牛头山黄土铁路隧道的地震稳定数值模拟分析
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摘要
为了获得天平铁路土建一标段的牛头山黄土隧道结构的动力稳定安全系数,从而为该隧道的安全运营提供可靠保证。本文考虑混凝土隧道衬砌结构为弹塑性本构关系,围岩土体为理想弹塑性材料,采用有限元软件ANSYS和抗剪强度折减法,利用时程分析法进行牛头山黄土隧道的地震稳定性分析,获得了它的地震稳定安全系数,定量估计该隧道结构的地震动安全储备情况。数值算例结果表明:(1)地震作用会使得黄土隧道结构的安全系数降低;(2)塑性区最先出现在底脚以及拱顶,然后出现在曲墙两侧。因此,结构设计时应加大衬砌厚度,并对曲墙两侧和底脚塑性发展严重区采取构造措施加强。
To obtain dynamic stable safety factor of Niutou shan loess railway tunnel in the first bidding period of Tianping railway construction,in order to provide a reliable guarantee for safe operation of the tunnel.In this paper,considering the elastoplastic constitutive relation of the concrete lining structure and perfect elastoplastic material,and adopting the finite element software ANSYS and shear strength reduction method,the earthquake stability of Niutou shan loess railway tunnel is analyzed using time-history analysis,and the dynamic safety factor of the tunnel is obtained,and the loess tunnel seismic dynamic stability security reserve of the tunnel is estimated quantitatively.Numerical example result shows that:(1) the seismic action makes the loess tunnel structure safety factor decrease;(2) the plastic zone first appears at the foot and the vault,and then appears on both sides of the curved wall.Thus,the lining thickness should be increased during the structure design,and structural measures should be adopted on both sides of the curved wall and the bottom of plastic development zone.
To obtain dynamic stable safety factor of Niutou shan loess railway tunnel in the first bidding period of Tianping railway construction,in order to provide a reliable guarantee for safe operation of the tunnel.In this paper,considering the elastoplastic constitutive relation of the concrete lining structure and perfect elastoplastic material,and adopting the finite element software ANSYS and shear strength reduction method,the earthquake stability of Niutou shan loess railway tunnel is analyzed using time-history analysis,and the dynamic safety factor of the tunnel is obtained,and the loess tunnel seismic dynamic stability security reserve of the tunnel is estimated quantitatively.Numerical example result shows that:(1) the seismic action makes the loess tunnel structure safety factor decrease;(2) the plastic zone first appears at the foot and the vault,and then appears on both sides of the curved wall.Thus,the lining thickness should be increased during the structure design,and structural measures should be adopted on both sides of the curved wall and the bottom of plastic development zone.
引文
[1]建筑抗震设计规范(GB 50011—2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.(Code for seismic design of buildings(GB 50011—2001[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2002.(in Chinese))
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[3]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报,2005,45(6):757-760.(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin,Gu Yin.Seismic response analysis of shielded subway tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,2005,45(6):757-760.(in Chinese))
[4]庄海洋,陈国兴,胡晓明,等.两层双柱岛式地铁车站结构水平向非线性地震反应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增1):3 074-3 079.(Zhuang Haiyang,Chen Guoxing,Hu Xiaoming,et al.Nonliner earthquake response analysis of two-layer double-column subway station structure[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.1):3 074-3 079.(in Chinese))
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[6]佘芳涛.饱和黄土隧道动力响应及稳定性变化机理研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2008.(She Fangtao.The dynamic response and stability mechanism of saturated loess tunnel[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Technology,2008.(in Chinese))
[7]孔戈,周健,徐建平,等.盾构隧道横向地震响应规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):2 872-2 879.(kong Ge,Zhou Jian,Xu Jianping,et al.Study on characteristics of transverse seismic response of shield tunnel[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Supp 1):2 872-2 879.(in Chinese))
[8]杨小礼.浅埋大跨度连拱隧道地震反应分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(5):991-996.(Yang Xiaoli.Earthquake response of large span and double-arch shallow tunnel[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural science),2006,37(5):991-996.(in Chinese))
[9]陈国兴,张克绪,谢君斐.黄土崖窑洞抗震性能分析[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1995,28(1):16-21.(Chen Guoxing,Zhang Kexu,Xie Junfei.Aseismic performance analysis of the cave dewlling on the loess precipice[J].Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,1995,28(1):16-21.(in Chinese))
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[12]吕西林,金国芳,吴晓涵.钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元理论与应用[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1999.(Lv Xilin,Jin Guofang,Wu Xiaohan.Reinforced concrete structural nonlinear finite element theory and application[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[13]陈立伟,彭建兵,范文.地震作用下黄土暗穴的稳定性[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2007,27(6):34-36.(Chen Liwei,Peng Jianbing,Fan Wen.Stability of loess hidden hole under earthquake[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural science edi-tion),2007,27(6):34-36.(in Chinese))
[14]Zienkiewicz O C,Humpheson C,Lewis R W.Associated and non-associated visco-plasticity and plasticity in soil mechanics[J].Geotechnique,1975,25(4):671-689.
