基于IDA方法的悬索桥地震破坏机理分析中地震输入合理选择
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摘要
以非线性时程分析为基础的IDA方法可作为展现以桥塔为主要目标的悬索桥地震破坏模式研究的有力工具。地震动输入的不确定性是时程分析结果离散性大的决定性因素。因此首先需为以IDA为工具的悬索桥地震破坏模式研究选择恰当的地震动记录以及IM指标。基于地震动记录选波研究现状,明确恰当的选波数量、选波方法及采用的工具和数据库。以悬索桥为对象,根据悬索桥桥塔高阶振动和非线性软化效应的地震响应特点,讨论谱匹配参数设置。以PGMD开放程序为工具,采用两级选波方法在PEER-NGA数据库中选出40条地震动记录,通过对比Sa(T1,5%)和PGA调幅下桥塔地震响应离散性,最终选定18条地震动记录以及PGA为合理的IM指标,并通过悬索桥IDA分析曲线验证选波的合理性。研究详细展示了如何利用现有开放强震数据库,以IDA为工具进行某一特定结构抗震性能研究时,选择合理地震动记录及IM指标的方法及过程,也可为悬索桥地震破坏模式的研究提供基础。
Incremental Dynamic Analysis( IDA) is an effective method for collapse behavior investigation of a suspension bridge based on non-linear time history analysis. Results in structural dynamic response( especially in the non-linear range) vary significantly due to the random nature of ground motions. Thus,preliminary work of this investigation is to find out a suit of appropriate ground motion records and an efficient intensity measure( IM). Based on the state-of-the-art research of earthquake ground motion record selection,appropriate record number for IDA,selection method and Database are determined firstly. Then the key selection parameters of period range for matching spectrum are discussed in detail considering the contribution of higher modes and period elongation caused by inelastic response. Forty initial records are selected from the PEER-NGA database by PGMD web application. Subsequently,by analyzing the dispersion of the seismic responses with Sa( T1,5%) and PGA as IM respectively,18 final refined selection records and PGA as efficient IM are determined,and their rationality is verified by IDA analysis. The selection of reasonable earthquake records as well as efficient IM when using IDA to investigate the seismic performance of a specific structure is elaborated. The research results can provide reference for the investigation of collapse behavior of suspension bridges.
Incremental Dynamic Analysis( IDA) is an effective method for collapse behavior investigation of a suspension bridge based on non-linear time history analysis. Results in structural dynamic response( especially in the non-linear range) vary significantly due to the random nature of ground motions. Thus,preliminary work of this investigation is to find out a suit of appropriate ground motion records and an efficient intensity measure( IM). Based on the state-of-the-art research of earthquake ground motion record selection,appropriate record number for IDA,selection method and Database are determined firstly. Then the key selection parameters of period range for matching spectrum are discussed in detail considering the contribution of higher modes and period elongation caused by inelastic response. Forty initial records are selected from the PEER-NGA database by PGMD web application. Subsequently,by analyzing the dispersion of the seismic responses with Sa( T1,5%) and PGA as IM respectively,18 final refined selection records and PGA as efficient IM are determined,and their rationality is verified by IDA analysis. The selection of reasonable earthquake records as well as efficient IM when using IDA to investigate the seismic performance of a specific structure is elaborated. The research results can provide reference for the investigation of collapse behavior of suspension bridges.
引文
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[11]Han S W,Chopra A K.Approximate incremental dynamic analysis using the modal pushover analysis procedure[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2006,35(15):1853-1873
[12]Han S W,Moon K H,Chopra A K.Application of MPA to estimate probability of collapse of structures[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2010,39(11):1259-1278
[13]Mander J B,Dhakal R P,Mashiko N,et al.Incremental dynamic analysis applied to seismic financial risk assessment of bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2007,29(10):2662-2672
[14]周颖,吕西林,卜一.增量动力分析法在高层混合结构性能评估中的应用[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(2):183-187(Zhou Ying,Lu Xilin,Bo Yi.Application of incremental dynamic analysis to seismic evaluation of hybrid structure[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science,2010,38(2):183-187(in Chinese))
[15]吕大刚,于晓辉,王光远.基于单地震动记录IDA方法的结构倒塌分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(6):33-39(Lu Dagang,Yu Xiaohui,Wang Guangyuan.Structural collapse analysis based on single-record IDA method[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(6):33-39(in Chinese))
[16]Shome N,Cornell C A.Probabilistic seismic demand analysis of nonlinear structures,Report No.RMS-35,RMS Program[R].Stanford,CA:Stanford University,1999
[17]Dolsek M.Incremental dynamic analysis with consideration of modeling uncertainties[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2009(38):805-825
[18]Shome N,Cornell C A,Eeri M,et al.Earthquakes,records and nonlinear responses[J].Earthquake Spectra,1998,14(3):469-500
[19]Bommer J J,Acevedo A B.The use of real earthquake accelerograms as input to dynamic analysis[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2004,8(1):43-91
[20]Stewart J P,Chiou S J,Bray J D,et al.Ground motionevaluation procedures for performance-based design[R].Berkeley,California:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,University of California,Report No.01-09,2001:63-67
[21]Iervolino I,Cornell C A.Record selection for nonlinear seismic analysis of structures[J].Earthquake Spectra,2005,21(3):685-713
