四川盆地震旦系灯影组油气四中心耦合成藏过程
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摘要
四川盆地元古界震旦系灯影组,时代老、埋藏深,天然气藏形成经历了生气中心(古油藏和未成藏石油的富集区)-储气中心(古气藏和未成藏天然气及水溶气的富集区)-保气中心(现今气藏和未成藏天然气及水溶气的富集区)的变换过程。生气中心是储气中心的主要"气源"、储气中心是现今保气中心的主要"气源"。生气中心的形成受控于烃源岩所在部位的生烃中心(烃源灶)。震旦系灯影组天然气藏的形成是在多期构造作用控制下由油气的四中心(生烃中心、生气中心、储气中心和保气中心)的耦合关系决定的。油气能否成藏和保存下来的关键取决于烃源是否丰富和保存条件是否较佳,即具有源盖联合控烃控藏的特征。生烃中心受控于盆地的原型格局,形成后其空间位置即无变动性;而其余三中心受构造作用的控制而变动性较易和较大。因此,"三中心"(生气中心、储气中心和保气中心)在空间上的分布关系,决定了油气的最终分布。威远-资阳震旦系灯影组气田的成藏过程是典型的储气中心和保气中心短距离(30km)移位的耦合关系;川东南丁山-林滩场震旦系灯影组古油气藏的形成及破坏过程是典型的缺乏保气中心的耦合关系。
Dengying Formation of Late Sinian age located in the Sichuan Basin was deeply buried and its paleo-oil pool(gas generating center) was transformed into paleo-gas pool(gas accumulating center) and present gas pool(gas preserving center).Paleo-oil pool was the main "hydrocarbon source" for the paleo-gas pool which was also the main "hydrocarbon source" of present gas pool.The formation of paleo-oil pool was controlled by the occurrence and location of source rocks(hydrocarbon generating center).Therefore the formation of present natural gas pool in the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation was determined by the coupling process of hydrocarbon generating center,gas generating center,gas accumulating center and gas preserving center,under the control of multiphase tectonic activities.The key factors of petroleum accumulation and preservation was plentiful hydrocarbon sources and better preservative conditions(good seal development).That is,both source rock and sealing condition could have controlled hydrocarbon accumulation simultaneously.Being controlled by the structure and sedimentary background of the early basin,hydrocarbon generating center appeared to have been stationary in the space,while the other three centers were not.Therefore,the spatial relationship between the "three centers"(gas generating center,gas accumulating center and gas preserving center) decided the final result of oil and gas accumulation.
Dengying Formation of Late Sinian age located in the Sichuan Basin was deeply buried and its paleo-oil pool(gas generating center) was transformed into paleo-gas pool(gas accumulating center) and present gas pool(gas preserving center).Paleo-oil pool was the main "hydrocarbon source" for the paleo-gas pool which was also the main "hydrocarbon source" of present gas pool.The formation of paleo-oil pool was controlled by the occurrence and location of source rocks(hydrocarbon generating center).Therefore the formation of present natural gas pool in the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation was determined by the coupling process of hydrocarbon generating center,gas generating center,gas accumulating center and gas preserving center,under the control of multiphase tectonic activities.The key factors of petroleum accumulation and preservation was plentiful hydrocarbon sources and better preservative conditions(good seal development).That is,both source rock and sealing condition could have controlled hydrocarbon accumulation simultaneously.Being controlled by the structure and sedimentary background of the early basin,hydrocarbon generating center appeared to have been stationary in the space,while the other three centers were not.Therefore,the spatial relationship between the "three centers"(gas generating center,gas accumulating center and gas preserving center) decided the final result of oil and gas accumulation.
