153-158.WEN Chang-ping.Application of attribute syntheticevaluation system in prediction of possibility andclassification of rock burst[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(6):153-158.
[18]邓云叶.应用属性数学理论的采空区地基稳定性评价[J].测绘科学,2011,36(4):48-49.DENG Yun-ye.Assessment of goaf foundation stabilitybased on attribute mathematical theory[J].Science ofSurveying and Mapping,2011,36(4):48-49.
[19]张强,刘克,高自友.属性综合评价系统在城市交通规划中的应用[J].系统工程理论与实践,2002,22(6):113-120.ZHANG Qiang,LIU Ke,GAO Zi-you.An application ofattribute synthetic evaluation system in urban trafficplanning[J].System Engineering—Theory&Practice,2002,22(6):113-120.
[20]葛颜慧.岩溶隧道突水风险评价与预警机制研究[D].济南:山东大学,2010.
[21]沈祥明,刘坡拉,汪继锋.基于层次分析法的铁路岩溶隧道突水风险评价[J].铁道工程学报,2010,12:56-63.SHEN Xiang-ming,LIU Po-la,WANG Ji-feng.Evaluation of water inrush risks of karst tunnel withanalysis hierarchy process[J].Journal of RailwayEngineering Society,2010,12:56-63.
[22]王东.武广线韶关段某岩溶隧道涌(突)水量预测及对施工影响评价[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.
[23]许振浩,李术才,李利平,等.基于风险动态评估与控制的岩溶隧道施工许可机制[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(11):1715-1725.XU Zhen-hao,LI Shu-cai,LI Li-ping,et al.Constructionpermit mechanism of karst tunnels based on dynamicassessment and management of risk[J].Chinese Journalof Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(11):1715-1725.
[24]张旭东.深部岩溶隧道溃水成灾机理及其工程处治技术研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.
[25]SAATY T L.How to make a decision:The analytichierarchy process[J].European Journal of OperationalResearch,1990,48(1):9-26.
[26]李术才,刘斌,李树忱,等.基于激发极化法的隧道含水地质构造超前探测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1297-1309.LI Shu-cai,LIU Bin,LI Shu-chen,et al.Study ofadvanced detection for tunnel water bearing geologicalstructures with induced polarization method[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(7):1297-1309.
[2]张庆松,李术才,韩宏伟,等.岩溶隧道施工风险评价与突水灾害防治技术研究[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2009,39(3):106-110.ZHANG Qing-song,LI Shu-cai,HAN Hong-wei,et al.Study of risk evaluation and water inrush disasterpreventing technology during construction of karsttunnels[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2009,39(3):106-110.
[3]李利平,李术才,陈军,等.基于岩溶突涌水风险评价的隧道施工许可机制及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1345-1354.LI Li-ping,LI Shu-cai,CHEN Jun,et al.Constructionlicense mechanism and its application based on karstwater inrush risk evaluation[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2011,30(7):1345-1354.
[4]许振浩,李术才,李利平,等.基于层次分析法的岩溶隧道突水突泥风险评估[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1757-1765.XU Zhen-hao,LI Shu-cai,LI Li-ping,et al.Riskassessment of water or mud inrush of karst tunnels basedon analytic hierarchy process[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2011,32(6):1757-1765.
[5]匡星,白明洲,王成亮,等.基于模糊评价方法的隧道岩溶突水地质灾害综合预警方法[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(11):100-103.KUANG Xing,BAI Ming-zhou,WANG Cheng-liang,et al.Research of comprehensive warning of water inrushhazards in karst tunnel based on fuzzy evolutionmethod[J].Journal of Highway and TransportationResearch and Development,2010,27(11):100-103.
[6]毛邦燕,许模,蒋良文.隧道岩溶突水、突泥危险性评价初探[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(2):183-189.MAO Bang-yan,XU Mo,JIANG Liang-wen.Preliminary study of risk assessment of water and mud inrush in karsttunnel[J].Carsologica Sinica,2010,29(2):183-189.
[7]韩行瑞.岩溶隧道涌水及其专家评判系统[J].中国岩溶,2004,23(3):213-218.HAN Xing-rui.Karst water bursting in tunnel and expertjudging system[J].Carsologica Sinica,2004,23(3):213-218.
[8]叶志华,韩行瑞,张高明,等.隧道岩溶涌水专家评判系统在朱家岩隧道涌水预报中的应用[J].中国岩溶,2006,25(2):139-145.YE Zhi-hua,HAN Xing-rui,ZHANG Gao-ming,et al.Application of expert’s judging system in predicting karstwater bursting in Zhujiayan tunnel[J].Carsologica Sinica,2006,25(2):139-145.
