高承台群桩基础桥墩的动水附加质量模型验证
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摘要
地震作用下桥梁下部结构和水体的动力相互作用问题通常采用有限元法结合动水压力公式的混合方法进行求解。对于高承台群桩基础桥墩,已有研究者建议了一种动水压力的附加质量模型,即桥墩和水中承台的动水压力分别采用圆柱和圆盘结构的辐射波浪解析解、水中桩的动水压力采用Morison方程。此时动水压力附加质量模型不满足解析条件,该方法是近似的,但目前尚未见到验证该方法适用性的研究工作。本文将流-固耦合实体有限元模型作为参考标准,通过与其进行对比,研究高承台群桩基础桥墩动水压力附加质量模型的适用性。研究结果表明:两种模型的计算结果存在一定差异,但附加质量模型的计算结果基本能够满足精度要求。
The finite element method and hydrodynamic pressure formula is adopted to calculate the dynamic interaction between bridge substructure and water under earthquake action. The researchers have proposed a hydrodynamic added mass model for the bridge pier on high cap pile group foundation,and this model is based on the analytical solution of the hydrodynamic pressure on the pier and cap and the Morison equation for the pile group foundation. This method,which is approximate to the hydrodynamic added mass model,does not satisfy the analytical conditions,and there is a certain lack of effective study on the applicability of this method now. Compared with the fluid-solid coupling finite element model,this paper studies the applicability of the hydrodynamic added mass model. The results indicate that the hydrodynamic added mass model can meet the precision requirement although the solutions of the two models exist certain differences.
The finite element method and hydrodynamic pressure formula is adopted to calculate the dynamic interaction between bridge substructure and water under earthquake action. The researchers have proposed a hydrodynamic added mass model for the bridge pier on high cap pile group foundation,and this model is based on the analytical solution of the hydrodynamic pressure on the pier and cap and the Morison equation for the pile group foundation. This method,which is approximate to the hydrodynamic added mass model,does not satisfy the analytical conditions,and there is a certain lack of effective study on the applicability of this method now. Compared with the fluid-solid coupling finite element model,this paper studies the applicability of the hydrodynamic added mass model. The results indicate that the hydrodynamic added mass model can meet the precision requirement although the solutions of the two models exist certain differences.
引文
[1]Liaw C Y,Chopra A K.Dynamics of towers surrounded by water[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1974,3(1):33-49.
[2]Goyal A,Chopra A K.Simplified earthquake analysis of intake-outlet towers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1991,117(3):767-788.
[3]Goyal A,Chopra A K.Earthquake response spectrum analysis of intake-outlet towers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1991,117(3):1413-1433.
[4]Goto H,Toki.Vibration characteristics and seismic design of submerged bridge piers[C]∥Proceedings of the Third World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Auckland and Wellington:New Zealand National Committee on Earthquake Engineering,1965.
[5]Williams A N.Hydrodynamic interactions between submerged cylinders[J].Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal,and Ocean Engineering,1986,113(4):364-379.
[6]居荣初,曾心传.弹性结构与液体的耦联振动理论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.JU Rongchu,ZENG Xinchuan.Elastic structure and fluid coupling vibration theory[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1983.(in Chinese)
[7]Bhatta D D,Rahman M.On scattering and radiation problem for a cylinder in water of finite depth[J].International Journal of Engineering Science,2003,41(9):931–967.
[8]Sabuncu T,Calisal S.Hydrodynamic coefficients for vertical circular cylinders at finite depth[J].Ocean Engineering,1981,8(1):25-63.
[9]赖伟,王君杰.沿水平向运动的水中截断圆柱体辐射波浪问题的解析解答[J].工程力学,2007,24(4):81-86.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie.Radiation wave loadings on a truncated cylinder to sway motion[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(4):81-86.(in Chinese)
[10]Morison J R,O’Brien M P,Johnson J W,et al.The force exerted by surface wave piles[J].Petroleum Transactions,1950,2(5):149-154.
[11]Veletsos A S,Prasad A M,Hahn G.Fluid-structure interaction effects for offshore structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1988,16(5):631-652.
[12]Penzien J,Kaul M K,Berge B.Stochastic response of offshore towers to random sea waves and strong motion earthquake[J].Computers and Structures,1972,2(5):733-756.
