SMA自复位隔震桥梁基于位移的抗震设计方法
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摘要
本文针对隔震桥梁结构的抗震设计方法展开研究。首先对隔震桥梁结构进行模型简化,得到可用于设计的精简模型,并通过合理的构造设计,得到可实用的SMA隔震层;经过推导得到简化模型的等效延性和刚度;在非线性反应谱的基础上,建立直接基于位移的抗震设计方法;最后通过数值模拟分析对设计方法进行验证,结果显示在设计地震作用下,桥梁的地震反应与预期的设计指标相差很小,说明该位移设计方法具有较好的可靠性。
In this paper,the seismic design method applied to SMA isolated bridge has been developed. The isolated bridge with SMA isolators has been simplified to a simple model which can be used in the design process. And the SMA isolation layer has been designed in detail for which can be used in practice. The efficiency ductility and effective stiffness of the simplified model was deduced. A displacement-based design approach for bridges with SMA isolators was proposed based on the nonlinear response spectra. The efficacy of the displacement-based design approach is validated by numerical simulations,and the results indicate a properly designed bridge using the proposed approach can achieve the prescribed performance objectives.
In this paper,the seismic design method applied to SMA isolated bridge has been developed. The isolated bridge with SMA isolators has been simplified to a simple model which can be used in the design process. And the SMA isolation layer has been designed in detail for which can be used in practice. The efficiency ductility and effective stiffness of the simplified model was deduced. A displacement-based design approach for bridges with SMA isolators was proposed based on the nonlinear response spectra. The efficacy of the displacement-based design approach is validated by numerical simulations,and the results indicate a properly designed bridge using the proposed approach can achieve the prescribed performance objectives.
引文
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[3]王克海,李茜,韦韩.国内外延性抗震设计的比较[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(3):70-73.WANG Kehai,LI Qian,WEI Han.Comparing overseas and inland specification for ductility seismic design[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2006,26(3):70-73.(in Chinese)
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[9]Dwairi H,Kowalsky M.Implementation of inelastic displacement patterns in direct displacement-based design of continuous bridge structures[J].Earthquake Spectra,2006,22(3):631-662.
[10]Kowalsky M J.A displacement-based approach for the seismic design of continuous concrete bridges[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2002,31:719-747.
[11]Priestley M J N.Displacement-based seismic assessment of reinforced concrete buildings[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,1997,1(1):157-192.
[12]Chopra A K,Goel R K.Direct displacement-based design:use of inelastic vs.elastic design spectra[J].Earthquake Spectra,2001,17(1):47-64.
[13]Chopra A K,Goel R K.Evaluation of a NSP to estimate seismic deformation:SDF system.Journal of Structural Engineering[J].2000,126(4):482-490.
[14]Jara M,Casas J R.A direct displacement-based method for the seismic design of bridges on bi-linear isolation devices[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28:869-879.
[15]Newmark N M,Hall W J.Earthquake spectra and design[M].Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,1982,Berkeley,Calif.
[16]Vidic T,Fajfar P,Fischinger M.Consistent inelastic design spectra:strength and displacement[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1994,23:507-521.
[17]Seo C Y.Influence of ground motion characteristics and structural parameters on seismic response of SDOF systems[D].Ph.D dissertation,Lehigh University,2005.[in American].
[18]Zhu S Y,Zhang Y F.A thermomechanical constitutive model for superelastic SMA wire with strain-rate dependence[J].Smart Materials and Structures 2007,16:1696-1707.
[19]Dolce M,Cardone D.Palermo G.Seismic isolation of bridges using isolation systems based on flat sliding bearings[J].Bull Earthquake Eng,2007,5:491-509.
[20]Choi E,Nam T H,Cho B S.A new concept of isolation bearings for highway steel bridges using shape memory alloys[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,2005,32(5):957-967.
[2]徐忠根,周福霖.日本桥梁隔震规范评述[J].世界地震工程,1999,15(1):25-33.XU Zhonggen,ZHOU Fulin.Discussion on Japanese isolated bridge codes[J].World Earthquake Engineering,1999,15(1):25-33.(in Chinese)
[3]王克海,李茜,韦韩.国内外延性抗震设计的比较[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(3):70-73.WANG Kehai,LI Qian,WEI Han.Comparing overseas and inland specification for ductility seismic design[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2006,26(3):70-73.(in Chinese)
[4]范立础,王君杰.桥梁抗震设计规范的现状与发展趋势[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(2):70-77.FAN Lichu,WANG Junjie.Design code for earthquake resistance of bridges:current situation and trend[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2001,21(2):70-77.(in Chinese)
[5]王克海,李茜.桥梁抗震的研究进展[J].工程力学,2007,24:75-82.WANAG Kehai,LI Qian.Research progress on a seismic design of bridges[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24:75-82.(in Chinese)
[6]H.M.Ali and A.M.Abdel-Ghaffar.Modeling of rubber and lead passive-control bearings for seismic analysis[J].Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE),1995,121(7):1134-1144.
[7]Zhou F L.Recent research developments and application on seismic isolation of buildings in P.R.China[C]∥International Workshorp on Use of Rubber Based Bearing for Earthquake Protection of Building,1994,Shantou,China.
[8]范立础,王志强.我国桥梁隔震技术的应用[J].振动工程学报,1999,12(12):173-181.FAN Lichu,WANG Zhongqiang.Application of seismic isolation technology for bridges in china[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,1999,12(12):173-181.(in Chinese)
[9]Dwairi H,Kowalsky M.Implementation of inelastic displacement patterns in direct displacement-based design of continuous bridge structures[J].Earthquake Spectra,2006,22(3):631-662.
[10]Kowalsky M J.A displacement-based approach for the seismic design of continuous concrete bridges[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2002,31:719-747.
[11]Priestley M J N.Displacement-based seismic assessment of reinforced concrete buildings[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,1997,1(1):157-192.
[12]Chopra A K,Goel R K.Direct displacement-based design:use of inelastic vs.elastic design spectra[J].Earthquake Spectra,2001,17(1):47-64.
[13]Chopra A K,Goel R K.Evaluation of a NSP to estimate seismic deformation:SDF system.Journal of Structural Engineering[J].2000,126(4):482-490.
[14]Jara M,Casas J R.A direct displacement-based method for the seismic design of bridges on bi-linear isolation devices[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28:869-879.
[15]Newmark N M,Hall W J.Earthquake spectra and design[M].Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,1982,Berkeley,Calif.
[16]Vidic T,Fajfar P,Fischinger M.Consistent inelastic design spectra:strength and displacement[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1994,23:507-521.
[17]Seo C Y.Influence of ground motion characteristics and structural parameters on seismic response of SDOF systems[D].Ph.D dissertation,Lehigh University,2005.[in American].
[18]Zhu S Y,Zhang Y F.A thermomechanical constitutive model for superelastic SMA wire with strain-rate dependence[J].Smart Materials and Structures 2007,16:1696-1707.
[19]Dolce M,Cardone D.Palermo G.Seismic isolation of bridges using isolation systems based on flat sliding bearings[J].Bull Earthquake Eng,2007,5:491-509.
[20]Choi E,Nam T H,Cho B S.A new concept of isolation bearings for highway steel bridges using shape memory alloys[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,2005,32(5):957-967.
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