近断层区桥梁组合使用板式橡胶支座和黏滞阻尼器方法探讨
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摘要
选择具有脉冲性质的近断层区地震动记录和无脉冲地震动记录作为地震输入,考察了近场脉冲型地震动对我国常见的板式橡胶支座类型桥梁地震反应的影响。针对国内外抗震规范及学者提出的橡胶支座与黏滞阻尼器组合使用方法,研究了近场脉冲型地震动作用下板式橡胶支座桥梁组合使用黏滞阻尼器的减震效果,探讨了橡胶支座与黏滞阻尼器组合使用时可能存在的问题。结果表明,近场脉冲型地震动对桥梁结构地震反应影响明显,显著增大了板式橡胶支座桥梁的墩柱地震力、梁体地震位移及梁体残余位移;组合使用黏滞阻尼器方法虽能一定程度上控制梁体地震位移及残余位移,但同时以增大墩柱地震反应为代价;近场脉冲型地震动作用下,板式橡胶支座桥梁支座滑动后整桥体系缺乏自恢复力、震后存在梁体残余位移,组合使用黏滞阻尼器无法根本解决,可在支座与墩、梁间设置连接措施加以改善。
Based on ground motion records with or without pulse effect recorded in near or far-fault regions,the influence of near-fault pulse-like ground motions on seismic responses of continuous bridges on elastomeric pad bearings which are commonly used in China are analyzed in this paper.As recommended by some scholars and guide specifications for seismic design at home and abroad,the damping effect of the method in which viscous dampers are used in combination with elastomeric pad bearings in continuous bridges is studied,and the possible defect of the method is discussed.The results show that the influence of the near-fault pulse-like ground motions on bridge structures is apparent,which significantly increases the seismic forces of piers and girder maximum and residual displacement.Adopting viscous dampers in combination in bridges on elastomeric pad bearings can reduce maximum and residual displacement of the girder to some certain extent,while the seismic forces of piers will increase.And the problem of bridges on elastomeric pad bearings,in which large girder residual displacement exists after earthquakes due to a lack of restoring force in superstructure after bearing sliding under near-fault pulse-like ground motions,can not be fundamentally solved.That may be settled by installing connecting device between elastomeric pad bearings and piers or girder.
Based on ground motion records with or without pulse effect recorded in near or far-fault regions,the influence of near-fault pulse-like ground motions on seismic responses of continuous bridges on elastomeric pad bearings which are commonly used in China are analyzed in this paper.As recommended by some scholars and guide specifications for seismic design at home and abroad,the damping effect of the method in which viscous dampers are used in combination with elastomeric pad bearings in continuous bridges is studied,and the possible defect of the method is discussed.The results show that the influence of the near-fault pulse-like ground motions on bridge structures is apparent,which significantly increases the seismic forces of piers and girder maximum and residual displacement.Adopting viscous dampers in combination in bridges on elastomeric pad bearings can reduce maximum and residual displacement of the girder to some certain extent,while the seismic forces of piers will increase.And the problem of bridges on elastomeric pad bearings,in which large girder residual displacement exists after earthquakes due to a lack of restoring force in superstructure after bearing sliding under near-fault pulse-like ground motions,can not be fundamentally solved.That may be settled by installing connecting device between elastomeric pad bearings and piers or girder.
引文
[1]李建中,范立础.汶川桥梁震害分析与抗震设计对策[J].公路,2009,54(5):122-128.
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[3]AASHTO.Guide specification for seismic isolationdesign[S].Washington DC:American Associationof State Highway and Transportation Officials,2000.
[4]Makris N,Zhang J.Seismic response analysis of ahighway overcrossing equipped with elastomeric bear-ings and fluid dampers[J].Journal of Structural En-gineering,2004,130(6):830-845.
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[6]Hall J F,Heaton T H,Halling M W,et al.Near-sourceground motion and its effects on flexible buildings[J].Earthquake Spectra,1995,11(4):367-390.