[15]郑颖人,赵尚毅,邓楚键,等.有限元极限分析法发展及其在岩土工程中的应用[J].中国工程科学,2006,8(12):39-61.(Zheng Yingren,Zhao Shangyi,Deng Chujian,et al.Development of finite element limit analysis method and its applications in geotechnical en-gineering[J].Engineering Sciences,2006,8(12):39-61.(in Chinese))
[16]郑颖人,陈祖煜,王恭先,等.边坡与滑坡工程治理[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.(Zheng Yingren,Chen Zuyu,Wang Gongxian,et al.Engineering treatment of slope&landslide[M].China Communications Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[17]中华人民共和国交通部.公路隧道设计规范(JTG D70-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.(Code for design of road tunnel(JTG D70-2004)[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese))
[2]李彬,刘晶波,尹晓.双层地铁车站的强地震反应分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):779-782.(Li Bin,Liu Jingbo,Yin Xiao.Seismic response analysis of double-deck subway station[J].Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(5):779-782.(in Chinese))
[3]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报,2005,45(6):757-760.(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin,Gu Yin.Seismic response analysis of shielded subway tunnels[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,2005,45(6):757-760.(in Chinese))
[4]庄海洋,陈国兴,胡晓明,等.两层双柱岛式地铁车站结构水平向非线性地震反应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增1):3 074-3 079.(Zhuang Haiyang,Chen Guoxing,Hu Xiaoming,et al.Nonliner earthquake response analysis of two-layer double-column subway station structure[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Supp.1):3 074-3 079.(in Chinese))
[5]张鸿,毕继红,张伟.地铁隧道地震反应非线性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(6):146-153.(Zhang Hong,Bi Jihong,Zhang Wei.Nonlinear analysis of seismic response of metro tunnel[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(6):146-153.(in Chinese))
[6]佘芳涛.饱和黄土隧道动力响应及稳定性变化机理研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2008.(She Fangtao.The dynamic response and stability mechanism of saturated loess tunnel[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Technology,2008.(in Chinese))
[7]孔戈,周健,徐建平,等.盾构隧道横向地震响应规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):2 872-2 879.(kong Ge,Zhou Jian,Xu Jianping,et al.Study on characteristics of transverse seismic response of shield tunnel[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Supp 1):2 872-2 879.(in Chinese))
[8]杨小礼.浅埋大跨度连拱隧道地震反应分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(5):991-996.(Yang Xiaoli.Earthquake response of large span and double-arch shallow tunnel[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural science),2006,37(5):991-996.(in Chinese))
[9]陈国兴,张克绪,谢君斐.黄土崖窑洞抗震性能分析[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1995,28(1):16-21.(Chen Guoxing,Zhang Kexu,Xie Junfei.Aseismic performance analysis of the cave dewlling on the loess precipice[J].Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,1995,28(1):16-21.(in Chinese))
[10]高峰,任侠.黄土窑洞地震反应分析[J].兰州铁道学院学报(自然科学版),2001,20(3):12-18.(Gao feng,Ren Xia.Seimic responses analysis of a loess cave[J].Journal of Lanzhou Railway University(Natural sciences),2001,20(3):12-18.(in Chinese))
[11]张金柱,郝文广.郑西客专黄土隧道洞口高边坡稳定及隧道地震作用动力响应研究[J].隧道建设,2007,(增2):127-133.(Zhang Jinzhu,Hao Wenguang,Study on stability of high portal slopes and seismic responses of loess tunnels on Zhengzhou-Xi’an passenger-dedicated railway[J].Tunnel Construction,2007,(Supp.2).(in Chinese))
[12]吕西林,金国芳,吴晓涵.钢筋混凝土结构非线性有限元理论与应用[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1999.(Lv Xilin,Jin Guofang,Wu Xiaohan.Reinforced concrete structural nonlinear finite element theory and application[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[13]陈立伟,彭建兵,范文.地震作用下黄土暗穴的稳定性[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2007,27(6):34-36.(Chen Liwei,Peng Jianbing,Fan Wen.Stability of loess hidden hole under earthquake[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural science edi-tion),2007,27(6):34-36.(in Chinese))
[14]Zienkiewicz O C,Humpheson C,Lewis R W.Associated and non-associated visco-plasticity and plasticity in soil mechanics[J].Geotechnique,1975,25(4):671-689.
[15]郑颖人,赵尚毅,邓楚键,等.有限元极限分析法发展及其在岩土工程中的应用[J].中国工程科学,2006,8(12):39-61.(Zheng Yingren,Zhao Shangyi,Deng Chujian,et al.Development of finite element limit analysis method and its applications in geotechnical en-gineering[J].Engineering Sciences,2006,8(12):39-61.(in Chinese))
[16]郑颖人,陈祖煜,王恭先,等.边坡与滑坡工程治理[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.(Zheng Yingren,Chen Zuyu,Wang Gongxian,et al.Engineering treatment of slope&landslide[M].China Communications Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[17]中华人民共和国交通部.公路隧道设计规范(JTG D70-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.(Code for design of road tunnel(JTG D70-2004)[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.(in Chinese))
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