地震沉积学及其在中亚南部地区的应用
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摘要
地震沉积学是利用地震资料研究沉积岩及其形成过程的一门新兴学科。地震沉积学主要利用三维地震信息和现代地球物理技术进行沉积体系、沉积相平面展布以及沉积发育史研究,它强调在高精度等时对比层序地层格架的基础上,利用地震资料的横向分辨率、特殊地震处理技术(90°相位调整和地层切片技术),结合关键井岩性资料以及不同成因类型砂体的地貌形态,恢复沉积类型和沉积演化历史。在中亚南部三维地震资料区下白垩统开展地震沉积学应用研究,通过对一系列地层切片的研究,结合钻井岩心信息进行动态解释,获得了研究层段从下至上主要经历了辫状河三角洲相—湖相—三角洲相—湖相—辫状河相的沉积演化过程的认识。图7参19
Seismic sedimentology mainly uses 3D seismic information and modern geophysical technology to study sedimentary systems,sedimentary facies spread and its evolution history.In addition,on the basis of the high-accuracy isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework,its focus is to use the horizontal resolution of seismic data and special seismic processing technology(90° phase shift and stratal slicing),in combination with the key wells' lithologic data as well as geomorphic features of different sand types,to resume sedimentary types and evolution history.Accordingly,we carried out seismic sedimentology studies on the Lower Cretaceous Formation in the 3D seismic area south of Central Asia.We made a dynamic interpretation to the target zone by a series of stratal slices combined with the drilling core information,and obtained that the target zone mainly experienced braided delta facies-lake facies-delta facies-lake facies-braided river facies.
Seismic sedimentology mainly uses 3D seismic information and modern geophysical technology to study sedimentary systems,sedimentary facies spread and its evolution history.In addition,on the basis of the high-accuracy isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework,its focus is to use the horizontal resolution of seismic data and special seismic processing technology(90° phase shift and stratal slicing),in combination with the key wells' lithologic data as well as geomorphic features of different sand types,to resume sedimentary types and evolution history.Accordingly,we carried out seismic sedimentology studies on the Lower Cretaceous Formation in the 3D seismic area south of Central Asia.We made a dynamic interpretation to the target zone by a series of stratal slices combined with the drilling core information,and obtained that the target zone mainly experienced braided delta facies-lake facies-delta facies-lake facies-braided river facies.
引文
[1]Zeng H L,Hentz T F.High-frequency sequence stratigraphyfrom seismic sedimentology:Applied to Miocene,VermilionBlock 50,Tiger Shoal area,Offshore Louisiana[J].AAPGBulletin,2004,88(2):153-174.
[2]Van Wagoner J C,Mitchum R M,Campion K M,et al.Siliciclasticsequence stratigraphy in well logs,cores and outcrops:Concepts forhigh-resolution correlation of time and facies[A].AAPG Methods inExploration Series 7[C].Tulsa:AAPG,1990.
[3]赵邦六.多分量地震勘探在岩性气藏勘探开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(4):397-409,423.Zhao Bangliu.Application of multi-component seismic explorationin the exploration and production of lithologic gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(4):397-409,423.
[4]李阳.胜利油田油藏综合地球物理研究现状及展望[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):10-13.Li Yang.Prospecting and evaluation on the comprehensivegeophysics studies of reservoirs in the Shengli Oilfield[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(3):10-13.
[5]Zeng H L,Henry S C,Riola J P.Stratal slicing(Part II):Real 3-D seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[6]Zeng H L,Ambrose W A.Seismic sedimentology and regionaldepositional systems in Mioceno Norte,Lake Maracaibo,Venezuela[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(11):1260-1269.
[7]Eberli G P,Masaferro J L,Rick Sarg J F.Seismic imaging ofcarbonate reservoirs and system[A].AAPG Memoir 81[C].Tulsa:AAPG,2004.1-9.
[8]Brown A R.Interpretation of three-dimensional seismic data[A].AAPG Memoir 42[C].Tulsa:AAPG,1991.33-39.
[9]林吉祥,施泽进,凌云,等.利用基本地震属性对目标层段的沉积演化解释研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(2):174-179.Lin Jixiang,Shi Zejin,Ling Yun,et al.A study of depositionalenvironment evolution of the target zone through basic seismicattributes analysis[J].Journal of Chengdu University ofTechnology(Science&Technology Edition),2007,34(2):174-179.
[10]张延章.地震微相分析技术在大港滩海探区的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):58-60.Zhang Yanzhang.The application of seismic micro-facies analysisin Dagang seashore area[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2003,30(4):58-60.
[11]Zeng H L,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90-°phasewavelets:Modeling(Part)Ⅰ[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):7-15.
[12]Zeng H L,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90-°phasewavelets:Modeling(PartⅡ)[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):17-24.
[13]Zeng H L,Hentz T F,Wood L J.Stratal slicing of Miocene-Pliocenesediments in Vermilion Block 50,Tiger Shoal area,OffshoreLouisiana[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(4):408-418.
[14]Zeng H L,Backus M M,Barrow K T.Facies mapping fromthree-dimensional seismic data:Potential and guidelines from aTertiary sandstone-shale sequence model,Powderhorn field,Calhoun County,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(1):16-46.
