三峡升船机结构地震反应分析
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摘要
三峡升船机是长江三峡工程通航建筑物的一个重要组成部分,也是目前世界上规模最大、技术难度最高的升船机。地震作用增加了升船机结构特别是其导向系统设计的难度,抗震问题成为升船机研究中的一个关键方面。采用数值模拟的方法,研究三峡升船机结构的动力特性、结构的加速度与位移反应、墙体应力与联系梁内力反应,同时还分析比较多种因素对船厢与塔柱之间地震耦合力的影响。结果表明,船厢内水体的基频远离塔柱结构的基频,水体对塔柱结构的动力影响不大;塔柱结构墙体应力不大,但是顶部联系梁特别是在横梁变截面处及梁根部附近局部区域内力较大;各种因素对横导向机构的地震耦合力影响不大,横导向耦合力约为1MN;纵导向地震耦合力较大,并显著受到多种因素的影响;船厢在上部时纵导向地震耦合力最大,但是阻尼器的设置可以有效地降低纵导向耦合力,增加相当于5%阻尼比的阻尼器即可以使耦合力从8.11MN降低为6.98MN。
Three Gorges project ship lift is an important part of the Yangtze Three Gorges project's navigation building.It is also the largest ship lift in the world today.Earthquake action increases the degree of difficulty in the design of the ship lift structure,especially the guiding systems,so seismic investigation constitutes a key aspect of ship lift study.Numerical simulation is conducted to study the dynamic characteristics,acceleration responses and displacement responses,wall stresses and beam inner forces of the ship lift structure.Multiple influence factors of the guiding system coupling forces are analyzed and compared.It is found that water in the ship has little influence on the tower's dynamic response since the first frequency of water is far away from that of the tower.The stresses in the wall are not very large,but the inner forces of the link beams at the top of the tower are somewhat large,especially at the beam variable-cross-section positions and the butts.The transverse guiding system coupling forces are near 1MN,which meets the design demand.The longitudinal guiding systems coupling forces are large and influenced by lots of factors,and the largest values are reached when the ship is at the upper position.However,the dashpot is useful to decrease the longitudinal coupling forces effectively.When the dashpot is designed with 5% damping ratio,and the longitudinal guiding system coupling forces will decrease from 8.11MN to 6.98MN.
Three Gorges project ship lift is an important part of the Yangtze Three Gorges project's navigation building.It is also the largest ship lift in the world today.Earthquake action increases the degree of difficulty in the design of the ship lift structure,especially the guiding systems,so seismic investigation constitutes a key aspect of ship lift study.Numerical simulation is conducted to study the dynamic characteristics,acceleration responses and displacement responses,wall stresses and beam inner forces of the ship lift structure.Multiple influence factors of the guiding system coupling forces are analyzed and compared.It is found that water in the ship has little influence on the tower's dynamic response since the first frequency of water is far away from that of the tower.The stresses in the wall are not very large,but the inner forces of the link beams at the top of the tower are somewhat large,especially at the beam variable-cross-section positions and the butts.The transverse guiding system coupling forces are near 1MN,which meets the design demand.The longitudinal guiding systems coupling forces are large and influenced by lots of factors,and the largest values are reached when the ship is at the upper position.However,the dashpot is useful to decrease the longitudinal coupling forces effectively.When the dashpot is designed with 5% damping ratio,and the longitudinal guiding system coupling forces will decrease from 8.11MN to 6.98MN.
引文
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[3]GB 50011—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001(GB 50011—2001 Code for seismicdesign of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2001(in Chinese))
[4]GB 18306—2001中国地震动参数区划图[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001(GB 18306—2001 Seismic groundmotion parameter zonation map of China[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2001(in Chinese))
[5]Housner G W.Dynamic pressure on accelerated fluidcontainers[J].Bulletin of the Seismological of America,1957,47(1):15-35
[6]JGJ 3—2002高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002(JGJ 3—2002 Technicalspecification for concrete structures of tall building[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2002(inChinese))
[7]高季章.长江三峡水利枢纽升船机安全可靠性评估报告[R].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,机械科学研究总院,中船重工集团公司第709研究所,2007
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