跨断层桥梁地震响应特性研究
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摘要
为了解跨断层桥梁地震响应规律,为桥梁抗震设计与研究提供参考,以一座跨越走滑断层梁桥为研究对象,利用混合模拟法合成了跨断层桥梁地面运动时程,基于地震动位移输入模型,采用非线性时程分析法计算了该桥的结构地震响应,并从内力和位移响应方面与对应近断层桥梁进行了对比分析。结果表明:跨断层梁桥的桥墩承受较大扭矩;在断层错动方向,断层两侧主梁、支座及桥墩的内力、位移响应方向相反,地震动结束后,存在显著的残余内力和位移,具有较大的结构破坏风险。建议设计时应基于跨断层桥梁的地震响应特性,进行针对性的抗震设防,以减轻或避免结构破坏带来的不利影响。
To understand the seismic response laws of the bridges crossing faults and to provide references for the seismic design and researches of the bridges,a bridge crossing the strikeslip fault was taken as the case study,the time history of ground motion of the bridge was generated by the hybrid simulation method.Based on the ground motion displacement input model,the structural seismic responses of the bridge were calculated by the nonlinear time-history analysis method and the calculation results were analyzed and compared to the corresponding bridges crossing faults in the aspects of the internal force and displacement responses.The results of the analysis show that the piers of the bridges crossing faults are subjected to great torsional moment and in the staggering directions of the faults,the directions of the internal force and displacement responses of the main girders,bearings and piers on both sides of the faults are opposite.After the ground motion terminates,the significant residual internal forces and displacement exist,which can bring about great risk of damage to the structures.It is therefore proposed that the targeted seismic fortification should be formulated in the design according to the seismic response features of the bridges so as to lessen or avoid the adverse influences caused by the damage of the structures.
To understand the seismic response laws of the bridges crossing faults and to provide references for the seismic design and researches of the bridges,a bridge crossing the strikeslip fault was taken as the case study,the time history of ground motion of the bridge was generated by the hybrid simulation method.Based on the ground motion displacement input model,the structural seismic responses of the bridge were calculated by the nonlinear time-history analysis method and the calculation results were analyzed and compared to the corresponding bridges crossing faults in the aspects of the internal force and displacement responses.The results of the analysis show that the piers of the bridges crossing faults are subjected to great torsional moment and in the staggering directions of the faults,the directions of the internal force and displacement responses of the main girders,bearings and piers on both sides of the faults are opposite.After the ground motion terminates,the significant residual internal forces and displacement exist,which can bring about great risk of damage to the structures.It is therefore proposed that the targeted seismic fortification should be formulated in the design according to the seismic response features of the bridges so as to lessen or avoid the adverse influences caused by the damage of the structures.
引文
[1]Lu Chih-Hung,Liu Kuang-Yen,Chang Kuo-Chun.Seismic Performance of Bridges with Rubber Bearings:Lessons Learnt from the 1999Chi-Chi Taiwan Earthquake[J].Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers,2011,34(7):889-904.
[2]Pamuk A,Kalkan E,Ling H I.Structural and Geotechnical Impacts of Surface Rupture on Highway Structures During Recent Earthquakes in Turkey[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2005,25(7):581-589.
[3]王克海,李茜,韦韩.汶川地震对我国地震区划图与桥梁抗震设计的启示[J].工程力学,2010,27(6):120-126.(WANG Ke-hai,LI Qian,WEI Han.Enlightenment from Wenchuan Earthquake to Seismic Zonation and Bridge Seismic Design in China[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(6):120-126.in Chinese)
[4]Oettle N K,Bray J D.Geotechnical Mitigation Strategies for Earthquake Surface Fault Rupture[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2013,139(11):1 864-1 874.
[5]Ucak A,Mavroeidis G P,Tsopelas P.Behavior of a Seismically Isolated Bridge Crossing a Fault Rupture Zone[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2014,57(2):164-178.