引文
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Colin B.1990.Calculated volume and pressure changes during thethermal cracking of oil to gas in reservoirs.AAPG Bulletin,74(8):1254-1261
Cui HY,Zhang L,Wei GQ et al.2008.Characteristics of the Sinianreservoir bitumen in Weiyuan-Ziyang areas of the Sichuan basin and its significance.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,30(5):489-493(in Chinese with English abstract)
Dai JX.2003.Pool-forming periods and gas sources of Weiyuan gasfield.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,25(5):473-480(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Fu XD,Qin JZ and Teng GE.2008.Evaluation on excellent marinehydrocarbon source layers in southeast area of the Sichuan basin:Anexample from well d-1.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,30(6):621-642(in Chinese with English abstract)
Hu CY.2005.Research on the appliance extent of“source controltheory”by semi-quantitative statistics characteristics of oil and gasmigration distance.Natural Gas Industry,25(10):1-4(inChinese with English abstract)
Hu SZ,Wang TD,Fu XW et al.2005.Natural gas exploration potentialof Sinian in the middle of Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,27(3):222-225(in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang JZ and Cheng SJ.1993.Hydrocarbon origin geochemicalconditions analysis of forming of Sinian gas pool.Nature GasGeochemistry,4(4):16-20(in Chinese)
Huang WM,Liu SG,Zhang CJ et al.2009.The formation mechanisms ofcavity and characteristics of cemenis and fillings of Sinian System inSichuan basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,31(5):449454(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li GH,Li X and Yang XN.2000.Controlling factors of Sinian gas poolsin Caledonian paleouplift,Sichuan Basin.Oil&Gas Geology,21(1):80-83(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Ma YS,Huang WM et al.2007.Densification process of UpperSinian Dengying Formation,Sichuan Basin.Natural GasGeoscience,18(4):485-496(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Wang H,Sun W et al.2008.Energy field adjustment andhydrocarbon phase evolution in Sinian-Lower Paleozoic,Sichuanbasin.Journal of China University of Geosciences,19(6):700-706
Liu SG,Sun W,Li ZW et al.2008a.Tectonic uplifting and gas poolformation since Late Cretaceous Epoch,Sichuan Basin.Natural GasGeoscience,19(3):293-300(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Ma YS,Sun W et al.2008b.Studying on the differences ofSinian natural gas pools between Weiyuan gas field and Ziyang gasbrone area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,82(3):328336(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Ma YS,Cai XY et al.2009.Characteristic and accumulationprocess of the natural gas from Sinian to Lower Paleozoic in SichuanBasin,China.Journal of Chengdu University Of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),36(4):345-354(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Liu SG,Zhang ZJ,Huang WM et al.2010.Formation(destruction)process of Upper Sinian oil-gas pools at Dingshan-Lintanchangstructural belt in SE Sichuan Basin,China.Petroleum Science,7(3):1-13
Liu SG,Deng B,Li ZW and Sun W.2011.The texture of sedimentarybasin-orogenic belt system and its influence on oil/gas distribution:A case study from Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(3):621-635(in Chinese with English abstract)
Magoon LB and Dow WG.1994.The petroleum system.In:Magoon LBand Dow WG(eds.).The Petroleum System-from Source to Trap.AAPG Memoir,60:3-24
Sales JK.1997.Seal strength vs.trap closure-a fundamental control onthe distribution of oil and gas.In:Surdam RC(ed.).Seals,Traps,and the Petroleum System.AAPG Memoir,67:57-83
Song GY,Liu SG,Huang WM et al.2009.Characteristics ofhydrothermal dolomite of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in theDingshan-Lintanchang structural zone,Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&TechnologyEdition),36(6):706-715(in Chinese with English abstract)
