竖向配预应力钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震性能研究综述
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摘要
竖向配预应力筋钢筋混凝土桥墩(PRC桥墩)在桥梁工程中具有广阔的应用前景。总结了PRC桥墩产生以来国内外学者的主要研究成果,并对其抗震能力进行了系统的归纳和分析,主要包括预加压力、预应力筋用量、预应力度、预应力筋位置等因素对PRC桥墩残余变形、屈服后侧向刚度、水平承载力、耗能能力等抗震性能的影响。表明预应力筋的配置可有效减少残余变形、控制裂缝发展,并提高结构的屈服后刚度。PRC桥墩中的普通纵筋是保证桥墩延性耗能能力的关键,但配筋率应保持在合理范围内。
Vertically prestressed reinforced concrete(PRC) bridge piers have a wide application prospect in bridge engineering.Based on the review of the researches on seismic behavior of PRC bridge piers at home and abroad,some important findings on the seismic behavior of PRC bridge piers were introduced and summarized,including the influence of prestressing force,the amount and location of prestressing tendon and the prestressing ratio on the residual deformation,the lateral stiffness after yielding,horizontal carrying capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the PRC bridge piers.It is found that the prestressing tendon would reduce the residual deformation,delay the concrete cracking development and improve the lateral stiffness of the pier after yielding.The longitudinal reinforcement plays an important role in the energy dissipation capacity of the pier,ensuring the ratio of reinforcement in a reasonable range.
Vertically prestressed reinforced concrete(PRC) bridge piers have a wide application prospect in bridge engineering.Based on the review of the researches on seismic behavior of PRC bridge piers at home and abroad,some important findings on the seismic behavior of PRC bridge piers were introduced and summarized,including the influence of prestressing force,the amount and location of prestressing tendon and the prestressing ratio on the residual deformation,the lateral stiffness after yielding,horizontal carrying capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the PRC bridge piers.It is found that the prestressing tendon would reduce the residual deformation,delay the concrete cracking development and improve the lateral stiffness of the pier after yielding.The longitudinal reinforcement plays an important role in the energy dissipation capacity of the pier,ensuring the ratio of reinforcement in a reasonable range.
引文
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[5]Kowalsky M J,Priestley M J N,Macrae G A.Displacement-based design of RC bridge columns in seismic regions[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1995,24(12):1623-1643
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[7]Sun Zhiguo,Si Bingjun,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Experimental research and finite element analysis of bridge piers failed in flexure-shear modes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,7(4):403-414.
[8]Fujino Y,Hashimoto S,Abe M.Damage analysis of hanshin expressway viaducts during 1995 Kobe earthquake.I:Residual inclination of rein-forced concrete piers[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2005,10(1):45-53.
[9]Lee W K,Billington S L.Modeling residual displacements of concrete bridge columns under earthquake loads using fiber elements[J].Journal ofBridge Engineering,ASCE,2010,15(3):240-249.
[10]孙治国,王东升,郭迅,等.汶川大地震绵竹市回澜立交桥震害调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):132-138.
[11]王东升,孙治国,李晓莉,等.汶川大地震曲线梁桥震害及破坏机理分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(5):572-579.
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[13]王志强,葛继平,魏红一,等.节段拼装桥墩抗震性能研究进展[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):147-154.
[14]刘丰,魏红一,王志强.PRC桥墩抗震性能研究现状和展望[J].结构工程师,2007,23(5):48-51.
[15]王志强,葛继平,魏红一.东海大桥预应力混凝土桥墩抗震性能分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学板),2008,36(11):1462-1466.
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[17]Kwan W P,Billington S L.Unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge piers.II:Seismic analyses[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2003,8(2):102-111.
[18]Ikeda,S.Seismic behavior of reinforced concrete columns and improvement by vertical prestressing[C]//Proceeding of the 13th FIP Congress onChallenges for Concrete in the Next Millennium.Balkema,Rotterdam,The Netherlands,1998:879-884.
[19]Zatar W A,Mutsuyoshi H.Residual displacements of concrete bridge piers subjected to near field earthquakes[J].ACI Structural Journal,2002,99(6):740-749.
[20]Zatar W A,Mutsuyoshi A H.Reduced residual displacements of partially prestressed concrete bridge piers[C]//Proceeding of the 12th WorldConference on Earthquake Engineering.Auckland,New Zealand,2000:1-8.