[15]贾承造,赵文智,邹才能,等.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):3-9.Jia Chengzao,Zhao Wenzhi,Zou Caineng,et al.Two key technologiesabout exploration of stratigraphic/lithological reservoirs[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2004,31(3):3-9.
[16]Zeng H L,Backus M M,Barrow K T,et al.Stratal slicing(Part I):Realistic 3-D seismic model[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[17]Zeng H L,Loucks R G,Brown L F.Mapping sediment-dispersalpatterns and associated systems tracts in fourth and fifth ordersequences using seismic sedimentology:Example from CorpusChristi Bay,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(7):981-1003.
[18]严德天,王华,肖敦清,等.黄骅坳陷中部沙三段沉积体系分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):328-334.Yan Detian,Wang Hua,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Sedimentarysystems of the third member of Shahejie Formation,centralHuanghua Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2007,34(3):328-334.
[19]李德江,朱筱敏,董艳蕾,等.辽东湾坳陷古近系沙河街组层序地层分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(6):669-676.Li Dejiang,Zhu Xiaomin,Dong Yanlei,et al.Sequencestratigraphy and depositional system of Paleogene ShahejieFormation in Liaodong Bay Depression[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2007,34(6):669-676.
[2]Van Wagoner J C,Mitchum R M,Campion K M,et al.Siliciclasticsequence stratigraphy in well logs,cores and outcrops:Concepts forhigh-resolution correlation of time and facies[A].AAPG Methods inExploration Series 7[C].Tulsa:AAPG,1990.
[3]赵邦六.多分量地震勘探在岩性气藏勘探开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(4):397-409,423.Zhao Bangliu.Application of multi-component seismic explorationin the exploration and production of lithologic gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(4):397-409,423.
[4]李阳.胜利油田油藏综合地球物理研究现状及展望[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):10-13.Li Yang.Prospecting and evaluation on the comprehensivegeophysics studies of reservoirs in the Shengli Oilfield[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(3):10-13.
[5]Zeng H L,Henry S C,Riola J P.Stratal slicing(Part II):Real 3-D seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[6]Zeng H L,Ambrose W A.Seismic sedimentology and regionaldepositional systems in Mioceno Norte,Lake Maracaibo,Venezuela[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(11):1260-1269.
[7]Eberli G P,Masaferro J L,Rick Sarg J F.Seismic imaging ofcarbonate reservoirs and system[A].AAPG Memoir 81[C].Tulsa:AAPG,2004.1-9.
[8]Brown A R.Interpretation of three-dimensional seismic data[A].AAPG Memoir 42[C].Tulsa:AAPG,1991.33-39.
[9]林吉祥,施泽进,凌云,等.利用基本地震属性对目标层段的沉积演化解释研究[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(2):174-179.Lin Jixiang,Shi Zejin,Ling Yun,et al.A study of depositionalenvironment evolution of the target zone through basic seismicattributes analysis[J].Journal of Chengdu University ofTechnology(Science&Technology Edition),2007,34(2):174-179.
[10]张延章.地震微相分析技术在大港滩海探区的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):58-60.Zhang Yanzhang.The application of seismic micro-facies analysisin Dagang seashore area[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2003,30(4):58-60.
[11]Zeng H L,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90-°phasewavelets:Modeling(Part)Ⅰ[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):7-15.
[12]Zeng H L,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90-°phasewavelets:Modeling(PartⅡ)[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):17-24.
[13]Zeng H L,Hentz T F,Wood L J.Stratal slicing of Miocene-Pliocenesediments in Vermilion Block 50,Tiger Shoal area,OffshoreLouisiana[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(4):408-418.
[14]Zeng H L,Backus M M,Barrow K T.Facies mapping fromthree-dimensional seismic data:Potential and guidelines from aTertiary sandstone-shale sequence model,Powderhorn field,Calhoun County,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(1):16-46.
[15]贾承造,赵文智,邹才能,等.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):3-9.Jia Chengzao,Zhao Wenzhi,Zou Caineng,et al.Two key technologiesabout exploration of stratigraphic/lithological reservoirs[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2004,31(3):3-9.
[16]Zeng H L,Backus M M,Barrow K T,et al.Stratal slicing(Part I):Realistic 3-D seismic model[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[17]Zeng H L,Loucks R G,Brown L F.Mapping sediment-dispersalpatterns and associated systems tracts in fourth and fifth ordersequences using seismic sedimentology:Example from CorpusChristi Bay,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(7):981-1003.
[18]严德天,王华,肖敦清,等.黄骅坳陷中部沙三段沉积体系分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):328-334.Yan Detian,Wang Hua,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Sedimentarysystems of the third member of Shahejie Formation,centralHuanghua Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2007,34(3):328-334.
[19]李德江,朱筱敏,董艳蕾,等.辽东湾坳陷古近系沙河街组层序地层分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(6):669-676.Li Dejiang,Zhu Xiaomin,Dong Yanlei,et al.Sequencestratigraphy and depositional system of Paleogene ShahejieFormation in Liaodong Bay Depression[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2007,34(6):669-676.
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