井地地震CT成像数值模拟研究与应用
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摘要
由井地地震CT成像原理决定,其在提高生产效率、降低生产成本和扩大勘察范围上具有突出优势.本文针对井地观测系统,重点通过对ART和SIRT重建方法进行数值模拟对比研究,分析得出二者在井地地震CT应用中的优缺点及适用条件,提出了如何提高影响成像质量的射线分布密度、均匀性和正交性.最后选择收敛快速稳定的SIRT算法应用于实际,取得良好的生产效果,很好的验证了井地CT成像技术的正确性,可行性和实用性.
The principle of Well_Ground seismic CT determines that it has the advantages such as higher producing efficiency,lower producing cost and broader exploring areas.This paperfocuses on the well-ground geometry,the relative merits and application conditions between ART and SIRT,and suggests how to enhance the ray density, homogeneity and orthogonality by numerical simulations.Finally,the SIRT which has highest convergence rate is chosen for real work and a good result is obtained.So it proofs that the well-ground seismic CT has the correctness,feasibility and practicability.
The principle of Well_Ground seismic CT determines that it has the advantages such as higher producing efficiency,lower producing cost and broader exploring areas.This paperfocuses on the well-ground geometry,the relative merits and application conditions between ART and SIRT,and suggests how to enhance the ray density, homogeneity and orthogonality by numerical simulations.Finally,the SIRT which has highest convergence rate is chosen for real work and a good result is obtained.So it proofs that the well-ground seismic CT has the correctness,feasibility and practicability.
引文
[1] 李红立,潘冬明,徐红立.井地地震CT技术和应用研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(3) :71-74．
Li H L,Pan D M,Xu H L.Well_ground seismic technology and applied research[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2008,36(3) :71-74．
[2] 杨文采.地球物理反演的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1997,123-158．
Yang W C.Theory and Methods in Geophysical Inversion (in Chinese)[M].Beijing:The Geological Publishing House,1997,123-158．
[3] 杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1993,230-301．
Yang W C,Li Y M.Application of seismic tomography[M].Beijing:The Geological Publishing House,1993,230-301．
[4] 刘盛东,李承华.地震走时层析成像算法与比较[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,29(2) :211-214．
Liu S D,Li C H.Algorithm and comparison of seismic travel time computerized tomography echnique[J].Journal of China University of Minging & Technology,2003,29(2) :211-214．
[5] 宿淑春,王守东,吴律.井间层析成像的平滑SIRT算法[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(6) :29-31．
Su S C,Wang S D,Wu L.Smoothing sirt arithmetic for crosswell travel-time tomography[J].Shiyou Daxue Xuebao,2001,25(6) :29-31．
[6] 刘良琼,刘江平,张英德.井间地震射线走时层析成像数值模拟[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(5) :441-446．
Liu L Q,Liu J P,Zhang Y D.The numerical simulation of crosshole seismic travel time computerized tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2004,1(5) :441-446．
[7] 刘俊.超级计算环境下地震波走时反演系统实现[D].北京:中国科学院超级计算中心,2005．
Liu J.Implementation of seismic travel time inversion under super computing environment[D](in Chinese).Beijing:Supercomputing Center of CAS,2005．
[8] 刘伊克,常旭.地震层析成像反演中解的定量评价及其应用.地球物理学报,2000,43(2) :251-256．
Liu Y K,Chang X.Quantitative assessment of inversion solution ofseismic tomographys and its application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(2) :251-256．
[9] 陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,等.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3) :915-922．
Chen G J,Cao H,Wu Y S,et al.Effects of velocity contrast on the quality of crosswell traveltime tomography and an improved method[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3) :915-922．
[10] 裴正林,余钦范,狄帮让.井间地震层析成分辨率研究[J].物探与化探,2002,26(3) :218-224．
Pei Z L,Yu Q F,Di B R.Resolution in crosshole seismic tomography[J]. Geophysical & GeochemicaL Exploration,2002,26(3) :218-224．
[11] 潘纪顺,张先康,Zhao Ping,等,2D多尺度非线性地震速度成像[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1) :197-205．
Pan J S,Zhang X K,Zhao P,et al.2D multiscale non-linear seismic velocity imaging[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,50(1) :197-205．