[21]Iemura,H,Takahashi Y,Sogabe N.Development of unbonded bar reinforced concrete structure[C]//Proceeding of the 13th World Conferenceon Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver,B.C.,Canada,2004:1-15.
[22]Sakai,J,Mahin S A.Mitigation of residual displacements of circular reinforced concrete bridge columns[C]//Proceeding of the 13th WorldConference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver,B.C.,Canada,2004:1-13.
[23]Sakai J,Mahin S A.Analytical investigations of new methods for reducing residual displacements of reinforced concrete bridge columns[R].Pa-cific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,College of Engineering,University of California,Berkeley,2004.
[24]Mahin S,Sakai J,Jeong H.Use of partially prestressed reinforced concrete columns to reduce post-earthquake residual displacements of bridges[C]//Proceeding of the Fifth National Seismic Conference on Bridges&Highways,San Francisco,CA,2006:1-12.
[25]Ou Y C,Chiewanichakorn M,Aref A J,et al.Seismic performance of segmental precast unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2007,133(11):1636-1647.
[26]Wang J C,Ou Y C,Chang KC,et al.Large-scale seismic tests of tall concrete bridge columns with precast segmental construction[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2008,37(2):1449-1465.
[27]Ou Y C,Wang P H,Tsai M S,et al.Large-scale experimental study of precast segmental unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge columns forseismic regions[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,136(3):255-264.
[28]Kim T H,Lee H M,Kim Y J,et al.Performance assessment of precast concrete segmental bridge columns with shear resistant connecting struc-ture[J].Engineering Structures,2010,32(5):1292-1303.
[29]陈兴冲,虞庐松,田琪,等.拼装式双柱桥墩梁-柱接头抗震能力的评估[J].兰州铁道学院学报,1998,17(1):6-10.
[30]田琪,陈兴冲,朱东生,等.拼装式桥墩接头的承载能力与滞回特性的试验研究[J].工程力学,1999,16(2):107-113.
[31]葛继平,魏红一,王志强.循环荷载作用下预制拼装桥墩抗震性能分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(7):894-899.
[32]葛继平,王志强,魏红一.干接缝节段拼装桥墩抗震分析的纤维模型模拟方法[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(3):52-57.
[33]葛继平,王志强.干接缝节段拼装桥墩集中塑性铰模型的地震响应分析[J].工程力学,2010,27(8):185-190.
[34]高婧,葛继平,林铁良.干接缝节段拼装桥墩拟静力试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):211-216.
[35]葛继平,王志强.干接缝节段拼装桥墩振动台试验研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(9):122-128.
[36]张荣,苏小卒.竖向加预应力钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(12):1578-1582.
[37]叶列平,林旭川,汪训流.预应力混凝土结构的自复位性能与抗震性能[C].第十四届全国混凝土及预应力混凝土学术会议,长沙,2007.
[38]汪训流.配置高强钢绞线无粘结筋混凝土柱复位性能的研究[D].北京:清华大学,2008
[2]孙治国,王东升,郭迅,等.钢筋混凝土墩柱等效塑性铰长度研究[J].中国公路学报,2011,24(5):56-64.
[3]熊朝晖,潘德恩.钢筋混凝土框架柱侧向变形能力的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(2):103-108
[4]Saatcioglu M,Razvi S R.Displacement-based design of reinforced concrete columns for confinement[J].ACI Structural Journal,2002,99(1):3-11
[5]Kowalsky M J,Priestley M J N,Macrae G A.Displacement-based design of RC bridge columns in seismic regions[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1995,24(12):1623-1643
[6]Lehman D,Moehle J,Mahin S,et al.Experimental evaluation of the seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge columns[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,ASCE,2004,130(6):869-879.
[7]Sun Zhiguo,Si Bingjun,Wang Dongsheng,et al.Experimental research and finite element analysis of bridge piers failed in flexure-shear modes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,7(4):403-414.
[8]Fujino Y,Hashimoto S,Abe M.Damage analysis of hanshin expressway viaducts during 1995 Kobe earthquake.I:Residual inclination of rein-forced concrete piers[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2005,10(1):45-53.
[9]Lee W K,Billington S L.Modeling residual displacements of concrete bridge columns under earthquake loads using fiber elements[J].Journal ofBridge Engineering,ASCE,2010,15(3):240-249.
[10]孙治国,王东升,郭迅,等.汶川大地震绵竹市回澜立交桥震害调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):132-138.
[11]王东升,孙治国,李晓莉,等.汶川大地震曲线梁桥震害及破坏机理分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(5):572-579.