[22]SEI/ASCE 7-05.Minimum design loads for building and other structures[S].Reston:American Society of Civil Engineers,2006
[23]Katsanos E I,Sextos A G,Manolis G D.Selection of earthquake ground motion records:A state-of-the-art review from a structural engineering perspective[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(4):157-169
[24]JTG/T B02-01—2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008(JTG/T B02-01—2008Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008(in Chinese))
[25]卜一,吕西林,周颖,等.采用增量动力分析方法确定高层混合结构的性能水准[J].结构工程师,2009,25(2):77-84(Bo Yi,Lu Xilin,Zhou Ying,et al.Studies on the multi-levels of hybrid structures using incremental dynamic analysis[J].Structural Engineers,2009,25(2):77-84(in Chinese))
[2]Bommer J J,Acevedo A B.The use of real earthquake accelerograms as input to dynamic analysis[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2004,8(1):43-91
[3]Arzoumanidis S,Shama A,Ostadan F.Performance-based seismic analysis and design of suspension bridges[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2005,34(4-5):349-367
[4]聂利英,张雷,李硕娇.地震作用下大跨度悬索桥纵向破坏模式研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(4):91-97(Nie Liying,Zhang Lei,Li Shoujiao.Study of the longitudinal failure pattern of long span suspension bridges under earthquake[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(4):91-97(in Chinese))
[5]Catalan A,Benavent-Climent A,Cahis X.Selection and scaling of earthquake records in assessment of structures in low-to-moderate seismicity zones[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(1-2):40-49
[6]王刚.地震波选择方法,工具,及其在基于性能的抗震设计中的应用[C]//第四届粤港澳地震科技研讨会,2010:156-166(Wang Gang.Design ground motion library and its application in performance-based earthquake design of civil infrastructure[C]//4th Guangdong-Hong KongMacau Seminars on Earthquake Science and Technology,2010:156-166(in Chinese))
[7]CEN-1998-1.Eurocode8:Design of structures for earthquake resistance—Part 1:General rules,seismic actions and rules for buildings[S].Final Draft.Brussels:European Committee for Standardization,2003
[8]Vamvatsikos D,Cornell C A.Incremental dynamic analysis[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2002,31(3):491-514
[9]Vamvatsikos D,Cornell C A.Applied incremental dynamic analysis[J].Earthquake Spectra,2004,20(2):523-553
[10]Vamvatsikos D,Cornell C A.Direct estimation of seismic demand and capacity of multidegree-of-freedom systems through incremental dynamic analysis of single degree of freedom approximation[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2005,131(4):589-599
[11]Han S W,Chopra A K.Approximate incremental dynamic analysis using the modal pushover analysis procedure[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2006,35(15):1853-1873
[12]Han S W,Moon K H,Chopra A K.Application of MPA to estimate probability of collapse of structures[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2010,39(11):1259-1278
[13]Mander J B,Dhakal R P,Mashiko N,et al.Incremental dynamic analysis applied to seismic financial risk assessment of bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2007,29(10):2662-2672
[14]周颖,吕西林,卜一.增量动力分析法在高层混合结构性能评估中的应用[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(2):183-187(Zhou Ying,Lu Xilin,Bo Yi.Application of incremental dynamic analysis to seismic evaluation of hybrid structure[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science,2010,38(2):183-187(in Chinese))
[15]吕大刚,于晓辉,王光远.基于单地震动记录IDA方法的结构倒塌分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(6):33-39(Lu Dagang,Yu Xiaohui,Wang Guangyuan.Structural collapse analysis based on single-record IDA method[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(6):33-39(in Chinese))
[16]Shome N,Cornell C A.Probabilistic seismic demand analysis of nonlinear structures,Report No.RMS-35,RMS Program[R].Stanford,CA:Stanford University,1999
[17]Dolsek M.Incremental dynamic analysis with consideration of modeling uncertainties[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2009(38):805-825
[18]Shome N,Cornell C A,Eeri M,et al.Earthquakes,records and nonlinear responses[J].Earthquake Spectra,1998,14(3):469-500
[19]Bommer J J,Acevedo A B.The use of real earthquake accelerograms as input to dynamic analysis[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2004,8(1):43-91
[20]Stewart J P,Chiou S J,Bray J D,et al.Ground motionevaluation procedures for performance-based design[R].Berkeley,California:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,University of California,Report No.01-09,2001:63-67
[21]Iervolino I,Cornell C A.Record selection for nonlinear seismic analysis of structures[J].Earthquake Spectra,2005,21(3):685-713
[22]SEI/ASCE 7-05.Minimum design loads for building and other structures[S].Reston:American Society of Civil Engineers,2006
[23]Katsanos E I,Sextos A G,Manolis G D.Selection of earthquake ground motion records:A state-of-the-art review from a structural engineering perspective[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(4):157-169
[24]JTG/T B02-01—2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008(JTG/T B02-01—2008Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008(in Chinese))
[25]卜一,吕西林,周颖,等.采用增量动力分析方法确定高层混合结构的性能水准[J].结构工程师,2009,25(2):77-84(Bo Yi,Lu Xilin,Zhou Ying,et al.Studies on the multi-levels of hybrid structures using incremental dynamic analysis[J].Structural Engineers,2009,25(2):77-84(in Chinese))
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