地震作用下中等跨径RC连续梁桥系统易损性研究
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摘要
中等跨径混凝土连续梁桥是一种广泛应用的桥梁结构形式,地震作用下该类桥梁的破坏主要体现在桥墩、桥台和支座位置。以一典型多跨连续梁桥为例,考虑材料强度和上部结构容重等不确定性因素的影响,运用拉丁超立方抽样方法建立了10个桥梁样本。根据场地类型从PEER强震数据库中选取100条地震波来模拟地震动的不确定性,并与10个桥梁样本随机组合。对结构进行非线性时程分析后得到结构的响应,并分别定义了各构件的四种极限破坏状态,采用传统可靠度概率方法形成了桥墩、桥台和支座的易损性曲线,并运用联合失效概率方法研究了结构的系统易损性。研究结果表明:该类型桥梁的支座比墩柱、桥台更容易遭受地震破坏,尤其是桥台处活动支座;采用一阶界限法和二阶界限法计算的结构系统失效概率均大于各构件破坏概率,显然用结构系统易损性来评估桥梁抗震性能更为合理。
Medium span multi-span continuous RC bridges,whose main failure modes are reflected in piers,abutments or bearings,are widely used in China.One common continuous girder bridge is taken as the analytical model;uncertainties in the strength of material and the weight of superstructure are considered,then a set of 10 nominally identical but statistically different bridge samples are developed for the bridge using the Latin hypercube sampling technique.100 earthquake records are chosen from PEER according to the site condition of bridge to account for the uncertainty of ground motions,and then combined randomly with 10 bridge samples.Then,a series of nonlinear time-history analyses are conducted to obtain the responses of structure,and four limit states for different components are defined.vunerability curves of piers,abutments and bearings are obtained utilizing the traditional reliability and probability tools,and furthermore the system vulnerability of structure is studied using the joint failure probability method.The results show that the bearings,especially the active bearing of abutment,are more vulnerable than the column piers and the abutments.The failure probability of bridge system,which is calculated using the first-order and the second-order reliability principles,is larger than those of structural members,indicating that it is more reasonable to assess the seismic behavior of bridge basing on the system vulnerability.
Medium span multi-span continuous RC bridges,whose main failure modes are reflected in piers,abutments or bearings,are widely used in China.One common continuous girder bridge is taken as the analytical model;uncertainties in the strength of material and the weight of superstructure are considered,then a set of 10 nominally identical but statistically different bridge samples are developed for the bridge using the Latin hypercube sampling technique.100 earthquake records are chosen from PEER according to the site condition of bridge to account for the uncertainty of ground motions,and then combined randomly with 10 bridge samples.Then,a series of nonlinear time-history analyses are conducted to obtain the responses of structure,and four limit states for different components are defined.vunerability curves of piers,abutments and bearings are obtained utilizing the traditional reliability and probability tools,and furthermore the system vulnerability of structure is studied using the joint failure probability method.The results show that the bearings,especially the active bearing of abutment,are more vulnerable than the column piers and the abutments.The failure probability of bridge system,which is calculated using the first-order and the second-order reliability principles,is larger than those of structural members,indicating that it is more reasonable to assess the seismic behavior of bridge basing on the system vulnerability.
