江苏流体井网对汶川和日本地震的同震响应特征研究
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摘要
通过对2008年汶川8.0级和2010年日本9.0级两次大地震的同震响应特征进行分析,讨论了经过数字化改造后的江苏流体观测井网映震能力,对不同测点井孔映震能力出现较大差异的原因进行了探讨,结果表明:(1)江苏区域井孔水位的同震响应能力强于水温,水位同震响应有较一致的变化规律,同时与震级密切相关,水温同震响应在不同井点存在较大差异,更多的表现为缓慢的恢复变化;(2)不同构造单元的井孔同震响应能力有明显差异,苏中和苏北地区的同震响应变化弱于苏南地区,这种南强北弱的原因可能是苏中黄土覆盖层较厚的构造特征使其在捕捉应力—应变状态的微变化时较南部丘陵地带弱,南部较为复杂的地质构造在受到微小扰动后更有利于地下水状态的变化。
Through the analysis of co-seismic responses features of Wenchuan M8.0 and Japan M9.0 earthquakes,we discussed the earthquake reflecting ability of the Jiangsu Fluid Observation Well Pattern System which had been digitized reformed and the reason of the major difference of earthquake reflecting ability of well holes at different measuring points. The result indicated that:(1) The co-seismic responding ability of water level was stronger than that of water temperature in regional well holes in Jiangsu. The water-level co-seismic responses had a consistent change law,and were closely related to the magnitude. The co-seismic responses of water temperature were great different at different well points,which were manifested as a slow restorative change. (2)There was difference of co-seismic responding ability at different well holes in different tectonic units. The co-seismic response change in central and northern Jiangsu area was weaker than that in southern Jiangsu area,whose reason is the tectonic characteristics of the thicker upper loess covering layer in central Jiangsu was weaker than the hilly country in southern Jiangsu in capturing the micro-changes of stress-strain states. The relatively complicated geological structure in southern Jiangsu became more favorable to the change of underground water state by the tiny disturbance.
Through the analysis of co-seismic responses features of Wenchuan M8.0 and Japan M9.0 earthquakes,we discussed the earthquake reflecting ability of the Jiangsu Fluid Observation Well Pattern System which had been digitized reformed and the reason of the major difference of earthquake reflecting ability of well holes at different measuring points. The result indicated that:(1) The co-seismic responding ability of water level was stronger than that of water temperature in regional well holes in Jiangsu. The water-level co-seismic responses had a consistent change law,and were closely related to the magnitude. The co-seismic responses of water temperature were great different at different well points,which were manifested as a slow restorative change. (2)There was difference of co-seismic responding ability at different well holes in different tectonic units. The co-seismic response change in central and northern Jiangsu area was weaker than that in southern Jiangsu area,whose reason is the tectonic characteristics of the thicker upper loess covering layer in central Jiangsu was weaker than the hilly country in southern Jiangsu in capturing the micro-changes of stress-strain states. The relatively complicated geological structure in southern Jiangsu became more favorable to the change of underground water state by the tiny disturbance.
引文
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杨竹转,邓志辉陶京玲,等.2007.北京塔院井数字化观测水温的同震效应研究[J].地震学报,29(2):203-213.
杨竹转,邓志辉,赵云旭,等.2006.云南思茅大寨井水位同震阶变的初步研究[J].地震学报,27(5):569-574.
鱼金子,车用太,刘成龙,等.2012.金沙江水网对日本9.0级地震的同震响应及其特征与机理地震[J].地震,32(1):59-69.
张永仙.1991.流量与水温关系的模型研究及地震水温前兆机制的探讨[J].中国地震,7(3):88-94.
Blanchard F B,Byerly.1935.A study of a well gauge as a seismograph[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,25(1):3l3321.
Matsumoto N.1992.Regression analysis for anomalous changes of groundwater level due to eathquake.Geophys ResLett,l9(12):11931199.
Rexin E E,Oliver J,Prentiss D.1962.Seismically-induced fluctuation ofthe water level in the Nunn-Bush Well in Milwaukee[J].Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society of America,52(1):l725.
Roeloffs E A.1998.Persistent water level changes in a well near ParkfieldCalifornia,due to local and distant earthquakes.J Geophys Res,103(B1):869-889.
陈大庆,刘耀炜.2006.我国在井一含水层系统对地震波同震响应方面的研究进展[J].国际地震动态,(7):27-31.
付虹邬成栋刘强,等.2007.印尼巨大地震引起的云南水位异常记录及其意义[J].地震地质,29(4):873-882.
高小其,陈华静,杨又陵,等.2006.2004年12月26日印尼8.7级强震新疆地区的同震效应[J].地震地磁观测与研究,27(3):4046.
顾申宜,李志雄,张慧.2010.2010.海南地区五口井水位对汶川地震的同震响应及其频谱分析[J].地震研究,33(1):36-43.
黄辅琼,迟恭财,徐桂明.2000.大陆地下流体对台湾南投7.6级地震的响应研究[J].地震,20(增刊):119-125.
廖丽霞,王玫玲,吴绍祖.2009.福建省流体台网井水位的同震效应及其地震预测意义[J].地震学报,31(4):432-441.
刘五洲,鱼金子,车用太,等.2003.三峡井网地下流体动态与映震能力的初步分析[J].地震地质,25(4):632-639.
王博,刘耀炜,孙小龙.2008.地下流体与断裂活动关系的研究综述[J].地震研究,31(3):296-302.
徐桂明,郑江蓉,杨从杰,等.2010.江苏05井、06井水温的中短期地震异常典型特征研究[J].地震研究,33(4):274-280.
杨竹转,邓志辉陶京玲,等.2007.北京塔院井数字化观测水温的同震效应研究[J].地震学报,29(2):203-213.
杨竹转,邓志辉,赵云旭,等.2006.云南思茅大寨井水位同震阶变的初步研究[J].地震学报,27(5):569-574.
鱼金子,车用太,刘成龙,等.2012.金沙江水网对日本9.0级地震的同震响应及其特征与机理地震[J].地震,32(1):59-69.
张永仙.1991.流量与水温关系的模型研究及地震水温前兆机制的探讨[J].中国地震,7(3):88-94.
Blanchard F B,Byerly.1935.A study of a well gauge as a seismograph[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,25(1):3l3321.
Matsumoto N.1992.Regression analysis for anomalous changes of groundwater level due to eathquake.Geophys ResLett,l9(12):11931199.
Rexin E E,Oliver J,Prentiss D.1962.Seismically-induced fluctuation ofthe water level in the Nunn-Bush Well in Milwaukee[J].Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society of America,52(1):l725.
Roeloffs E A.1998.Persistent water level changes in a well near ParkfieldCalifornia,due to local and distant earthquakes.J Geophys Res,103(B1):869-889.
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