Song WH.1996.Research on reservoir-formed conditions of largemedium gas fields of Leshan-Longnvsi palaeohigh.Nature GasIndustry,16(Suppl.):13-26(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun W,LIU SG,Ma YS et al.2007.Determination and quantitativesimulation of gas pool formation process of Sinian cracked gas inWeiyuan-Ziyang area,Sichuan basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,81(8):1153-1159(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Han KY et al.2009.The petroleum geological conditionand exploration prospect analysis in Sinian,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,31(4):350-355(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Wang GZ et al.2010a.Characteristics of gas formattedfrom Sinian to Lower Paleozoic in Weiyuan area of Sichuan basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),37(5):481-489(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Wang GZ et al.2010b.Petroleum formed condition andprocess Research for Sinian to Low Paleozoic at Dingshan structure inSoutheast of Sichuan Basin.Geological Science and TechnologyInformation,29(1):49-55(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Xu GS et al.2011.Formation models of marinecarbonate natural gas pools in the deep part of the Sichuan basin,China.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(8):2349-2361(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Wang GZ,Liu SG,Su WC et al.2008.Water soluble gas in deepcarbonate Reservoir,Sichuan Basin,Southwest China.Journal ofChina University of Geosciences,19(6):636-644
Wang GZ and Liu SG.2009.Paleo-fluid geochemical evaluation ofhydrocarbon preservation in marine carbonate rock areas:Takinglower association in central Sichuan basin as an example.Journal ofChengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),36(6):631-644(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu SQ,Hong HT and Li X.2002.The reservoir characteristic anddisciplinarian of Sinian in Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Exploration&Development,25(4):1-5(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang ZJ,Liu SG,Sun W et al.2009.Comparison of hydrocarbonaccumulation geological conditions between Sinian strata in Sichuanbasin and Tertiary strata in central Iranian basin.Journal of ChengduUniversity of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),36(6):716-727(in Chinese with English abstract)
陈宗清.2010.四川盆地震旦系灯影组天然气勘探.中国石油勘探,4:1-14
崔会英,张莉,魏国齐等.2008.四川盆地威远-资阳地区震旦系储层沥青特征及意义.石油实验地质,30(5):489-493
戴金星.2003.威远气田成藏期及气源.石油实验地质,25(5):473-480
付小东,秦建中,腾格尔.2008.四川盆地东南部海相层系优质烃源层评价——以丁山1井为例.石油实验地质,30(6):621-642
胡朝元.2005.源控论适用范围量化分析.天然气工业,25(10):1-4
胡守志,王廷栋,付晓文等.2005.四川盆地中部震旦系天然气勘探前景研究.石油实验地质,27(3):222-225
黄文明,刘树根,张长俊等.2009.四川盆地震旦系储层孔洞形成机理下胶结物特征研究.石油实验地质,31(5):449-454
黄籍中,陈盛吉.1993.震旦系气藏形成的烃源地球化学条件分析.天然气地球科学,4(4):16-20
李国辉,李翔,杨西南.2000.四川盆地加里东古隆起震旦系气藏成藏控制因素.石油与天然气地质,21(1):80-83
刘树根,马永生,黄文明等.2007.四川盆地上震旦统灯影组储集层致密化过程研究.天然气地球科学,18(4):485-496
刘树根,孙玮,李智武等.2008a.四川盆地晚白垩世以来的构造隆升作用与天然气成藏.天然气地球化学,19(3):293-300
刘树根,马永生,孙玮等.2008b.四川盆地威远气田和资阳含气区震旦系油气成藏差异性研究.地质学报,82(3):328-336
刘树根,马永生,蔡勋育等.2009.四川盆地震旦系-下古生界天然气成藏过程和特征.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(4):345-354
刘树根,邓宾,李智武,孙玮.2011.盆山结构与油气分布——以四川盆地为例.岩石学报,27(3):621-635
宋光永,刘树根,黄文明等.2009.川东南丁山-林滩场构造灯影组热液白云岩特征.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(6):706-715
宋文海.1996.乐山-龙女寺古隆起大中型气田成藏条件研究.天然气工业,16(增刊):13-26
孙玮,刘树根,马永生等.2007.四川盆地威远-资阳地区震旦系油裂解气判定及成藏过程定量模拟.地质学报,81(8):1153-1159
孙玮,刘树根,韩克猷等.2009.四川盆地震旦系油气地质条件及勘探前景分析.石油实验地质,31(4):350-355
孙玮,刘树根,王国芝等.2010a.四川威远震旦系下古生界天然气成藏特征,成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),37(5):481-489
孙玮,刘树根,王国芝等.2010b.川东南丁山构造震旦系-下古生界油气成藏条件及成藏过程.地质科技情报,29(1):49-55
孙玮,刘树根,徐国盛等.2011.四川盆地深层海相碳酸盐岩气藏成藏模式.岩石学报,27(8):2349-2361
王国芝,刘树根.2009.海相碳酸盐岩区油气保存条件的古流体地球化学评价——以四川盆地中部下组合为例.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(6):631-644
徐世琦,洪海涛,李翔.2002.四川盆地震旦系油气成藏特征与规律.天然气勘探与开发,25(4):1-5
