考虑桥梁建筑相互作用景观廊桥地震易损性研究
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摘要
以一座上部布置钢筋混凝土框架结构的三跨预应力混凝土连续刚构景观廊桥为例,采用基于传统可靠度理论的方法对结构的地震易损性进行研究。通过建立结构的空间有限元模型,考虑了上部建筑结构对桥梁结构的影响,对其进行了非线性动力时程分析;在基于位移破坏准则的基础上定义桥墩、支座的损伤指标,同时考虑地面运动和结构材料的不确定性,以地面峰值加速度作为自变量,分别形成了桥墩、支座的易损性曲线;最后运用一阶界限法分别计算考虑建筑结构和不考虑建筑结构桥梁系统易损性曲线的上下界,分析了上部建筑结构对桥梁系统易损性的影响,对全桥的抗震性能进行分析评估。结果表明:上部建筑结构对桥梁系统的地震易损性影响显著,使桥梁发生严重破坏和完全破坏的概率明显增大。
Taking a 3-span of RC continuous rigid frame landscape covered bridge with superstructure of reinforced concrete frame for instance,the seismic fragility analysis is performed by using the method based on traditional reliability theory. The nonlinear dynamic time history analysis is performed on the basis of the established spatial finite element model of the structure considering the influence of the superstructure on the bridge. The damage indexes of the pier and the bearing are defined based on the displacement failure criterion. Considering the uncertainties of ground motion and structure material, taking peak ground acceleration as independent variable,the fragility curves of piers and bearings are obtained. Finally,the upper and lower limits of bridge system fragility curves including superstructure and not including superstructures are calculated by using the first-order boundery method. The influence of the superstructure on the bridge system fragility is analyzed,and the seismic property of the bridge is assessed. The result shows that the superstructure affects the seismic vulnerability of the bridge system significantly,which make the probability of serious damage and complete damage to the bridge increase dramatically.
Taking a 3-span of RC continuous rigid frame landscape covered bridge with superstructure of reinforced concrete frame for instance,the seismic fragility analysis is performed by using the method based on traditional reliability theory. The nonlinear dynamic time history analysis is performed on the basis of the established spatial finite element model of the structure considering the influence of the superstructure on the bridge. The damage indexes of the pier and the bearing are defined based on the displacement failure criterion. Considering the uncertainties of ground motion and structure material, taking peak ground acceleration as independent variable,the fragility curves of piers and bearings are obtained. Finally,the upper and lower limits of bridge system fragility curves including superstructure and not including superstructures are calculated by using the first-order boundery method. The influence of the superstructure on the bridge system fragility is analyzed,and the seismic property of the bridge is assessed. The result shows that the superstructure affects the seismic vulnerability of the bridge system significantly,which make the probability of serious damage and complete damage to the bridge increase dramatically.
引文
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[13]OLSSON A,SANDBERG G,DAHLBLOM O.On Latin Hypercube Sampling for Structural Reliability Analysis[J].Structural Safety,2003,25(1):47-68.
[14]JTG/T B02—01—2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/T B02—01—2008,Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges[S].
[15]陈力波,郑凯锋,栗怀广,等.基于扩展增量动力分析的桥梁地震易损性研究[J].公路交通科技,2012,29(9):43-49,57.CHEN Li-bo,ZHENG Kai-feng,LI Huai-guang,et al.Research of Bridge Seismic Vulnerability Based on Extended Incremental Dynamic Analysis[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2012,29(9):43-49,57.
[16]FEMA.HAZUS-MH MR4 Earthquake Model Technical Manual[M].Washington,D.C.:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2003:1-93.
[17]HWANG H,刘晶波.地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥梁结构易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(6):47-51.HWANG H,LIU Jing-bo.Seismic Fragility Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Bridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2004,37(6):47-51.
[18]BUCKLE I G,FRIEDLAND I,MANDER J,et al.Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures:Part 1-Bridges,MCEER-06-SP10[R].New York:Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research,2006.
[19]汪洋,曹加良,施卫星.盆式橡胶支座基础隔震结构地震模拟振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构,2013,43(7):9-13.WANG Yang,CAO Jia-liang,SHI Wei-xing.Shaking Table Test Study of Base-isolated Structure with Pot Bearings[J].Building Structure,2013,43(7):9-13.
[20]CHOI E,DESROCHES R,NIELSON B.Seismic Fragility of Typical Bridges in Moderate Seismic Zones[J].Engineering Structures,2004,26(2):187-199.
[21]NIELSON B G,DESROCHES R.Seismic Fragility Methodology for Highway Bridges Using a Component Level Approach[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2007,36(6):823-839.
