地震类型对加筋土挡土墙长期蠕变后动力响应的影响
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摘要
针对人们对加筋土挡土墙长期蠕变后地震动力响应特性认识还很模糊的问题,利用ABAQUS软件,以一高8m高黏性土填土的加筋土挡土墙为例,同时考虑土体与筋材蠕变效应,对其经历5a蠕变后再遭遇地震作用的整个过程进行了有限元模拟分析,并重点研究了不同类型地震波的影响.其中,土体采用实用弹塑-黏塑性模型,筋材采用土工合成材料循环受载、蠕变和应力松弛统一本构模型.计算结果表明:土体与筋材的明显蠕变效应会导致墙体运行多年后再在地震作用下的总水平位移有较大增加;强震作用下墙体会同时存在内外部2个较危险的滑裂面;峰值相同的不同类型地震波所引起的墙体动力反应差别可能会比较明显,目前只应用加速度峰值进行加筋土挡土墙抗震设计的做法还欠合理.
In order to study the seismic behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls after long-term creep,the process of an 8 m-high cohesive back-filled geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining wall subjected to earthquakes after five years of creep was analyzed with consideration of creep effects of the soil and the reinforcement material simultaneously using the finite element software ABAQUS.The effects of different types of earthquake waves were emphatically studied.In the analysis,the soil and the reinforcement material were modeled using an elastoplastic-viscoplastic model and a unified constitutive model,respectively.The results show that the remarkable creep effects of the soil and reinforcement material can increase total lateral displacement of the wall under earthquake loads after long-term creep;inner and outer potential failure surfaces exist simultaneously under strong earthquake loads;and the differences of dynamic response of the wall may be large under different earthquake waves with same peak acceleration values,thus the current seismic design methods only using peak acceleration values of earthquakes may be lack of rationality.
In order to study the seismic behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls after long-term creep,the process of an 8 m-high cohesive back-filled geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining wall subjected to earthquakes after five years of creep was analyzed with consideration of creep effects of the soil and the reinforcement material simultaneously using the finite element software ABAQUS.The effects of different types of earthquake waves were emphatically studied.In the analysis,the soil and the reinforcement material were modeled using an elastoplastic-viscoplastic model and a unified constitutive model,respectively.The results show that the remarkable creep effects of the soil and reinforcement material can increase total lateral displacement of the wall under earthquake loads after long-term creep;inner and outer potential failure surfaces exist simultaneously under strong earthquake loads;and the differences of dynamic response of the wall may be large under different earthquake waves with same peak acceleration values,thus the current seismic design methods only using peak acceleration values of earthquakes may be lack of rationality.
引文
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[3]LIU Hua-bei,WANG Xiang-yu,SONG Er-xiang.Long-term behavior of GRS retaining walls with marginal backfill soils[J].Geotextilesand Geomembranes,2009,27(4):295-307.
[4]王向余,刘华北,宋二祥.黏性土填土蠕变对土工合成材料加筋土挡土墙响应的影响[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(2):1-5.(WANG Xiang-yu,LIU Hua-bei,SONG Er-xiang.Influences of creep of cohesive back-filled soils on response of geosynthetic-reinforcedsoil retaining walls[J].China Journal ofHighway and Transport,2008,21(2):1-5.(in Chinese))
[5]栾茂田,肖成志,杨庆,等.考虑蠕变性土工格栅加筋挡土墙应力与变形有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(6):857-863.(LUAN Mao-tian,XIAO Cheng-zhi,YANG Qing,et al.FEM based numerical analysis of stresses and deformations of geogrid-reinforcedearth retaining walls[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(6):857-863.(in Chinese))
[6]LIU Hua-bei,WANG Xiang-yu,SONG Er-xiang.Reinforcement load and deformation mode ofgeosynthetic-reinforced soil walls subject toseismic loading during service life[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2011,29(1):1-16.
[7]王向余,刘华北,宋二祥.一种实用的土体统一弹塑-黏塑性本构模型[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2009,37(2):166-170.(WANG Xiang-yu,LIU Hua-bei,SONG Er-xiang.A practical and unified elastoplastic-viscoplastic model ofsoil[J].Journal ofHohaiUniversity:Natural Sciences,2009,37(2):166-170.(in Chinese))
[8]王向余.长期蠕变后大型土工合成材料加筋土结构动力响应研究[D].北京:清华大学,2008.
[9]刘华北.土工合成材料循环受载、蠕变和应力松弛特性的统一本构模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(7):823-828.(LIU Hua-bei.Unified constitutive modeling of the cyclic,creep and stress relaxation behavior of geosynthetics[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2006,28(7):823-828.(in Chinese))
[10]Abaqus theory manual and analysis user’s manual,version6.5[EB].Providence,R.I.:ABAQUS Inc,2004.