张志敬,刘树根,孙玮等.2009.四川盆地震旦系与中伊朗盆地第三系碳酸盐岩油气成藏比较性研究.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(6):716-727
Chen ZQ.2010.Gas exploration in Sinian Dengying Formation,SichuanBasin.China Petroleum Exploration,4:1-14(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Colin B.1990.Calculated volume and pressure changes during thethermal cracking of oil to gas in reservoirs.AAPG Bulletin,74(8):1254-1261
Cui HY,Zhang L,Wei GQ et al.2008.Characteristics of the Sinianreservoir bitumen in Weiyuan-Ziyang areas of the Sichuan basin and its significance.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,30(5):489-493(in Chinese with English abstract)
Dai JX.2003.Pool-forming periods and gas sources of Weiyuan gasfield.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,25(5):473-480(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Fu XD,Qin JZ and Teng GE.2008.Evaluation on excellent marinehydrocarbon source layers in southeast area of the Sichuan basin:Anexample from well d-1.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,30(6):621-642(in Chinese with English abstract)
Hu CY.2005.Research on the appliance extent of“source controltheory”by semi-quantitative statistics characteristics of oil and gasmigration distance.Natural Gas Industry,25(10):1-4(inChinese with English abstract)
Hu SZ,Wang TD,Fu XW et al.2005.Natural gas exploration potentialof Sinian in the middle of Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,27(3):222-225(in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang JZ and Cheng SJ.1993.Hydrocarbon origin geochemicalconditions analysis of forming of Sinian gas pool.Nature GasGeochemistry,4(4):16-20(in Chinese)
Huang WM,Liu SG,Zhang CJ et al.2009.The formation mechanisms ofcavity and characteristics of cemenis and fillings of Sinian System inSichuan basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,31(5):449454(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li GH,Li X and Yang XN.2000.Controlling factors of Sinian gas poolsin Caledonian paleouplift,Sichuan Basin.Oil&Gas Geology,21(1):80-83(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Ma YS,Huang WM et al.2007.Densification process of UpperSinian Dengying Formation,Sichuan Basin.Natural GasGeoscience,18(4):485-496(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Wang H,Sun W et al.2008.Energy field adjustment andhydrocarbon phase evolution in Sinian-Lower Paleozoic,Sichuanbasin.Journal of China University of Geosciences,19(6):700-706
Liu SG,Sun W,Li ZW et al.2008a.Tectonic uplifting and gas poolformation since Late Cretaceous Epoch,Sichuan Basin.Natural GasGeoscience,19(3):293-300(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Ma YS,Sun W et al.2008b.Studying on the differences ofSinian natural gas pools between Weiyuan gas field and Ziyang gasbrone area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,82(3):328336(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu SG,Ma YS,Cai XY et al.2009.Characteristic and accumulationprocess of the natural gas from Sinian to Lower Paleozoic in SichuanBasin,China.Journal of Chengdu University Of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),36(4):345-354(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Liu SG,Zhang ZJ,Huang WM et al.2010.Formation(destruction)process of Upper Sinian oil-gas pools at Dingshan-Lintanchangstructural belt in SE Sichuan Basin,China.Petroleum Science,7(3):1-13
Liu SG,Deng B,Li ZW and Sun W.2011.The texture of sedimentarybasin-orogenic belt system and its influence on oil/gas distribution:A case study from Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(3):621-635(in Chinese with English abstract)
Magoon LB and Dow WG.1994.The petroleum system.In:Magoon LBand Dow WG(eds.).The Petroleum System-from Source to Trap.AAPG Memoir,60:3-24
Sales JK.1997.Seal strength vs.trap closure-a fundamental control onthe distribution of oil and gas.In:Surdam RC(ed.).Seals,Traps,and the Petroleum System.AAPG Memoir,67:57-83
