非一致地震激励下列车-轨道-桥梁耦合振动模型
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摘要
为探讨行波效应对地震作用下高速铁路桥上列车行车安全性的影响,基于列车-轨道-桥梁动力相互作用理论,采用35个自由度的机车车辆模型、板式无砟轨道模型和桥梁有限元模型,通过引入地震多点激励模式,建立了非一致地震激励下的列车-轨道-桥梁耦合振动模型,并编制了相应的仿真分析程序.以跨度32 m的简支梁桥为例,输入El Centro地震波,计算了一致激励和行波激励下车桥系统的动力响应.结果表明:行波效应对耦合系统动力响应幅值的影响很大.当车速为350 km/h、行波速度为300 m/s时的脱轨系数、轮重减载率和轮轨横向力比一致激励分别降低84.1%、19.5%和87.8%.因此,忽略行波效应可能造成对地震时桥上列车行车安全的误判.
In order to analyze the effects of traveling wave effect on the running safety of a train running over a high-speed railway bridge subjected to earthquake action,a dynamic model for traintrack-bridge system subjected to non-uniform seismic excitation was set up based on the train-trackbridge dynamic interaction theory and by introducing a seismic multi-support excitation mode. This dynamic model consists of a vehicle model with 35 degrees-of-freedom,a slab track model and an FEM( finite element method) bridge model. A simulated analysis program was compiled. As an example,a simply-supported beam bridge with a span of 32 m was modeled,and the dynamic responses of vehicle and bridge system under uniform and non-uniform El Centro seismic excitations were calculated. The analysis results show that the traveling wave effect has a great influence on the dynamic responses' amplitudes of the coupling system. When the train speed is 350 km / h and traveling wave speed is300 m / s,the derailment coefficient,the wheel unloading rate and the wheel-rail lateral force reduce by 84. 1%,19. 5% and 87. 8% respectively compared with uniform seismic excitation. So,when the traveling wave effect is ignored,the judgment of the running safety of a train passing a bridge under earthquake action may be wrong.
In order to analyze the effects of traveling wave effect on the running safety of a train running over a high-speed railway bridge subjected to earthquake action,a dynamic model for traintrack-bridge system subjected to non-uniform seismic excitation was set up based on the train-trackbridge dynamic interaction theory and by introducing a seismic multi-support excitation mode. This dynamic model consists of a vehicle model with 35 degrees-of-freedom,a slab track model and an FEM( finite element method) bridge model. A simulated analysis program was compiled. As an example,a simply-supported beam bridge with a span of 32 m was modeled,and the dynamic responses of vehicle and bridge system under uniform and non-uniform El Centro seismic excitations were calculated. The analysis results show that the traveling wave effect has a great influence on the dynamic responses' amplitudes of the coupling system. When the train speed is 350 km / h and traveling wave speed is300 m / s,the derailment coefficient,the wheel unloading rate and the wheel-rail lateral force reduce by 84. 1%,19. 5% and 87. 8% respectively compared with uniform seismic excitation. So,when the traveling wave effect is ignored,the judgment of the running safety of a train passing a bridge under earthquake action may be wrong.
引文
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[15]ZHAI Wanming.Two simple fast integration methods for large scale dynamic problems in engineering[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1996,39(24):4199-4214.
[2]XIA H,HAN Y,ZHANG N,et al.Dynamic analysis of train-bridge system subjected to non-uniform seismic excitations[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2006,35(12):1563-1579.
[3]王少林,翟婉明.地震作用下高速列车-线路-桥梁系统动力响应[J].西南交通大学学报,2011,46(1):56-62.WANG Shaolin,ZHAI Wanming.Dynamic responses of high-speed train-track-bridge system under seismic excitations[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2011,46(1):56-62.
[4]YANG Y B,WU Y S.Dynamic stability of trains moving over bridges shaken by earthquakes[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2002,258(1):65-94.
[5]DU X T,XU Y L,XIA H.Dynamic interaction of bridge-train system under non-uniform seismic ground motion[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2012,41(1):139-157.
[6]熊建珍,高芒芒,俞翰斌.天兴洲长江大桥斜拉桥在地震作用下的车-桥耦合振动分析[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(5):54-59.XIONG Jianzhen,GAO Mangmang,YU Hanbin.Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis of cablestayed bridge of Tianxingzhou Yangtze River bridge under earthquakes[J].China Railway Science,2006,27(5):54-59.
[7]邓子铭,郭向荣,张志勇.地震作用对钢桁梁桥车桥系统耦合振动的影响分析[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,42(1):184-191.DENG Ziming,GUO Xiangrong,ZHANG Zhiyong.Coupled vibration of train-bridge system of steel truss bridge with seismic effect[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2011,42(1):184-191.
[8]谭长建,祝兵.地震作用下高速列车与桥梁耦合振动分析[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(1):4-8.TAN Changjian,ZHU Bing.Coupled vibration analysis of high speed train and bridge subjected to seismic excitation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(1):4-8.
[9]李小珍,雷虎军.基于多点激励的刚构-连续组合梁桥行波效应分析[J].桥梁建设,2012,42(6):33-38.LI Xiaozhen,LEI Hujun.Analysis of traveling wave effect of hybrid bridge of rigid-frame and continuous girder based on multi-support excitation[J].Bridge Construction,2012,42(6):33-38.
[10]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学[M].3版.北京:科学出版社,2007:38-71.
[11]刘德军.风-列车-线路-桥梁系统耦合振动研究[D].成都:西南交通大学土木工程学院,2010.
[12]克拉夫R,彭津J.结构动力学[M].2版.王光远,译.北京:高等教育出版社,2007:523-542.
[13]VERMEULEN J K,JOHNSON K L.Contact of nonspherical bodies transmitting tangential forces[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1964,31:338-340.
[14]翟婉明,夏禾.列车-轨道-桥梁动力相互作用理论与工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:97-98.
[15]ZHAI Wanming.Two simple fast integration methods for large scale dynamic problems in engineering[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1996,39(24):4199-4214.
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