高速铁路地震预警系统现状综述
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摘要
地震是对高速列车安全运营威胁最大的自然灾害。在目前地震预报技术还很不成熟的情况下,发展地震预警技术是当前减轻或避免地震对高速铁路危害的重要措施。文中阐述了地震预警技术的原理及其在铁路方面的应用。对国内外已有的高速铁路地震预警系统的发展和现状进行了介绍。结合国内外的发展现状和京沪高速铁路对地震预警系统的实际需求,对我国高速铁路的地震预警系统进行了探讨。主要针对高速铁路预警系统的报警阈值,监测点的布置,列车控制方式和预警系统的基本组成等关键问题的研究现状进行了总结和探讨。对我国高速铁路地震预警系统的建立具有重要的借鉴意义。
Earthquake is a disastrous hazard regarding the safety and stability of high speed trains.Considering the fact that earthquake forecast is not matured yet,development of earthquake early warning system is a very important countermeasure for earthquake disaster mitigation.Quite a few high speed railways are being or to be built to improve traffic condition in China,but there's yet no existing on the earthquake early warning system for high speed railways in Chinese mainland.Basic principles of the earthquake early warning system and its application to railways are presented.The state-of-the-art of the earthquake early warning systems for high speed railways around the world is introduced.Main points in development of the earthquake early warning system for high speed railways are discussed,including threshold for early warning,layout of monitoring stations,train operation and structure of the early warning system,with particular attention paid to the Beijing-Shanghai high speed railway.The present review is expected to be of significance to the development of the early warning system for high speed railways in China.
Earthquake is a disastrous hazard regarding the safety and stability of high speed trains.Considering the fact that earthquake forecast is not matured yet,development of earthquake early warning system is a very important countermeasure for earthquake disaster mitigation.Quite a few high speed railways are being or to be built to improve traffic condition in China,but there's yet no existing on the earthquake early warning system for high speed railways in Chinese mainland.Basic principles of the earthquake early warning system and its application to railways are presented.The state-of-the-art of the earthquake early warning systems for high speed railways around the world is introduced.Main points in development of the earthquake early warning system for high speed railways are discussed,including threshold for early warning,layout of monitoring stations,train operation and structure of the early warning system,with particular attention paid to the Beijing-Shanghai high speed railway.The present review is expected to be of significance to the development of the early warning system for high speed railways in China.
引文
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[11]刘林,阎桂平,辛学忠.京沪高速铁路地震预警系统的方案及关键参数研究[J].中国安全科学报,2002,12(4):75-79.LIU Lin,YAN Guiping,XIN Xuezhong.Study on schemes and key parameters of seismic alarm system for Beijing-Shanghai express railway[J].China Safety Science Journal,2002,12(4):75-79.
[12]张延年,刘丽,刘明,等.基于地震预警的台阵布局优化[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2009,25(1):1-5.ZHANG Yannian,LIU Li,LIU Ming,et al.Optimization research on seismic array layout based on earthquake early warning system[J].Journalof Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2009,25(1):1-5.
[13]马卫华,王自力.抗脱轨稳定性的评定方法及实例[J].铁道车辆,2004,42(8):1-4.MA Weihua,WANG Zili.The evaluation method of derailment stability and the practical example[J].Rolling Stock,2004,42(8):1-4.
[14]严隽耄,傅茂海.车辆工程[M].中国铁道出版社,2008.YAN Juanmao,FU Maohai.Automotive engineering[M].China Railway Republishing House,2008.
[15]防災技術研究部.運転取扱基準値の検討手法の提案[J].設計研究ニュース,NO.217.
[16]PENG K Z.Attenuation characteristics of peak horizontal acceleration in northeast and southwest China[J].Earthquake Engineering and Struc-tural Dynamics,1985,13(3):337-350.
[2]薛战军.展望中国高速铁路发展的战略意义[J].科技导报,2008,21:55.XUE Zhanjun.China high-speed railway development prospects of strategic significance[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2008,21:55.
[3]李世斌.世界高速铁路发展的动向[J].铁路技术监督,2007,35(1):35-37.LI Shibin.The development trends of high speed railway technology in the world[J].Railway Auality Control,2007,35(1):35-37.
[4]Schnellboegl G.Early warning system for transport line[C].EWS Workshop,edilon-sedra GmbH,Munich,F.Quante.2009.
[5]孙汉武,王澜,戴贤春,等.高速铁路地震紧急自动处置系统的研究[J].中国铁道科学,2007,28(5):121-127.SUN Hanwu,WANG Lan,DAI Xianchun,et al.Study on the earthquake urgent automatic alarm system of high-speed railway[J].China RailwayScience,2007,28(5):121-127.
[6]赵纪东,张志强.地震预警系统的发展、应用及启示[J].地质通报,2009,28(4):456-462.ZHAO Jidong,ZHANG Zhiqiang.Development,application and suggestions on earthquake early warning system[J].Geological Bulletin of Chi-na,2009,28(4):456-462.
[7]袁志祥,单修政,徐世芳,等.地震预警技术综述[J].自然灾害学报,2007,16(6):216-223.YUAN Zhixiang,SHAN Xiuzheng,XU Shifang,et al.An overview of earthquake early warning technology[J].Journal of Natural Disaters,2007,16(6):216-223.
[8]李山有,金星,马强.地震预警系统与智能应急控制系统研究[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(4):21-26.LI Shanyou,JIN Xing,MA Qiang.Study on earthquake early warning system and intelligent emergency controlling system[J].World EarthquakeEngineering,2004,20(4):21-26.
[9]黄媛,杨建思.用于地震预警系统中的快速地震定位方法综述[J].国际地震动态,2006,12:1-5.HUANG Yuan,YANG Jiansi.Summarization of the quick earthquake location method on earthquake early warning systems[J].Recent Develop-ments in World Seismology,2006,12:1-5.
[10]Nakamura Y,Saita J.UrEDAS,the earthquake warning system:today and tomorrow.Earthquake Early Warning Systems[C]:249-281.
[11]刘林,阎桂平,辛学忠.京沪高速铁路地震预警系统的方案及关键参数研究[J].中国安全科学报,2002,12(4):75-79.LIU Lin,YAN Guiping,XIN Xuezhong.Study on schemes and key parameters of seismic alarm system for Beijing-Shanghai express railway[J].China Safety Science Journal,2002,12(4):75-79.
[12]张延年,刘丽,刘明,等.基于地震预警的台阵布局优化[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2009,25(1):1-5.ZHANG Yannian,LIU Li,LIU Ming,et al.Optimization research on seismic array layout based on earthquake early warning system[J].Journalof Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science),2009,25(1):1-5.
[13]马卫华,王自力.抗脱轨稳定性的评定方法及实例[J].铁道车辆,2004,42(8):1-4.MA Weihua,WANG Zili.The evaluation method of derailment stability and the practical example[J].Rolling Stock,2004,42(8):1-4.
[14]严隽耄,傅茂海.车辆工程[M].中国铁道出版社,2008.YAN Juanmao,FU Maohai.Automotive engineering[M].China Railway Republishing House,2008.
[15]防災技術研究部.運転取扱基準値の検討手法の提案[J].設計研究ニュース,NO.217.
[16]PENG K Z.Attenuation characteristics of peak horizontal acceleration in northeast and southwest China[J].Earthquake Engineering and Struc-tural Dynamics,1985,13(3):337-350.
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