两井地区超低渗透油田整体压裂技术研究
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摘要
两井油田的主力油层是以粗粉砂岩为主的扶余油层,层多、厚度大(20m)、低杨氏模量、平均渗透率仅为0.4597m D,是典型的超低渗透油田。受低渗透率和启动压力的制约,目前该区还没有建立有效的注采驱动压力体系,在一定程度上影响了井间油的采出程度。针对储层特点给压裂改造技术带来的难题,立足两井油田现有井网,开展了超低渗厚层整体压裂改造技术模式的研究与应用。主体设计思路是,在对构造及储层的充分认识基础上,以注水井为核心,追求裂缝、井网与油藏有效匹配,从有效穿透、有效导流、低伤害压裂液体系3个方面,开展厚层纵向扩展规律研究、裂缝规模优化研究、低伤害压裂液技术及实现合理支撑改造配套技术试验。现场应用43口井,见到较好效果,对有效动用此类难采储量,以及建立适合此类储层的压裂改造模式方面具有一定借鉴意义。
The main layer of Liangjing oilfield is Fuyu layer,and the coarse silt rock is the main reservoir lithology,with numerous layers,large thickness( 20 meters) and low Young modulus. The average permeability is 0. 4597 m D,so it is a typical particular low permeability reservoir. Due to the constraints of low permeability and starting pressure,now the district has not established an effective driving pressure injection system,to a certain extent,affecting the degree of inter-well oil recovery. According to the difficulties brought to the fracturing technology by the reservoir characteristics,based on the well pattern of Liangjing area,we carried out the research and application of ultra- low permeability reservoir for the region overall fracturing model. The main design idea is: on the basis of fully understanding of structure and reservoir,taking injection wells as the core,in pursuit of the effective match among the cracks,wells and reservoir,carry out a thick layer of law of vertical expansion,optimization of crack size,low damage fracturing fluid technology and achieve the supporting of transformation to supporting technologies test from the effective penetration,effective diversion,low damage fracturing three aspects. Better effects are seen with 43 wells applied on site,which has a certain significance on the effective use of this hard- to- recover reserve as well as the establishment of reserves for this reservoir fracturing patterns.
The main layer of Liangjing oilfield is Fuyu layer,and the coarse silt rock is the main reservoir lithology,with numerous layers,large thickness( 20 meters) and low Young modulus. The average permeability is 0. 4597 m D,so it is a typical particular low permeability reservoir. Due to the constraints of low permeability and starting pressure,now the district has not established an effective driving pressure injection system,to a certain extent,affecting the degree of inter-well oil recovery. According to the difficulties brought to the fracturing technology by the reservoir characteristics,based on the well pattern of Liangjing area,we carried out the research and application of ultra- low permeability reservoir for the region overall fracturing model. The main design idea is: on the basis of fully understanding of structure and reservoir,taking injection wells as the core,in pursuit of the effective match among the cracks,wells and reservoir,carry out a thick layer of law of vertical expansion,optimization of crack size,low damage fracturing fluid technology and achieve the supporting of transformation to supporting technologies test from the effective penetration,effective diversion,low damage fracturing three aspects. Better effects are seen with 43 wells applied on site,which has a certain significance on the effective use of this hard- to- recover reserve as well as the establishment of reserves for this reservoir fracturing patterns.
引文
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[11]尤源,牛小兵,辛红刚,等.国外致密油储层微观孔隙结构研究及其对鄂尔多斯盆地的启示[J].石油科技论坛,2013,32(1):12-18.
[12]杨志芳,曹宏,姚逢昌,等.复杂孔隙结构储层地震岩石物理分析及应用[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(3):50-56.
[13]唐振兴,白连德,桂盼,等.松辽盆地南部扶新隆起老油区勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(4):17-20.
[14]Liu Changyu,Xu Jianguo,Long Zengwei,et al.Applying integrated fracturing technology for unit to achieve efficient development of low permeability and complex lthologic reservoir.SPE 155906,2012.
[2]杨秋莲.超低渗储层分类方法探讨[J].岩性油气藏2007,19(4):51-56.
[3](美)J.L.吉德利.水力压裂技术新发展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[4](美)M.J.埃克诺米得斯.油藏增产措施[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[5]何文渊.中国石油储层改造技术的现状与建议[J].石油科技论坛,2013,32(2):34-38.
[6]吴奇,胥云,刘玉章,等.美国页岩气体积改造技术现状及对我国的启示[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(2):3-5.
[7]赵万金,李海亮,杨午阳.国内非常规油气地球物理勘探技术现状及进展[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(4):36-40.
[8]王鸿勋张士诚.水力压裂设计数值计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[9]蒋延学.复杂断块油田压裂的特点与思路——油气藏改造[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[10]李明瑞,张清,王明瑜.苏里格气田上古生界主要含气层系黏土矿物特征及敏感性分析[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(2):32-37.
[11]尤源,牛小兵,辛红刚,等.国外致密油储层微观孔隙结构研究及其对鄂尔多斯盆地的启示[J].石油科技论坛,2013,32(1):12-18.
[12]杨志芳,曹宏,姚逢昌,等.复杂孔隙结构储层地震岩石物理分析及应用[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(3):50-56.
[13]唐振兴,白连德,桂盼,等.松辽盆地南部扶新隆起老油区勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(4):17-20.
[14]Liu Changyu,Xu Jianguo,Long Zengwei,et al.Applying integrated fracturing technology for unit to achieve efficient development of low permeability and complex lthologic reservoir.SPE 155906,2012.
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