[6]Rakesh Goel,Bing Qu,Jennifer Tures,et al.Validation of Fault Rupture-Response Spectrum Analysis Method for Curved Bridges Crossing Strike-Slip Fault Rupture Zones[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2014,19(5):1-4.
[7]惠迎新,王克海,李冲.跨断层地表破裂带桥梁震害研究及抗震概念设计[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(10):145-151.(HUI Ying-xin,WANG Ke-hai,LI Chong.Study of Seismic Damage and Seismic Conceptual Design of Bridges Crossing Fault-Rupture Zones[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2014,31(10):145-151.in Chinese)
[8]Dreger D,Hurtado G,Chopra A,et al.Near-Field Across-Fault Seismic Ground Motions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2011,101(1):202-221.
[9]田玉基,杨庆山,卢明奇.近断层脉冲型地震动的模拟方法[J].地震学报,2007,29(1):77-84.(TIAN Yu-ji,YANG Qing-shan,LU Ming-qi.Simulation Method of Near-Fault Pulse-Type Ground Motion[J].ACTA Seismological Sinica,2007,29(1):77-84.in Chinese)
[10]Thráinsson H,Kiremidjian A S.Simulation of Digital Earthquake Accelerograms Using the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2002,31(12):2 023-2 048.
[11]Makris N,Chang S P.Effect of Viscous,Viscoplastic and Friction Damping on the Response of Seismic Isolated Structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(1):85-107.
[12]Somerville P G.Magnitude Scaling of the Near-Fault Rupture Directivity Pulse[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,2003,137(1):201-212.
[2]Pamuk A,Kalkan E,Ling H I.Structural and Geotechnical Impacts of Surface Rupture on Highway Structures During Recent Earthquakes in Turkey[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2005,25(7):581-589.
[3]王克海,李茜,韦韩.汶川地震对我国地震区划图与桥梁抗震设计的启示[J].工程力学,2010,27(6):120-126.(WANG Ke-hai,LI Qian,WEI Han.Enlightenment from Wenchuan Earthquake to Seismic Zonation and Bridge Seismic Design in China[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(6):120-126.in Chinese)
[4]Oettle N K,Bray J D.Geotechnical Mitigation Strategies for Earthquake Surface Fault Rupture[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2013,139(11):1 864-1 874.
[5]Ucak A,Mavroeidis G P,Tsopelas P.Behavior of a Seismically Isolated Bridge Crossing a Fault Rupture Zone[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2014,57(2):164-178.
[6]Rakesh Goel,Bing Qu,Jennifer Tures,et al.Validation of Fault Rupture-Response Spectrum Analysis Method for Curved Bridges Crossing Strike-Slip Fault Rupture Zones[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2014,19(5):1-4.
[7]惠迎新,王克海,李冲.跨断层地表破裂带桥梁震害研究及抗震概念设计[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(10):145-151.(HUI Ying-xin,WANG Ke-hai,LI Chong.Study of Seismic Damage and Seismic Conceptual Design of Bridges Crossing Fault-Rupture Zones[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2014,31(10):145-151.in Chinese)
[8]Dreger D,Hurtado G,Chopra A,et al.Near-Field Across-Fault Seismic Ground Motions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2011,101(1):202-221.
[9]田玉基,杨庆山,卢明奇.近断层脉冲型地震动的模拟方法[J].地震学报,2007,29(1):77-84.(TIAN Yu-ji,YANG Qing-shan,LU Ming-qi.Simulation Method of Near-Fault Pulse-Type Ground Motion[J].ACTA Seismological Sinica,2007,29(1):77-84.in Chinese)
[10]Thráinsson H,Kiremidjian A S.Simulation of Digital Earthquake Accelerograms Using the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2002,31(12):2 023-2 048.
[11]Makris N,Chang S P.Effect of Viscous,Viscoplastic and Friction Damping on the Response of Seismic Isolated Structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(1):85-107.
[12]Somerville P G.Magnitude Scaling of the Near-Fault Rupture Directivity Pulse[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,2003,137(1):201-212.
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