[13]高学奎,朱晞.地震动水压力对深水桥墩的影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(1):55-58.GAO Xuekui,ZHU Xi.Hydrodynamic effect on seismic response of bridge pier in deep water[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2006,30(1):55-58.(in Chinese)
[14]李富荣,陈国兴,王志华.考虑动水压力影响的单柱式桥墩地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(2):114-121.LI Furong,CHEN Guoxing,WANG Zhihua.Seismic responses of single-column pier considering the effects of hydrodynamic pressure[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(2):114-121.(in Chinese)
[15]黄信,李忠献.动水压力作用对深水桥墩地震响应的影响[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(1):65-73.HUANG Xin,LI Zhongxian.Influence of hydrodynamic pressure on seismic response of bridge piers in deep water[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(1):65-73.(in Chinese)
[16]赖伟.地震和波浪作用下深水桥梁的动力响应研究[D].上海:同济大学,2004.LAI Wei.Study ondynamic response of deep-water bridges under earthquake and wave[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2004.(in Chinese)
[17]赵娟.大直径深水圆柱结构动水压力的时域算法[D].北京:北京工业大学,2012.ZHAO Juan,A time-domain method for the hydrodynamic pressure on deep-watercylindrical structure with large diameter[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[18]冼巧玲,冯俊迎,周福霖.水深对桥梁地震反应的影响分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(1):81-86.XIAN Qiaoling,FENG Junying,ZHOU Fulin.The influence of water depth on the seismic response of bridge[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2014,34(1):81-86.(in Chinese)
[2]Goyal A,Chopra A K.Simplified earthquake analysis of intake-outlet towers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1991,117(3):767-788.
[3]Goyal A,Chopra A K.Earthquake response spectrum analysis of intake-outlet towers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1991,117(3):1413-1433.
[4]Goto H,Toki.Vibration characteristics and seismic design of submerged bridge piers[C]∥Proceedings of the Third World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Auckland and Wellington:New Zealand National Committee on Earthquake Engineering,1965.
[5]Williams A N.Hydrodynamic interactions between submerged cylinders[J].Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal,and Ocean Engineering,1986,113(4):364-379.
[6]居荣初,曾心传.弹性结构与液体的耦联振动理论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.JU Rongchu,ZENG Xinchuan.Elastic structure and fluid coupling vibration theory[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1983.(in Chinese)
[7]Bhatta D D,Rahman M.On scattering and radiation problem for a cylinder in water of finite depth[J].International Journal of Engineering Science,2003,41(9):931–967.
[8]Sabuncu T,Calisal S.Hydrodynamic coefficients for vertical circular cylinders at finite depth[J].Ocean Engineering,1981,8(1):25-63.
[9]赖伟,王君杰.沿水平向运动的水中截断圆柱体辐射波浪问题的解析解答[J].工程力学,2007,24(4):81-86.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie.Radiation wave loadings on a truncated cylinder to sway motion[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(4):81-86.(in Chinese)
[10]Morison J R,O’Brien M P,Johnson J W,et al.The force exerted by surface wave piles[J].Petroleum Transactions,1950,2(5):149-154.
[11]Veletsos A S,Prasad A M,Hahn G.Fluid-structure interaction effects for offshore structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1988,16(5):631-652.
[12]Penzien J,Kaul M K,Berge B.Stochastic response of offshore towers to random sea waves and strong motion earthquake[J].Computers and Structures,1972,2(5):733-756.
[13]高学奎,朱晞.地震动水压力对深水桥墩的影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(1):55-58.GAO Xuekui,ZHU Xi.Hydrodynamic effect on seismic response of bridge pier in deep water[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2006,30(1):55-58.(in Chinese)
[14]李富荣,陈国兴,王志华.考虑动水压力影响的单柱式桥墩地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(2):114-121.LI Furong,CHEN Guoxing,WANG Zhihua.Seismic responses of single-column pier considering the effects of hydrodynamic pressure[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,28(2):114-121.(in Chinese)
[15]黄信,李忠献.动水压力作用对深水桥墩地震响应的影响[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(1):65-73.HUANG Xin,LI Zhongxian.Influence of hydrodynamic pressure on seismic response of bridge piers in deep water[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(1):65-73.(in Chinese)
[16]赖伟.地震和波浪作用下深水桥梁的动力响应研究[D].上海:同济大学,2004.LAI Wei.Study ondynamic response of deep-water bridges under earthquake and wave[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2004.(in Chinese)
[17]赵娟.大直径深水圆柱结构动水压力的时域算法[D].北京:北京工业大学,2012.ZHAO Juan,A time-domain method for the hydrodynamic pressure on deep-watercylindrical structure with large diameter[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[18]冼巧玲,冯俊迎,周福霖.水深对桥梁地震反应的影响分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(1):81-86.XIAN Qiaoling,FENG Junying,ZHOU Fulin.The influence of water depth on the seismic response of bridge[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2014,34(1):81-86.(in Chinese)
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