Song GY,Liu SG,Huang WM et al.2009.Characteristics ofhydrothermal dolomite of Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in theDingshan-Lintanchang structural zone,Sichuan Basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&TechnologyEdition),36(6):706-715(in Chinese with English abstract)
Song WH.1996.Research on reservoir-formed conditions of largemedium gas fields of Leshan-Longnvsi palaeohigh.Nature GasIndustry,16(Suppl.):13-26(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun W,LIU SG,Ma YS et al.2007.Determination and quantitativesimulation of gas pool formation process of Sinian cracked gas inWeiyuan-Ziyang area,Sichuan basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,81(8):1153-1159(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Han KY et al.2009.The petroleum geological conditionand exploration prospect analysis in Sinian,Sichuan Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,31(4):350-355(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Wang GZ et al.2010a.Characteristics of gas formattedfrom Sinian to Lower Paleozoic in Weiyuan area of Sichuan basin,China.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),37(5):481-489(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Wang GZ et al.2010b.Petroleum formed condition andprocess Research for Sinian to Low Paleozoic at Dingshan structure inSoutheast of Sichuan Basin.Geological Science and TechnologyInformation,29(1):49-55(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun W,Liu SG,Xu GS et al.2011.Formation models of marinecarbonate natural gas pools in the deep part of the Sichuan basin,China.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(8):2349-2361(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Wang GZ,Liu SG,Su WC et al.2008.Water soluble gas in deepcarbonate Reservoir,Sichuan Basin,Southwest China.Journal ofChina University of Geosciences,19(6):636-644
Wang GZ and Liu SG.2009.Paleo-fluid geochemical evaluation ofhydrocarbon preservation in marine carbonate rock areas:Takinglower association in central Sichuan basin as an example.Journal ofChengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),36(6):631-644(in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu SQ,Hong HT and Li X.2002.The reservoir characteristic anddisciplinarian of Sinian in Sichuan Basin.Natural Gas Exploration&Development,25(4):1-5(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang ZJ,Liu SG,Sun W et al.2009.Comparison of hydrocarbonaccumulation geological conditions between Sinian strata in Sichuanbasin and Tertiary strata in central Iranian basin.Journal of ChengduUniversity of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),36(6):716-727(in Chinese with English abstract)
陈宗清.2010.四川盆地震旦系灯影组天然气勘探.中国石油勘探,4:1-14
崔会英,张莉,魏国齐等.2008.四川盆地威远-资阳地区震旦系储层沥青特征及意义.石油实验地质,30(5):489-493
戴金星.2003.威远气田成藏期及气源.石油实验地质,25(5):473-480
付小东,秦建中,腾格尔.2008.四川盆地东南部海相层系优质烃源层评价——以丁山1井为例.石油实验地质,30(6):621-642
胡朝元.2005.源控论适用范围量化分析.天然气工业,25(10):1-4
胡守志,王廷栋,付晓文等.2005.四川盆地中部震旦系天然气勘探前景研究.石油实验地质,27(3):222-225
黄文明,刘树根,张长俊等.2009.四川盆地震旦系储层孔洞形成机理下胶结物特征研究.石油实验地质,31(5):449-454
黄籍中,陈盛吉.1993.震旦系气藏形成的烃源地球化学条件分析.天然气地球科学,4(4):16-20
李国辉,李翔,杨西南.2000.四川盆地加里东古隆起震旦系气藏成藏控制因素.石油与天然气地质,21(1):80-83
刘树根,马永生,黄文明等.2007.四川盆地上震旦统灯影组储集层致密化过程研究.天然气地球科学,18(4):485-496
刘树根,孙玮,李智武等.2008a.四川盆地晚白垩世以来的构造隆升作用与天然气成藏.天然气地球化学,19(3):293-300
刘树根,马永生,孙玮等.2008b.四川盆地威远气田和资阳含气区震旦系油气成藏差异性研究.地质学报,82(3):328-336
刘树根,马永生,蔡勋育等.2009.四川盆地震旦系-下古生界天然气成藏过程和特征.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(4):345-354
刘树根,邓宾,李智武,孙玮.2011.盆山结构与油气分布——以四川盆地为例.岩石学报,27(3):621-635
宋光永,刘树根,黄文明等.2009.川东南丁山-林滩场构造灯影组热液白云岩特征.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(6):706-715
宋文海.1996.乐山-龙女寺古隆起大中型气田成藏条件研究.天然气工业,16(增刊):13-26
孙玮,刘树根,马永生等.2007.四川盆地威远-资阳地区震旦系油裂解气判定及成藏过程定量模拟.地质学报,81(8):1153-1159
孙玮,刘树根,韩克猷等.2009.四川盆地震旦系油气地质条件及勘探前景分析.石油实验地质,31(4):350-355
孙玮,刘树根,王国芝等.2010a.四川威远震旦系下古生界天然气成藏特征,成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),37(5):481-489
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