[11]ELIAS V,CHRISTOPHER B R.Mechanically stabilized earth walls and reinforced soil slopes,design and construction guidelines[R].Report No.FHWA-SA-96-071.Washington,D.C.:FHWA,1996.
[12]TAKAHASHI A,TAKEMURA J,IZAWA J.Dynamic behavior ofvertical geogrid-reinforced soil during earthquake[C]//YAGI N,JIANGJing-cai.Proceedings ofthe International Symposium on Slope Stability Engineering.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema Publishers,1999:991-996.
[13]TAKAHASHI A,TAKEMURA J,SHIMODAIRA T.Seismic performance of reinforced earth wall with geogrid[C]//Proc15th ICSMGE.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema Publishers,2001:1265-1268.
[14]TATSUOKA F,KOSEKI J,TATEYAMA M,et al.Seismic stability against high seismic loads on geosynthetic-reinforced soil retainingstructures[C]//ROWE R K.Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Geosynthetics.Atlanta,Georgia:Industrial FabricsAssociation International,1998:103-142.
[2]LEE K Z,CHANG N Y,KO H Y.Numerical simulation of geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls under seismic shaking[J].Geotextiles andGeomenbranes,2010,28(4):317-334.
[3]LIU Hua-bei,WANG Xiang-yu,SONG Er-xiang.Long-term behavior of GRS retaining walls with marginal backfill soils[J].Geotextilesand Geomembranes,2009,27(4):295-307.
[4]王向余,刘华北,宋二祥.黏性土填土蠕变对土工合成材料加筋土挡土墙响应的影响[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(2):1-5.(WANG Xiang-yu,LIU Hua-bei,SONG Er-xiang.Influences of creep of cohesive back-filled soils on response of geosynthetic-reinforcedsoil retaining walls[J].China Journal ofHighway and Transport,2008,21(2):1-5.(in Chinese))
[5]栾茂田,肖成志,杨庆,等.考虑蠕变性土工格栅加筋挡土墙应力与变形有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(6):857-863.(LUAN Mao-tian,XIAO Cheng-zhi,YANG Qing,et al.FEM based numerical analysis of stresses and deformations of geogrid-reinforcedearth retaining walls[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(6):857-863.(in Chinese))
[6]LIU Hua-bei,WANG Xiang-yu,SONG Er-xiang.Reinforcement load and deformation mode ofgeosynthetic-reinforced soil walls subject toseismic loading during service life[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2011,29(1):1-16.
[7]王向余,刘华北,宋二祥.一种实用的土体统一弹塑-黏塑性本构模型[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2009,37(2):166-170.(WANG Xiang-yu,LIU Hua-bei,SONG Er-xiang.A practical and unified elastoplastic-viscoplastic model ofsoil[J].Journal ofHohaiUniversity:Natural Sciences,2009,37(2):166-170.(in Chinese))
[8]王向余.长期蠕变后大型土工合成材料加筋土结构动力响应研究[D].北京:清华大学,2008.
[9]刘华北.土工合成材料循环受载、蠕变和应力松弛特性的统一本构模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(7):823-828.(LIU Hua-bei.Unified constitutive modeling of the cyclic,creep and stress relaxation behavior of geosynthetics[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2006,28(7):823-828.(in Chinese))
[10]Abaqus theory manual and analysis user’s manual,version6.5[EB].Providence,R.I.:ABAQUS Inc,2004.
[11]ELIAS V,CHRISTOPHER B R.Mechanically stabilized earth walls and reinforced soil slopes,design and construction guidelines[R].Report No.FHWA-SA-96-071.Washington,D.C.:FHWA,1996.
[12]TAKAHASHI A,TAKEMURA J,IZAWA J.Dynamic behavior ofvertical geogrid-reinforced soil during earthquake[C]//YAGI N,JIANGJing-cai.Proceedings ofthe International Symposium on Slope Stability Engineering.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema Publishers,1999:991-996.
[13]TAKAHASHI A,TAKEMURA J,SHIMODAIRA T.Seismic performance of reinforced earth wall with geogrid[C]//Proc15th ICSMGE.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkema Publishers,2001:1265-1268.
[14]TATSUOKA F,KOSEKI J,TATEYAMA M,et al.Seismic stability against high seismic loads on geosynthetic-reinforced soil retainingstructures[C]//ROWE R K.Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Geosynthetics.Atlanta,Georgia:Industrial FabricsAssociation International,1998:103-142.
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