高性能泡沫混凝土隧道隔震材料研究
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摘要
基于泡沫混凝土作为隧道隔震材料在力学性能上的要求,开展了影响泡沫混凝土隔震性能的九因素四水平正交试验,通过正交试验得到了影响泡沫混凝土隔震性能的主要因素及各组分的最佳配合比,并研制得到了一种高性能泡沫混凝土。静力与动力试验结果表明该高性能泡沫混凝土的强度、延性、防水性能较普通泡沫混凝土都有明显改善。同时,为验证其作为隧道隔震层的减震效果,将其运用于西藏嘎隆拉隧道洞口段的抗震计算中。数值计算结果显示高性能泡沫混凝土可以有效降低隧道衬砌单元的应力及塑性破坏区的大小,从而证明其具有良好的隔震性能。综合考虑高性能泡沫混凝土的隔震性能与经济性,研究成果对高烈度区隧道的抗震设计有较好的借鉴意义。
Protecting the lining of the tunnel with high intensity by coating materials is an effective way to reduce seismic damage.In order to produce a type of economical and reliable seismic-isolation material,an orthogonal experiment on foam concrete is performed.The main factors influencing the seismic-isolation property and the optimum mixture ratio of foam concrete are obtained,and a new type of high-performance foam concrete is developed.The static and dynamic tests results show that the strength,ductility and watertightness of the foam concrete are significantly improved.Besides,in order to check its seismic-isolation property,the high-performance foam concrete as filling materials of Galongla tunnel in Tibet is simulated by FEM.The simulated results show the high-performance foam concrete can remarkably decrease the stress and the plastic zone in final lining,so it can effectively reduce the seismic damage of the tunnel.Considering the seismic-isolation property and low price of high-performance foam concrete,it is a good reference for the anti-seismic design of tunnels in high intensity zone.
Protecting the lining of the tunnel with high intensity by coating materials is an effective way to reduce seismic damage.In order to produce a type of economical and reliable seismic-isolation material,an orthogonal experiment on foam concrete is performed.The main factors influencing the seismic-isolation property and the optimum mixture ratio of foam concrete are obtained,and a new type of high-performance foam concrete is developed.The static and dynamic tests results show that the strength,ductility and watertightness of the foam concrete are significantly improved.Besides,in order to check its seismic-isolation property,the high-performance foam concrete as filling materials of Galongla tunnel in Tibet is simulated by FEM.The simulated results show the high-performance foam concrete can remarkably decrease the stress and the plastic zone in final lining,so it can effectively reduce the seismic damage of the tunnel.Considering the seismic-isolation property and low price of high-performance foam concrete,it is a good reference for the anti-seismic design of tunnels in high intensity zone.
引文
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[17]Hibbitt,Karlsson and Sorensen,Inc.ABAQUS theory manualand analysis user s manual[R].Pawtucket.Hibbitt:Karlssonand Sorensen,Inc,2002.
[2]KONTOE S,ZDRAVKOVIC L,POTTS D M,et al.Casestudy on seismic tunnel response[J].Canadian GeotechnicalJournal,2008,45(12):1743–1764.
[3]陈正勋,王泰典,黄灿辉.山岭隧道受震损害类型与原因之案例研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(1):45–57.(CHEN Cheng-hsun,WANG Tai-tien,HUANG Tsan-hwei.Case study of earthquake-induced damage patterns of rocktunnel and associated reason[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2011,30(1):45–57.(inChinese))
[4]LI Tian-bin.Damage to mountain tunnels related to theWenchuan earthquake and some suggestions for aseismictunnel construction[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology andthe Environment,2012,71(2):297–308.
[5]DOWDING CH,ROZEN A.Damage to rock tunnels fromearthquake shaking[J].Journal of the GeotechnicalEngineering Division,1978,104(2):175–191.
[6]SHARMA S,JUDD W R.Underground opening damage fromearthquakes[J].Engineering Geology,1991,30(3/4):263–276.
[7]高峰,石玉成,严松宏,等.隧道的两种减震措施研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(2):222–229.(GAO Feng,SHI Yu-cheng,YAN Song-hong,et al.Study of two shockabsorption measures in tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2005,24(2):222–229.(inChinese))
[8]凌燕婷,高波.高烈度地震区双线公路隧道减震措施研究[J].隧道建设,2008,28(4):412–415.(LING Yan-ting,GAO Bo.Study on shock absorption measures fordouble-lane highway tunnels in high earthquake intensityregions[J].Tunnel Construction,2008,28(4):412–415.(inChinese))
[9]王明年,崔光耀.高烈度地震区隧道减震模型的建立及其减震效果模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(6):1884–1890.(WANG Ming-nian,CUI Guang-yao.Establishment oftunnel damping model and research on damping effect withmodel test in highly seismic area[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2010,31(6):1884–1890.(in Chinese))
[10]王明年,崔光耀.高烈度地震区隧道设置减震层的减震原理研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(8):126–131.(WANGMing-nian,CUI Guang-yao.Study of the mechanism ofshock absorption layer in the supporting system of tunnels inhighly seismic areas[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(8):126–131.(in Chinese))
[11]张磊,杨鼎宜.轻质泡沫混凝土的研究及应用现状[J].混凝土,2005(8):44–48.(ZHANG Lei,YANG Ding-yi.State of study and application of lightweight foam concrete[J].Concrete,2005(8):44–48.(in Chinese))
[12]蒋晓曙,李莽.泡沫混凝土的制备工艺及研究进展[J].混凝土,2012(1):142–144.(JIANG Xiao-shu,LI Mang.Preparation technology and research progress of foamconcrete[J].Concrete,2012(1):142–144.(in Chinese))
[13]ZHAO J,LI HB,WU MB,et al.Dynamic uniaxialcompression tests on granite[J].International Journal of RockMechanics and Mining Sciences,1999,36(2):273–277.
[14]LI H B,ZHAO J,LI T J.Triaxial compression tests of agranite at different strain rates and confining pressures[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and MiningSciences,1999,36(8):1057–1063.
[15]GIBSON L J,ASHBY M F.The mechanics ofthree-dimensional cellular materials[J].Proceedings of theRoyal Society of London.Series A,Mathematical andphysical Sciences,1982,382(1782):43–59.
[16]MAITI S K,GIBSON L J,ASHBY M F.Deformation andenergy absorption diagrams for cellular solids[J].ActaMetallurgica,1984,32(11):1963–1975.
[17]Hibbitt,Karlsson and Sorensen,Inc.ABAQUS theory manualand analysis user s manual[R].Pawtucket.Hibbitt:Karlssonand Sorensen,Inc,2002.
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