[2]NIELSON B G.Analytical Fragility Curves for Highway Bridges in Moderate Seismic Zones[D].Atlanta:Georgia Institute of Technology,2005.
[3]HWANG H,LIU J B,CHIU Y H.Seismic Fragility Analysis of Highway Bridges,MAEC RR-4[R].Memphis:Mid-America Earthquake Center,2001.
[4]李立峰,吴文朋,黄佳梅,等.地震作用下中等跨径RC连续梁桥系统易损性研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(10):152-160.LI Li-feng,WU Wen-peng,HUANG Jia-mei,et al.Study on System Vulnerability of Medium Span Reinforced Concrete Continuous Girder Bridge under Earthquake Excitation[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(10):152-160.
[5]郑凯锋,陈力波,庄卫林,等.基于概率性地震需求模型的桥梁易损性分析[J].工程力学,2013,30(5):165-171,187.ZHENG Kai-feng,CHEN Li-bo,ZHUANG Wei-lin,et al.Bridge Vulnerability Analysis Based on Probabilistic Seismic Demand Models[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(5):165-171,187.
[6]王其昂,吴子燕,贾兆平.桥梁系统地震多维易损性分析[J].工程力学,2013,30(10):192-198.WANG Qi-ang,WU Zi-yan,JIA Zhao-ping.Multidimensional Fragility Analysis of Bridge System under Earthquake[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(10):192-198.
[7]谷音,黄怡君,卓卫东.高墩大跨连续刚构桥梁地震易损性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(2):91-97.GU Yin,HUANG Yi-jun,ZHUO Wei-dong.Study on Seismic Vulnerability of Long-span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge with High Piers[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(2):91-97.
[8]CORNELL C A.Bounds on the Reliability of Structural Systems[J].Journal of Structural Division,1967,93(1):171-200.
[9]AVIRAM A,MACKIE K R,STOJADINOVI C'B.Guidelines for Nonlinear Analysis of Bridge Structures in California,UCB/PEER 2008/03[R].San Francisco:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,2008.
[10]AVIRAM A,MACKIE K R,STOJADINOVI C'B.Effect of Abutment Modeling on the Seismic Response of Bridge Structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,7(4):395-402.
[11]魏雷涛.时程分析中地震动记录筛选及调整研究[D].天津:天津大学,2011.WEI Lei-tao.Research on Selection and Adjustment of Ground Motion Records in the Time-history Analysis[D].Tanjin:Tanjin University,2011.
[12]PAN Y,AGRAWAL A K,GHOSN M,et al.Seismic Fragility of Multi-span Simply Supported Steel Highway Bridges in New York State.I:Bridge Modeling,Parametric Analysis,and Retrofit Design[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2010,15(5):448-461.
[13]OLSSON A,SANDBERG G,DAHLBLOM O.On Latin Hypercube Sampling for Structural Reliability Analysis[J].Structural Safety,2003,25(1):47-68.
[14]JTG/T B02—01—2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/T B02—01—2008,Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges[S].
[15]陈力波,郑凯锋,栗怀广,等.基于扩展增量动力分析的桥梁地震易损性研究[J].公路交通科技,2012,29(9):43-49,57.CHEN Li-bo,ZHENG Kai-feng,LI Huai-guang,et al.Research of Bridge Seismic Vulnerability Based on Extended Incremental Dynamic Analysis[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2012,29(9):43-49,57.
[16]FEMA.HAZUS-MH MR4 Earthquake Model Technical Manual[M].Washington,D.C.:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2003:1-93.
[17]HWANG H,刘晶波.地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥梁结构易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(6):47-51.HWANG H,LIU Jing-bo.Seismic Fragility Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Bridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2004,37(6):47-51.
[18]BUCKLE I G,FRIEDLAND I,MANDER J,et al.Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures:Part 1-Bridges,MCEER-06-SP10[R].New York:Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research,2006.
[19]汪洋,曹加良,施卫星.盆式橡胶支座基础隔震结构地震模拟振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构,2013,43(7):9-13.WANG Yang,CAO Jia-liang,SHI Wei-xing.Shaking Table Test Study of Base-isolated Structure with Pot Bearings[J].Building Structure,2013,43(7):9-13.
[20]CHOI E,DESROCHES R,NIELSON B.Seismic Fragility of Typical Bridges in Moderate Seismic Zones[J].Engineering Structures,2004,26(2):187-199.
[21]NIELSON B G,DESROCHES R.Seismic Fragility Methodology for Highway Bridges Using a Component Level Approach[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2007,36(6):823-839.
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