SV波斜入射下局部地形对隧道地震响应的影响
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摘要
不规则地形及地震波斜入射引起的局部场地地震动空间变化,会对隧道的整体动力响应产生影响.本文基于波动理论建立了可同时考虑局部不规则地形影响和地震波斜入射引起的,非一致地震动输入的隧道整体动力响应分析模型,进而研究了单一坡地地形及相邻地形下,SV波以不同方向、不同角度入射时的隧道地震动力响应.结果表明:局部不规则地形下SV波斜入射时产生的波形转换会造成隧道周边的应力分布及最大动力响应位置发生明显改变,隧道的潜在不稳定性增加,而SV波的入射方向则决定了隧道各关键节点位移动力响应的变化趋势.因此在进行地震敏感区隧道地震动力危险性分析时,应同时考虑地震波入射角度、入射方向及地形条件等因素的影响.
The spatial variation of local ground motion caused by irregular topography and obliquely incident seismic waves will have influence on the global dynamic response analysis of tunnels.Based on wave theory,a whole numerical dynamic analysis model of tunnels was established,which simultaneously considered the effect of local irregular sites and the inconsistency of seismic waves caused by special obliquely incident direction.The model was used to evaluate the seismic response of tunnels subjected to obliquely incident SV seismic waves under slope and neighboring topography.Among the main conclusions of the study are that wave-type conversion caused by obliquely incident SV seismic waves and local topographic effects can make a change on the stress state of tunnel periphery,as well as the location of maximum dynamic response of tunnels.As a result,the potential instability of tunnels will increase.Moreover,the incident direction of SV waves has significant effect on the changing trend of dynamic-displacement responses of key points in tunnel.In view of this,the incident angle and the incident direction of SV waves as well as the topographic condition should be taken into account simultaneously in the seismic safety risk assessment of tunnels,especially in areas susceptible to seismic phenomena.
The spatial variation of local ground motion caused by irregular topography and obliquely incident seismic waves will have influence on the global dynamic response analysis of tunnels.Based on wave theory,a whole numerical dynamic analysis model of tunnels was established,which simultaneously considered the effect of local irregular sites and the inconsistency of seismic waves caused by special obliquely incident direction.The model was used to evaluate the seismic response of tunnels subjected to obliquely incident SV seismic waves under slope and neighboring topography.Among the main conclusions of the study are that wave-type conversion caused by obliquely incident SV seismic waves and local topographic effects can make a change on the stress state of tunnel periphery,as well as the location of maximum dynamic response of tunnels.As a result,the potential instability of tunnels will increase.Moreover,the incident direction of SV waves has significant effect on the changing trend of dynamic-displacement responses of key points in tunnel.In view of this,the incident angle and the incident direction of SV waves as well as the topographic condition should be taken into account simultaneously in the seismic safety risk assessment of tunnels,especially in areas susceptible to seismic phenomena.
引文
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[2]王蕾,赵成刚,曲铁军.SV波入射下地形条件对大跨刚构桥地震响应的影响[J].地震学报,2008,30(3):308-314.WANG Lei,ZHAO Chenggang,QU Tiejun.Seismic re-sponse of long-span rigid-framed bridge to incident SV wavewith topographic effect being considered[J].Acta Seismo-logica Sinica,2008,30(3):308-314.(in Chinese)
[3]郜新军,赵成刚,张延.多源散射黏弹性叠加人工边界探究及在桥梁工程中的应用[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(11):130-138.GAO Xinjun,ZHAO Chenggang,ZHANG Yan.A studyof viscous-spring superposition artificial boundary for mult-isource scattering problems and its application in bridge en-gineering[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(11):130-138.(in Chinese)
[4]周国良,李小军,李铁萍,等.SV波入射下峡谷地形对多支撑大跨桥梁地震反应影响分析[J].岩土力学,2012,33(5):1572-1578.ZHOU Guoliang,LI Xiaojun,LI Tieping,et al.Canyontopography effects on seismic responses of mult-i supportbridge under incident SV seismic waves[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2012,33(5):1572-1578.(in Chinese)
[5]Fathalla M,Mohamed A,Ahmed T H.Engineering safetyof tunnels during earthquakes[C]//Workshop on safety intunnels and underground structures,Riyadh,2006.
[6]Navid H,Kazem O,Mehran G.Seismic analysis of horse-shoe tunnels dynamic loads due to earthquakes[C]//Un-derground Coal operators’conference,2010:140-145.
[7]刘小军,张永兴.地形因素及围岩类别对偏压隧道的影响效应分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,2010,42(2):205-210.LIU Xiaojun,ZHANG Yongxing.Analysis of unsymmet-rically loaded tunnel according to topographic factors andclassification of the surrounding rocks[J].J Xi’an Univ ofArch&Tech,2010,42(2):205-210.(in Chinese)
[8]赵建峰,杜修力,韩强,等.外源波动问题数值模拟的一种实现方式[J].工程力学,2007,24(4):52-58.ZHAO Jianfeng,DU Xiuli,HAN Qiang,et al.An ap-proach to numerical simulation for external source wavemotion[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(4):49-56.(in Chinese)
[9]杜修力,赵密,王进廷.近场波动模拟的人工应力边界条件[J].力学学报,2006,38(1):49-56.DU Xiuli,ZHAO Mi,WANG Jinting.A stress artificialboundary in FEA for near-field wave problem[J].ChineseJournal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2006,38(1):49-56.(in Chinese)
[10]刘晶波,吕彦东.结构—地基动力相互作用问题分析的一种直接方法[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3):55-64.LIU Jingbo,LU Yandong.A direct method for analysisof dynamic soi-l structure interaction[J].China Civil Eng-ineering Journal,1998,31(3):55-64.(in Chinese)
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