回填砂土重力式挡土墙地震动土压力研究
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摘要
引用液化度概念定义超静孔隙水压力比发展水平,考虑液化度的时程特征,将土压力视为随着液化度的增加由固体土的动土压力逐渐过渡到粘性流体的动水压力,采用拟动力法推导了动土压力大小、作用点位置以及动土压力分布形式的理论计算方法。结果表明:与Mononobe-Okabe拟静力法和Coulomb静力理论计算结果相比,拟动力法可计算出安全经济的动土压力系数与破坏楔角;动土压力为不规则的非线性分布,液化度较小时呈上抛物线形,液化度较大时呈下抛物线形,且高液化度下,内摩擦角、墙背摩擦角以及地震波放大效应对动土压力的影响减弱。
The concept of extent of liquefaction was applied to definition of the development level of excess pore water pressure ratio.Considering time history character of the extent of liquefaction,the seismic active earth pressure was regarded to convert solid earth pressure to viscous dynamic water pressure with increase of extent of liquefaction.Using pseudo-dynamic method,theoretical calculated methods of seismic active earth pressure,distribution of earth pressure and acting point positions of dynamic earth force were deduced.Results show that compared the method with pseudo-static Mononobe-Okabe method and static Coulomb method,the present method can be used to calculate safe and economic results of earth pressure coefficient and damaged wedge angle.Seismic active earth pressure with non-linear distribution increases with increase of depth of wall.It is upper parabola distribution under low extent of liquefaction and is down parabola distribution under high extent of liquefaction;influence of inner friction angle,angle of wall friction and magnification effect of seismic wave on seismic active earth pressure is weakened under high extent of liquefaction.
The concept of extent of liquefaction was applied to definition of the development level of excess pore water pressure ratio.Considering time history character of the extent of liquefaction,the seismic active earth pressure was regarded to convert solid earth pressure to viscous dynamic water pressure with increase of extent of liquefaction.Using pseudo-dynamic method,theoretical calculated methods of seismic active earth pressure,distribution of earth pressure and acting point positions of dynamic earth force were deduced.Results show that compared the method with pseudo-static Mononobe-Okabe method and static Coulomb method,the present method can be used to calculate safe and economic results of earth pressure coefficient and damaged wedge angle.Seismic active earth pressure with non-linear distribution increases with increase of depth of wall.It is upper parabola distribution under low extent of liquefaction and is down parabola distribution under high extent of liquefaction;influence of inner friction angle,angle of wall friction and magnification effect of seismic wave on seismic active earth pressure is weakened under high extent of liquefaction.
引文
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[5]雷胜友,惠会清.加筋土挡墙土压力计算方法[J].交通运输工程学报,2005,5(2):47-50.LEI Sheng-you,HUI Hui-qing.Earth Pressure Com-putation Method of Reinforced Earth Retaining Wall[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineer-ing,2005,5(2):47-50.
[6]范文,刘聪,俞茂宏.基于统一强度理论的土压力公式[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(6):43-46.FAN Wen,LIU Cong,YU Mao-hong.Formula forEarth Pressure Based on Unified Strength Theory[J].Journal of Chang an University:Natural ScienceEdition,2004,24(6):43-46.
[7]李永刚,李俊伟.挡土墙主动土压力非线性分布[J].太原理工大学学报,2003,34(2):196-198.LI Yong-gang,LI Jun-wei.Non-linear Distribution ofActive Soil Pressure on Retaining Wall[J].Journal ofTaiyuan University of Technology,2003,34(2):196-198.
[8]Internation Navigation Association.Seismic DesignGuidelines for Port Structures[M].London:Taylor&Francis,2002.
[9]ISO 23469:2005,Bases for Design of Structures-Seismic Actions for Designing Geotechnical Works[S].
[10]STEEDMAN R S,ZENG X.The Influence of Phaseon the Calculation of Pseudo-static Earth Pressure ona Retaining Wall[J].Geotechnique,1990,40(1):103-112.
[11]CHOUDHURY D,NIMBALKAR S.Seismic PassiveResistance by Pseudo-dynamic Method[J].Geotech-nique,2005,55(9):699-702.
