基于地震变形控制的隧道地基注浆抗液化加固效果评价
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摘要
目前理论上主要有两种液化防治思路:一种是限制超孔隙水压力的产生与发展;另一种是减少液化产生的过大变形。目前,基于前一种设计思想的液化处理方法和研究较多,而对基于变形控制的处理方法实施效果的研究则相对有限。从后一种思路出发,基于Biot固结理论,利用循环弹塑性本构模型,通过数值模拟方法,对上海某电厂取排水隧道的地震液化问题进行模拟,建立一种平面应变条件下隧道地震液化变形的数值模拟方法,以评估其注浆预防液化的加固效果。其中重点分析了地震作用下加固前后该隧道地基的位移、加速度、超孔隙水压力等动力反应。结果表明,采用适当的抗液化处理措施可以较好地抑制地基液化变形,这为工程场地抗震设计及液化防治提供了科学依据,对类似工程的可液化场地处理具有良好的借鉴作用。
At present,there are two kinds of theories for anti-liquefaction,i.e.prevention of excess pore water pressure generation and development,and reduction of liquefaction-induced deformations.Up to now,most of researches have paid more attentions to the former,while the latter one has not been fully analyzed.Therefore,focused on the latter theory for anti-liquefaction,by using a cyclic elastoplastic constitutive model,liquefaction analysis of a water intake and outlet tunnel of a power plant in Shanghai is carried out by means of finite element method based on Biot's consolidation theory.A numerical simulation method for earthquake-induced liquefaction deformation is proposed under plane strain conditions to assess anti-liquefaction grouting effect.The dynamic responses including displacements,accelerations,and excess pore water pressures of tunnel foundation before and after reinforcement are analyzed.It is proved that the liquefaction deformations of the tunnel foundation can be effectively reduced by the proper anti-liquefaction measures.Some scientific suggestions for aseismic designs of this project are proposed based on the results of numerical simulation,and they can provide good references for liquefiable ground treatment of other similar projects.
At present,there are two kinds of theories for anti-liquefaction,i.e.prevention of excess pore water pressure generation and development,and reduction of liquefaction-induced deformations.Up to now,most of researches have paid more attentions to the former,while the latter one has not been fully analyzed.Therefore,focused on the latter theory for anti-liquefaction,by using a cyclic elastoplastic constitutive model,liquefaction analysis of a water intake and outlet tunnel of a power plant in Shanghai is carried out by means of finite element method based on Biot's consolidation theory.A numerical simulation method for earthquake-induced liquefaction deformation is proposed under plane strain conditions to assess anti-liquefaction grouting effect.The dynamic responses including displacements,accelerations,and excess pore water pressures of tunnel foundation before and after reinforcement are analyzed.It is proved that the liquefaction deformations of the tunnel foundation can be effectively reduced by the proper anti-liquefaction measures.Some scientific suggestions for aseismic designs of this project are proposed based on the results of numerical simulation,and they can provide good references for liquefiable ground treatment of other similar projects.
引文
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[9]黄雨,八嶋厚，张锋.液化场地桩-土-结构动力相互作用的有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(6):646-651.(HUANG Yu,YASHIMA A,ZHANG Feng.Finite element analysis of pile-soil-structure dynamic interaction in liquefiable site[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(6):646-651.(in Chinese))
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[11]HUANG Y,YASHIMA A,SAWADA K,et al.Numerical assessment of the seismic response of an earth embankment on liquefiable soils[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2008,67(1):31-39.
[2]KUNITA M,TAKEMATA R,IAI Y.Restoration of a tunnel damaged by earthquake[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1994,9(4):439-448.
[3]黄绍铭,高大钊.软土地基与地下工程[M].2版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.(HUANG Shaoming,GAO Dazhao.Foundation and underground engineering in soft ground[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[4]袁大军,黄清飞,王梦恕,等.水底液化地层大型盾构隧道地震响应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增2):3609-3615.(YUAN Dajun,HUANG Qingfei,WANG Mengshu,et al.Study on seismic response of large shield tunnel in submarine liquefiablestrata[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Supp.2):3609-3615.(in Chinese))
[5]凌贤长,唐亮,于恩庆.可液化场地地震振动孔隙水压力增长研究的大型振动台试验及其数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增2):3998-4003.(LING Xianzhang,TANG Liang,YU Enqing.Large-scale shaking table test and its numerical simulation of research on build-up behaviour of seismically-induced pore water pressure in liquefiable site[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.2):3998-4003.(in Chinese))
[6]ZHENG J,SUZUKI K,OHBO N,et al.Evaluation of sheet pile ring countermeasure against liquefaction for oil tank site[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1996,15(6):369-379.
[7]李宏儒.土体动力反应分析方法的分析与改进[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2005.(LI Hongru.Analyses and improvement of the methods for soil dynamic response analyses[M.S.Thesis][D].Xi′an:Xi′an University of Technology,2005.(in Chinese))
[8]周健,白冰,徐建平.土动力学理论与计算[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.(ZHOU Jian,BAI Bing,XU Jianping.Theory and calculation of soil dynamics[M].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.(in Chinese))
[9]黄雨,八嶋厚，张锋.液化场地桩-土-结构动力相互作用的有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(6):646-651.(HUANG Yu,YASHIMA A,ZHANG Feng.Finite element analysis of pile-soil-structure dynamic interaction in liquefiable site[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(6):646-651.(in Chinese))
[10]黄雨,八嶋厚，沢田和秀,等.堤防地基地震液化的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2007,24(12):82-87.(HUANG Yu,YASHIMA A,SAWADA K,et al.Numerical modeling of earthquake liquefaction in earth embankment foundations[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(12):82-87.(in Chinese))
[11]HUANG Y,YASHIMA A,SAWADA K,et al.Numerical assessment of the seismic response of an earth embankment on liquefiable soils[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2008,67(1):31-39.
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