[7]杨迪雄,赵岩.近断层地震动破裂向前方向性和滑冲效应对隔震减震结构抗震性能的影响[J].地震学报,2010,32(5):579-587.Yang Dixiong,Zhao Yan.Effects of rapture forwarddirectivity and fling step of near-fault ground motionson seismic performance of base-isolated buildingstructure[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2010,32(5):579-587.(in Chinese)
[8]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,等.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):1-10.Liu Qifang,Yuan Yifan,Jin Xing,et al.Basic char-acteristics of near-fault ground motions[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(1):1-10.(in Chinese)
[9]Gazetas G,Garini E,Anastasopoulos I,et al.Effectsof near-fault ground shaking on sliding systems[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engi-neering,2009,135(12):1906-1921.
[10]张华,彭天波.新型FRP橡胶支座受压性能研究[J].结构工程师,2011,27(4):91-97.Zhang Hua,Peng Tianbo.Study on compression per-formance of an innovate FRP rubber isolator[J].Stuctural Engineers,2011,27(4):91-97.(in Chi-nese)
[11]袁万城.桥梁橡胶支座减隔震性能研究[D].上海:同济大学,1987.
[12]汤虎,李建中.连续梁桥固定墩减震设计方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(12):64-72.Tang Hu,Li Jianzhong.Study of earthquake-reduc-tion design for the fixed pier of continuous bridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(12):64-72.(in Chinese)
[2]重庆交通科研设计院.JTG/T B02—01—2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.Chongqing Communications Research and Design In-stitate.JTG/T B02-01-2008 Guidelines for seismicdesign of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Com-munications Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[3]AASHTO.Guide specification for seismic isolationdesign[S].Washington DC:American Associationof State Highway and Transportation Officials,2000.
[4]Makris N,Zhang J.Seismic response analysis of ahighway overcrossing equipped with elastomeric bear-ings and fluid dampers[J].Journal of Structural En-gineering,2004,130(6):830-845.
[5]蒋建军,李建中,范立础.桥梁板式橡胶支座与黏滞阻尼器组合使用的减震性能研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(8):44-48.Jiang Jianjun,Li Jianzhong,Fan Lichu.Study onaseismic performance of combination of laminated rub-ber bearing and viscous damper for bridge[J].Jour-nal of Highway and Transportation Research and De-velopment,2005,22(8):44-48.(in Chinese)
[6]Hall J F,Heaton T H,Halling M W,et al.Near-sourceground motion and its effects on flexible buildings[J].Earthquake Spectra,1995,11(4):367-390.
[7]杨迪雄,赵岩.近断层地震动破裂向前方向性和滑冲效应对隔震减震结构抗震性能的影响[J].地震学报,2010,32(5):579-587.Yang Dixiong,Zhao Yan.Effects of rapture forwarddirectivity and fling step of near-fault ground motionson seismic performance of base-isolated buildingstructure[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2010,32(5):579-587.(in Chinese)
[8]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,等.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):1-10.Liu Qifang,Yuan Yifan,Jin Xing,et al.Basic char-acteristics of near-fault ground motions[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(1):1-10.(in Chinese)
[9]Gazetas G,Garini E,Anastasopoulos I,et al.Effectsof near-fault ground shaking on sliding systems[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engi-neering,2009,135(12):1906-1921.
[10]张华,彭天波.新型FRP橡胶支座受压性能研究[J].结构工程师,2011,27(4):91-97.Zhang Hua,Peng Tianbo.Study on compression per-formance of an innovate FRP rubber isolator[J].Stuctural Engineers,2011,27(4):91-97.(in Chi-nese)
[11]袁万城.桥梁橡胶支座减隔震性能研究[D].上海:同济大学,1987.
[12]汤虎,李建中.连续梁桥固定墩减震设计方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(12):64-72.Tang Hu,Li Jianzhong.Study of earthquake-reduc-tion design for the fixed pier of continuous bridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(12):64-72.(in Chinese)
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