[12]王丽艳,刘汉龙,蔡艳.用液化度概念评价岩土结构地震液化变形的探讨[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2007,27(4):451-456.WANG Li-yan,LIU Han-long,CAI Yan.Discussionon Assessment of Earth-structure Liquefaction De-formation Based on the Concept of Degree of Lique-faction[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitiga-tion Engineering,2007,27(4):451-456.
[13]SEED H B,MARTIN P P,LYSMER J.The Gener-ation and Dissipation of Pore Water Pressure DuringSoil Liquefaction[R].Berkeley:University of Califor-nia at Berkeley,1975.
[14]WESTERGAARD H M.Water Pressures on DamsDuring Earthquakes[J].Transactions of ASCE,1933(98):418-433.
[2]顾慰慈.挡土墙土压力计算[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2001.GU Wei-ci.Calculation of Earth Pressure on Retain-ing Walls[M].Beijing:China Building Material In-dustry Publishing House,2001.
[3]阮波,冷伍明,李亮.土压力非线性分布的研究[J].长沙铁道学院学报,2001,19(4):73-76.RUAN Bo,LENG Wu-ming,LI Liang.Study on Non-linear Distribution of Active Earth Pressure[J].Jour-nal of Changsha Railway University,2001,19(4):73-76.
[4]张友葩,高永涛,吴顺川,等.失稳挡土墙加固数值分析[J].交通运输工程学报,2003,3(4):17-21.ZHANG You-pa,GAO Yong-tao,WU Shun-chuan,et al.Numerical Analysis of Reinforcement for Un-stable Retaining Wall[J].Journal of Traffic andTransportation Engineering,2003,3(4):17-21.
[5]雷胜友,惠会清.加筋土挡墙土压力计算方法[J].交通运输工程学报,2005,5(2):47-50.LEI Sheng-you,HUI Hui-qing.Earth Pressure Com-putation Method of Reinforced Earth Retaining Wall[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineer-ing,2005,5(2):47-50.
[6]范文,刘聪,俞茂宏.基于统一强度理论的土压力公式[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(6):43-46.FAN Wen,LIU Cong,YU Mao-hong.Formula forEarth Pressure Based on Unified Strength Theory[J].Journal of Chang an University:Natural ScienceEdition,2004,24(6):43-46.
[7]李永刚,李俊伟.挡土墙主动土压力非线性分布[J].太原理工大学学报,2003,34(2):196-198.LI Yong-gang,LI Jun-wei.Non-linear Distribution ofActive Soil Pressure on Retaining Wall[J].Journal ofTaiyuan University of Technology,2003,34(2):196-198.
[8]Internation Navigation Association.Seismic DesignGuidelines for Port Structures[M].London:Taylor&Francis,2002.
[9]ISO 23469:2005,Bases for Design of Structures-Seismic Actions for Designing Geotechnical Works[S].
[10]STEEDMAN R S,ZENG X.The Influence of Phaseon the Calculation of Pseudo-static Earth Pressure ona Retaining Wall[J].Geotechnique,1990,40(1):103-112.
[11]CHOUDHURY D,NIMBALKAR S.Seismic PassiveResistance by Pseudo-dynamic Method[J].Geotech-nique,2005,55(9):699-702.
[12]王丽艳,刘汉龙,蔡艳.用液化度概念评价岩土结构地震液化变形的探讨[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2007,27(4):451-456.WANG Li-yan,LIU Han-long,CAI Yan.Discussionon Assessment of Earth-structure Liquefaction De-formation Based on the Concept of Degree of Lique-faction[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitiga-tion Engineering,2007,27(4):451-456.
[13]SEED H B,MARTIN P P,LYSMER J.The Gener-ation and Dissipation of Pore Water Pressure DuringSoil Liquefaction[R].Berkeley:University of Califor-nia at Berkeley,1975.
[14]WESTERGAARD H M.Water Pressures on DamsDuring Earthquakes[J].Transactions of ASCE,1933(98):418-433.
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