引文
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[13]Hwang H,刘晶波.地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥梁结构易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(6):47-51(Hwang H,Liu Jingbo.Seismic fragility analysis ofreinforced concrete bridges[J].China Civil EngineeringJournal,2004,37(6):47-51(in Chinese))
[14]Pan Y,Agrawal A K,Ghosn M.Seismic fragility ofcontinuous steel highway bridges in New York State[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2007,12(6):689-699
[15]JTG/T B02-01—2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008(JTG/T B02-01—2008Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communication Press,2008(in Chinese))
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[17]焦驰宇.基于性能的大跨斜拉桥地震易损性分析[D].上海:同济大学,2008(Jiao Chiyu.Seismic fragilityanalysis of long-span cable-stayed bridges based onperformance[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2008(inChinese))
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[19]JT/T663—2006公路桥梁板式橡胶支座规格系列[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2007(JT/T663—2006Series ofelastomeric pad bearings for highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2007(in Chinese))
[20]Cornell C A.Bounds on the reliability of structural systems[J].Journal of Structural Division,1967,93(1):171-200
[21]Ditlevsen O.Narrow reliability bounds for structuralsystems[J].Journal of Structural Mechanics,1979,7(4):453-472
[2]Shinozuka M,Feng M Q,Lee J,et al.Statistical analysisof fragility curves[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2000,126(2):1224-1231
[3]Padgett J E,Desroches R.Sensitivity of seismic responseand fragility to parameter uncertainty[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering,2007,133(12):1710-1718
[4]张菊辉.基于数值模拟的规则梁桥墩柱的地震易损性分析[D].上海:同济大学,2006(Zhang Juhui.Studyon seismic vulnerability analysis of normal beam bridgepiers based on numerical simulation[D].Shanghai:TongjiUniversity,2006(in Chinese))
[5]张海燕.基于位移的概率地震需求分析与结构抗震设计研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005(Zhang Haiyan.Displacement-based probabilistic seismic demand analysisand structural seismic design research[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2005(in Chinese))
[6]王建民,王国亮,聂建国,等.基于概率的桥梁结构地震危害性分析[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(11):86-93(Wang Jianmin,Wang Guoliang,Nie Jianguo,et al.Probability based seismic risk analysis of bridge structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(11):86-93(in Chinese))
[7]李立峰,吴文朋,黄佳梅,等.板式橡胶支座地震易损性分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,38(11):1-6(Li Lifeng,Wu Wenpeng,Huang Jiamei,et al.Research on the seismic vulnerability analysis of laminatedrubber bearing[J].Journal of Hunan University:NaturalSciences Edition,2011,38(11):1-6(in Chinese))
[8]Nielson B G,Desroches R.Seismic fragility methodologyfor highway bridges using a component level approach[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2007,36(6):823-839
[9]杨常生.公路桥梁板式橡胶支座应用分析与研究[D].天津:天津大学,2007(Yang Changsheng.Analysis andstudy on the application of plate type elastomeric padbearings for highway bridges[D].Tianjin:TianjinUniversity,2007(in Chinese))
[10]范立础,卓卫东.桥梁延性抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001
[11]Nowak A S,Collins K R.Reliability of structures[M].Boston:McGraw-Hill Book Company,2000
[12]张明.结构可靠度分析——方法与程序[M].北京:科学出版社,2009(Zhang Ming.Structural reliabilityanalysis—methods and procedures[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2009(in Chinese))
[13]Hwang H,刘晶波.地震作用下钢筋混凝土桥梁结构易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(6):47-51(Hwang H,Liu Jingbo.Seismic fragility analysis ofreinforced concrete bridges[J].China Civil EngineeringJournal,2004,37(6):47-51(in Chinese))
[14]Pan Y,Agrawal A K,Ghosn M.Seismic fragility ofcontinuous steel highway bridges in New York State[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2007,12(6):689-699
[15]JTG/T B02-01—2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008(JTG/T B02-01—2008Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communication Press,2008(in Chinese))
[16]Seismic design criteria[S].Version 1.5.California:California Department of Transportation,2009
[17]焦驰宇.基于性能的大跨斜拉桥地震易损性分析[D].上海:同济大学,2008(Jiao Chiyu.Seismic fragilityanalysis of long-span cable-stayed bridges based onperformance[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2008(inChinese))
[18]谢旭.桥梁结构地震响应分析与抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006(Xie Xu.Seismic response andearthquake resistant design of bridges[M].Beijing:ChinaCommunications Press,2006(in Chinese))
[19]JT/T663—2006公路桥梁板式橡胶支座规格系列[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2007(JT/T663—2006Series ofelastomeric pad bearings for highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2007(in Chinese))
[20]Cornell C A.Bounds on the reliability of structural systems[J].Journal of Structural Division,1967,93(1):171-200
[21]Ditlevsen O.Narrow reliability bounds for structuralsystems[J].Journal of Structural Mechanics,1979,7(4):453-472
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