公路隧道地震响应计算的拟静力法
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摘要
鉴于对公路隧道抗震计算的简化算法迄今研究尚少,提出了一种适用于公路隧道地震响应计算的拟静力法。以Ⅳ级围岩中的双车道公路隧道为例,通过将衬砌结构视为弹性地基上的框架结构,将结构承受的水平地震力简化为作用在结构单元结点上的等效水平集中力,侧向地基弹性抗力假设为按倒三角形分布,墙底为零,拱顶为最大值,其值按与水平等效地震力平衡的原则确定。通过比选确定水平地震作用修正系数η的取值,即可由结构静力分析得到与结构动力响应分布图形相似、最大值十分接近的等效弯矩图,其相应的最大轴力值和最大剪力值,可通过由结构静力分析得到的内力图结果分别乘以轴力、剪力调整系数获得。提出的方法可供工程设计及公路隧道地震响应进一步研究参考。
Rare researches were focused on the simplified method of aseismic calculation for highway tunnels.A quasi-static calculation of the seismic response of highway tunnel is proposed.In this method,the tunnel lining structure is regarded as frame structure on elastic foundation,and the horizontal seismic force on the structure is simplified as equivalent horizontal concentrated force on element nodes of the structure.The lateral elastic resistance is assumed to be distributed in an inverted triangle,which is zero at the bottom of the wall and reaches the maximum at the vault.The value of lateral elastic resistance should be in balance with horizontal equivalent seismic force.A double-lane highway tunnel with rock of grade Ⅳ is taken as a case study.Through comparison and selection,the value of correction coefficient η of the horizontal seismic action is determined.Hence,through static structural analysis,the equivalent bending moment diagram is obtained,which is similar to the distribution graph of dynamic analysis,with the maximum values close to each other.The corresponding maximum axial force and maximum shear force can be obtained through respectively multiplying the adjustment coefficient of axial force and shear force by the internal force resulted from the static structural analysis.The method could be taken as a reference for engineering design and further research.
Rare researches were focused on the simplified method of aseismic calculation for highway tunnels.A quasi-static calculation of the seismic response of highway tunnel is proposed.In this method,the tunnel lining structure is regarded as frame structure on elastic foundation,and the horizontal seismic force on the structure is simplified as equivalent horizontal concentrated force on element nodes of the structure.The lateral elastic resistance is assumed to be distributed in an inverted triangle,which is zero at the bottom of the wall and reaches the maximum at the vault.The value of lateral elastic resistance should be in balance with horizontal equivalent seismic force.A double-lane highway tunnel with rock of grade Ⅳ is taken as a case study.Through comparison and selection,the value of correction coefficient η of the horizontal seismic action is determined.Hence,through static structural analysis,the equivalent bending moment diagram is obtained,which is similar to the distribution graph of dynamic analysis,with the maximum values close to each other.The corresponding maximum axial force and maximum shear force can be obtained through respectively multiplying the adjustment coefficient of axial force and shear force by the internal force resulted from the static structural analysis.The method could be taken as a reference for engineering design and further research.
引文
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[9]GB50011—2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S].(GB50011—2010,Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].(in Chi-nese))
[2]高波,王峥峥,袁松,等.汶川地震公路隧道震害启示[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(3):336-341.(GAO Bo,WANG Zheng-zheng,YUAN Song,et al.Lessons Learnt from Damage of Highway Tunnels in Wen-chuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong Uni-versity,2009,44(3):336-341.(in Chinese))
[3]谢康和,周健.岩土工程有限元分析理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.(XIE Kang-he,ZHOUJian.Theory and Application of Rock-Soil Finite ElementAnalysis[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chi-nese))
[4]周健,徐冰,徐建平.土动力学理论与计算[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.(ZHOU Jian,XUBing,XU Jian-ping.Theories and Calculations of SoilDynamics[M].Beijing:China Architecture&BuildingPress,2001.(in Chinese))
[5]杨林德,杨超,季倩倩,等.地铁车站的振动台试验与地震响应的计算方法[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(10):1135-1140.(YANG Lin-de,YANG Chao,JIQian-qian,et al.Shaking Table Test and Numerical Cal-culation on Subway Station Structures in Soft Soil[J].Journal of Tongji University,2003,31(10):1135-1140.(in Chinese))
[6]杨林德,季倩倩,郑永来,等.地铁车站结构振动台试验中模型箱设计的研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):75-78.(YANG Lin-de,JI qian-qian,ZHENGYong-lai,et al.Study on Design of Test Box in ShakingTable Test for Subway Station Structure Station Structurein Soft Soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2004,26(1):75-78.(in Chinese))
[7]杨林德,王国波,郑永来,等.地铁车站接头结构振动台模型试验及地震响应的三维数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(12):1892-1898.(YANG Lin-de,WANG Guo-bo,ZHENG Yong-lai,et al.Shaking TableTests on Subway Station Joint Structure and 3D NumericalSimulation of Seismic Response[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2007,29(12):1892-1898.(in Chinese))
[8]季倩倩.地铁车站结构振动台模型试验研究[D].上海:同济大学地下建筑与工程系,2002.(JI Qian-qian.Model Test on Shaker Table of Subway Station Structure[D].Shanghai:Department of Geotechnical Engineeringof Tongji University,2002.(in Chinese))
[9]GB50011—2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S].(GB50011—2010,Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].(in Chi-nese))
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