汶川地震区映秀——卧龙公路边坡崩塌类型的赤平投影解法
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摘要
汶川地震后,公路岩质边坡结构面发育,极易失稳形成崩塌。从发育的多组结构面中选取典型的结构面作为形成崩塌的控崩结构面,并通过对结构面所处边坡的工程地质条件分析得出控崩结构面的选取原则;考虑控崩结构面与边坡临空面的空间位置关系,运用赤平投影解法重点分析一组和两组控崩结构面与边坡临空面的图解关系;将震后公路边坡发生崩塌分为三种类型:滑移式、坠落式和倾倒式,结合边坡岩性、坡形、坡度、坡高等因素,得到了震后公路边坡崩塌三种类型的判据;将其应用到汶川地震后映秀—卧龙公路沿线边坡发育的典型崩塌中,得出的崩塌类型与实际相符。
After the earthquake,there grows structural surfaces in highway rocky slope,they easily become unstable to collapse.Choose the typical structural surfaces from many ones as structural surfaces controlling rockfall,then analyze the engineering geological conditions of structural surface in the slope,selecting principles of structural surface controlling rockfall are obtained.Considering the space position between structural surface controlling rockfall and free face of the slope,using stereographic projection method,emphatically analyze the space relation between a group or two structural surfaces controlling collapse and free face of the slope.Post-earthquake collapses happened to highway slope are divided into three collapse types,including sliding type,toppling type and falling type.Combined with factors including slope lithology,slope shape,slope gradient and slope height,the criterion of three collapse types for post-earthquake highway slope are obtained.Collapses types from the given criterion using the typical collapses growing in highway from Yingxiu to Wolong are in accord with the actual condition.
After the earthquake,there grows structural surfaces in highway rocky slope,they easily become unstable to collapse.Choose the typical structural surfaces from many ones as structural surfaces controlling rockfall,then analyze the engineering geological conditions of structural surface in the slope,selecting principles of structural surface controlling rockfall are obtained.Considering the space position between structural surface controlling rockfall and free face of the slope,using stereographic projection method,emphatically analyze the space relation between a group or two structural surfaces controlling collapse and free face of the slope.Post-earthquake collapses happened to highway slope are divided into three collapse types,including sliding type,toppling type and falling type.Combined with factors including slope lithology,slope shape,slope gradient and slope height,the criterion of three collapse types for post-earthquake highway slope are obtained.Collapses types from the given criterion using the typical collapses growing in highway from Yingxiu to Wolong are in accord with the actual condition.
引文
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[2]孙玉科,牟会宠,姚宝魁.边坡岩体稳定性分析[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.SUN Yuke,MOU Huichong,YAO Baokui.Analysis onthe slope rock mass stability[M].Beijing:SciencePress,1988.
[3]苏生瑞,王贵荣,黄强兵.地质实习教程[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2005.SU Shengrui,WANG Guirong,HUANG Qiangbing.Geological practice course[M].Beijing:People’sJiaotong Press,2005.
[4]胡厚田.崩塌与落石[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1989.HU Houtian.Collapse and rockfalls[M].Beijing:ChinaRailway Publishing House,1989.
[5]苏生瑞.构造地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,2011.SU Shengrui.Structural geology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2011.
[6]李松.震后公路边坡崩塌灾害分类与形成机理研究[D].长安大学硕士学位论文,2011.LI Song.Study on classifications and mechanism ofcollapses disaster on highway slope after Wenchuanearthquake[D].Chang-an University,Master’s DegreeThesis,2011.
[7]HOEK E,BARY J W.Rock Slope Engineering[M].Beijing:Metallurgy Industry Publication House,1983.
[8]王立人,宋克强.崩塌的形成以及危岩体的稳定性分析[J].陕西水利发电,1990,3:16-22.WANG Liren,SONG Keqiang.Collapse formation andanalysis on rock mass stability[J].Shaanxi Water PowerGeneration,1990,3:16-22.
[9]卢达.基于赤平投影法的岩质边坡稳定性分析[J].铁道建筑,2009,11:69-71.LU Da.Analysis on rock slope stability based onstereographic projection method[J].RailwayConstruction,2009,11:69-71.
[10]吴绍强.极射赤平投影法在岩质边坡稳定性分析中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2009,10:117-120.WU Shaoqiang.The application in rock slope stabilityanalysis with stereographic projection method[J].Western Exploration Engineering,2009,10:117-120.
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