[9]杜毓超,韩行瑞,李兆林.基于AHP的岩溶隧道涌水专家评判系统及其应用[J].中国岩溶,2009,28(3):281-287.DU Yu-chao,HAN Xing-rui,LI Zhao-lin.Professionalevaluating system for karst tunnel gushing based on AHPand its application[J].Carsologica Sinica,2009,28(3):281-287.
[10]杨春玲.基于属性数学的综合评价模型[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008.
[11]程乾生.属性识别理论模型及其应用[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),1997,33(1):12-20.CHENG Qian-sheng.Attribute recognition theoreticalmodel with application[J].Acta Scientiarum NaturaliumUniversitatis Pekinensis,1997,33(1):12-20.
[12]程乾生.质量评价的属性数学模型和模糊数学模型[J].数理统计与管理,1997,16(6):18-23.CHENG Qian-sheng.Attribute mathematical model andfuzzy mathematical model for quality assessment[J].Application of Statistics and Management,1997,16(6):18-23.
[13]程乾生.属性集和属性综合评价系统[J].系统工程理论与实践,1997,17(9):1-8.CHENG Qian-sheng.Attribute sets and attribute syntheticassessment system[J].Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice,1997,17(9):1-8.
[14]文畅平.隧道瓦斯突出危险性评价的属性识别模型与实例[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(8):1322-1328.WEN Chang-ping.Attribute recognition model and itsapplication of fatalness assessment of gas burst intunnel[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1322-1328.
[15]文畅平.基于属性数学理论的岩体质量分级方法[J].水利发电学报,2008,27(3):75-80.WEN Chang-ping.Classification of rockmass stabilitybased on attributive mathematical theory[J].Journal ofHydroelectric Engineering,2008,27(3):75-80.
[16]文畅平,杨果林.基于属性数学理论的岩土边坡地震稳定性评价[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(5):8-14.WEN Chang-ping,YANG Guo-lin.The seismic stabilityevaluation of the rock and soil slope based on the attributemathematical theory[J].China Railway Science,2010,31(5):8-14.
[17]文畅平.属性综合评价系统在岩爆发生和烈度分级中的应用[J].工程力学,2008,25(6):153-158.WEN Chang-ping.Application of attribute syntheticevaluation system in prediction of possibility andclassification of rock burst[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(6):153-158.
[18]邓云叶.应用属性数学理论的采空区地基稳定性评价[J].测绘科学,2011,36(4):48-49.DENG Yun-ye.Assessment of goaf foundation stabilitybased on attribute mathematical theory[J].Science ofSurveying and Mapping,2011,36(4):48-49.
[19]张强,刘克,高自友.属性综合评价系统在城市交通规划中的应用[J].系统工程理论与实践,2002,22(6):113-120.ZHANG Qiang,LIU Ke,GAO Zi-you.An application ofattribute synthetic evaluation system in urban trafficplanning[J].System Engineering—Theory&Practice,2002,22(6):113-120.
[20]葛颜慧.岩溶隧道突水风险评价与预警机制研究[D].济南:山东大学,2010.
[21]沈祥明,刘坡拉,汪继锋.基于层次分析法的铁路岩溶隧道突水风险评价[J].铁道工程学报,2010,12:56-63.SHEN Xiang-ming,LIU Po-la,WANG Ji-feng.Evaluation of water inrush risks of karst tunnel withanalysis hierarchy process[J].Journal of RailwayEngineering Society,2010,12:56-63.
[22]王东.武广线韶关段某岩溶隧道涌(突)水量预测及对施工影响评价[D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.
[23]许振浩,李术才,李利平,等.基于风险动态评估与控制的岩溶隧道施工许可机制[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(11):1715-1725.XU Zhen-hao,LI Shu-cai,LI Li-ping,et al.Constructionpermit mechanism of karst tunnels based on dynamicassessment and management of risk[J].Chinese Journalof Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(11):1715-1725.
[24]张旭东.深部岩溶隧道溃水成灾机理及其工程处治技术研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.
[25]SAATY T L.How to make a decision:The analytichierarchy process[J].European Journal of OperationalResearch,1990,48(1):9-26.
[26]李术才,刘斌,李树忱,等.基于激发极化法的隧道含水地质构造超前探测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1297-1309.LI Shu-cai,LIU Bin,LI Shu-chen,et al.Study ofadvanced detection for tunnel water bearing geologicalstructures with induced polarization method[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(7):1297-1309.
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