[12]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387.
[13]王志强,葛继平,魏红一,等.节段拼装桥墩抗震性能研究进展[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):147-154.
[14]刘丰,魏红一,王志强.PRC桥墩抗震性能研究现状和展望[J].结构工程师,2007,23(5):48-51.
[15]王志强,葛继平,魏红一.东海大桥预应力混凝土桥墩抗震性能分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学板),2008,36(11):1462-1466.
[16]Kwan W P,Billington S L.Unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge piers.I:Monotonic and cyclic analyses[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2003,8(2):92-101.
[17]Kwan W P,Billington S L.Unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge piers.II:Seismic analyses[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2003,8(2):102-111.
[18]Ikeda,S.Seismic behavior of reinforced concrete columns and improvement by vertical prestressing[C]//Proceeding of the 13th FIP Congress onChallenges for Concrete in the Next Millennium.Balkema,Rotterdam,The Netherlands,1998:879-884.
[19]Zatar W A,Mutsuyoshi H.Residual displacements of concrete bridge piers subjected to near field earthquakes[J].ACI Structural Journal,2002,99(6):740-749.
[20]Zatar W A,Mutsuyoshi A H.Reduced residual displacements of partially prestressed concrete bridge piers[C]//Proceeding of the 12th WorldConference on Earthquake Engineering.Auckland,New Zealand,2000:1-8.
[21]Iemura,H,Takahashi Y,Sogabe N.Development of unbonded bar reinforced concrete structure[C]//Proceeding of the 13th World Conferenceon Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver,B.C.,Canada,2004:1-15.
[22]Sakai,J,Mahin S A.Mitigation of residual displacements of circular reinforced concrete bridge columns[C]//Proceeding of the 13th WorldConference on Earthquake Engineering.Vancouver,B.C.,Canada,2004:1-13.
[23]Sakai J,Mahin S A.Analytical investigations of new methods for reducing residual displacements of reinforced concrete bridge columns[R].Pa-cific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,College of Engineering,University of California,Berkeley,2004.
[24]Mahin S,Sakai J,Jeong H.Use of partially prestressed reinforced concrete columns to reduce post-earthquake residual displacements of bridges[C]//Proceeding of the Fifth National Seismic Conference on Bridges&Highways,San Francisco,CA,2006:1-12.
[25]Ou Y C,Chiewanichakorn M,Aref A J,et al.Seismic performance of segmental precast unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge columns[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2007,133(11):1636-1647.
[26]Wang J C,Ou Y C,Chang KC,et al.Large-scale seismic tests of tall concrete bridge columns with precast segmental construction[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2008,37(2):1449-1465.
[27]Ou Y C,Wang P H,Tsai M S,et al.Large-scale experimental study of precast segmental unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge columns forseismic regions[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,136(3):255-264.
[28]Kim T H,Lee H M,Kim Y J,et al.Performance assessment of precast concrete segmental bridge columns with shear resistant connecting struc-ture[J].Engineering Structures,2010,32(5):1292-1303.
[29]陈兴冲,虞庐松,田琪,等.拼装式双柱桥墩梁-柱接头抗震能力的评估[J].兰州铁道学院学报,1998,17(1):6-10.
[30]田琪,陈兴冲,朱东生,等.拼装式桥墩接头的承载能力与滞回特性的试验研究[J].工程力学,1999,16(2):107-113.
[31]葛继平,魏红一,王志强.循环荷载作用下预制拼装桥墩抗震性能分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(7):894-899.
[32]葛继平,王志强,魏红一.干接缝节段拼装桥墩抗震分析的纤维模型模拟方法[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(3):52-57.
[33]葛继平,王志强.干接缝节段拼装桥墩集中塑性铰模型的地震响应分析[J].工程力学,2010,27(8):185-190.
[34]高婧,葛继平,林铁良.干接缝节段拼装桥墩拟静力试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):211-216.
[35]葛继平,王志强.干接缝节段拼装桥墩振动台试验研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(9):122-128.
[36]张荣,苏小卒.竖向加预应力钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(12):1578-1582.
[37]叶列平,林旭川,汪训流.预应力混凝土结构的自复位性能与抗震性能[C].第十四届全国混凝土及预应力混凝土学术会议,长沙,2007.
[38]汪训流.配置高强钢绞线无粘结筋混凝土柱复位性能的研究[D].北京:清华大学,2008
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