[12] 张岭,刘劲松.从AGU2004秋季年会看地震层析成像的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :600-610．
Zhang L,Liu J S.Advance and development in seismic tomography--highlights of AGU 2004 fall meeting[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :600-610．
[13] Chiao L Y,Kuo B Y.Multiscale seismic tomography[J].Geophys J Int,2001,145(2) :517-527．
[14] Bunks C,et al.Multiscale seismic waveform inversion[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1) :498-508．
[15] 喻振华,冯德山,汤井田.地震波速与吸收系数综合层析成像[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4) :1338-1341．
Yu ZH,Feng D S,Tang J T.The seismic tomography of combining velocity and absorption coefficient[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(4) :1338-1341．
Li H L,Pan D M,Xu H L.Well_ground seismic technology and applied research[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2008,36(3) :71-74．
[2] 杨文采.地球物理反演的理论与方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1997,123-158．
Yang W C.Theory and Methods in Geophysical Inversion (in Chinese)[M].Beijing:The Geological Publishing House,1997,123-158．
[3] 杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1993,230-301．
Yang W C,Li Y M.Application of seismic tomography[M].Beijing:The Geological Publishing House,1993,230-301．
[4] 刘盛东,李承华.地震走时层析成像算法与比较[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,29(2) :211-214．
Liu S D,Li C H.Algorithm and comparison of seismic travel time computerized tomography echnique[J].Journal of China University of Minging & Technology,2003,29(2) :211-214．
[5] 宿淑春,王守东,吴律.井间层析成像的平滑SIRT算法[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(6) :29-31．
Su S C,Wang S D,Wu L.Smoothing sirt arithmetic for crosswell travel-time tomography[J].Shiyou Daxue Xuebao,2001,25(6) :29-31．
[6] 刘良琼,刘江平,张英德.井间地震射线走时层析成像数值模拟[J].工程地球物理学报,2004,1(5) :441-446．
Liu L Q,Liu J P,Zhang Y D.The numerical simulation of crosshole seismic travel time computerized tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2004,1(5) :441-446．
[7] 刘俊.超级计算环境下地震波走时反演系统实现[D].北京:中国科学院超级计算中心,2005．
Liu J.Implementation of seismic travel time inversion under super computing environment[D](in Chinese).Beijing:Supercomputing Center of CAS,2005．
[8] 刘伊克,常旭.地震层析成像反演中解的定量评价及其应用.地球物理学报,2000,43(2) :251-256．
Liu Y K,Chang X.Quantitative assessment of inversion solution ofseismic tomographys and its application.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(2) :251-256．
[9] 陈国金,曹辉,吴永栓,等.速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3) :915-922．
Chen G J,Cao H,Wu Y S,et al.Effects of velocity contrast on the quality of crosswell traveltime tomography and an improved method[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3) :915-922．
[10] 裴正林,余钦范,狄帮让.井间地震层析成分辨率研究[J].物探与化探,2002,26(3) :218-224．
Pei Z L,Yu Q F,Di B R.Resolution in crosshole seismic tomography[J]. Geophysical & GeochemicaL Exploration,2002,26(3) :218-224．
[11] 潘纪顺,张先康,Zhao Ping,等,2D多尺度非线性地震速度成像[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1) :197-205．
Pan J S,Zhang X K,Zhao P,et al.2D multiscale non-linear seismic velocity imaging[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,50(1) :197-205．
[12] 张岭,刘劲松.从AGU2004秋季年会看地震层析成像的进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :600-610．
Zhang L,Liu J S.Advance and development in seismic tomography--highlights of AGU 2004 fall meeting[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :600-610．
[13] Chiao L Y,Kuo B Y.Multiscale seismic tomography[J].Geophys J Int,2001,145(2) :517-527．
[14] Bunks C,et al.Multiscale seismic waveform inversion[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1) :498-508．
[15] 喻振华,冯德山,汤井田.地震波速与吸收系数综合层析成像[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4) :1338-1341．
Yu ZH,Feng D S,Tang J T.The seismic tomography of combining velocity and absorption coefficient[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(4) :1338-1341．
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