地震水准测量成果中几项改正的讨论
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摘要
依据国家一、二等水准测量规范(GB/T 12987-2006),分别给出了水准测量中标尺温度改正、正常水准面不平行改正、重力异常改正、固体潮改正和海潮负荷影响等改正的计算公式和方法,并对地震形变分析计算中进行各项改正的必要性进行了讨论。强调:在形变分析计算中,是否进行某一项改正,新老成果必须保持一致;老成果没有进行改正,新成果中没有必要也不应该进行改正,否则可能造成更大的不合理;出于科学研究和测量数据多样化用途的考虑,认为在地震水准测量中各项改正所需要的辅助观测量应该完整地保存下来。
According to the state specifications for the first and second order leveling(GB/T 12987-2006),the methods and formulae for several corrections including correction of leveling staff for temperature,correction for normal nonparallel levels,correction for abnormal gravity,correction to solid tide and the load of sea tide,are given,and the necessity of those corrections for analysis and calculation of crustal deformation in seismic study are discussed.The results of this work emphasize that doing corrections or not must be the same for the new leveling data and old one in crust deformation analysis and calculation.If the old leveling data are not corrected,it is not necessary to correct the new ones.Otherwise,more unreasonable results may appear.For scientific research and multiple usage of leveling data,it is suggested that all the accessorial observation data in every leveling correction should be preserved completely in seismically leveling.
According to the state specifications for the first and second order leveling(GB/T 12987-2006),the methods and formulae for several corrections including correction of leveling staff for temperature,correction for normal nonparallel levels,correction for abnormal gravity,correction to solid tide and the load of sea tide,are given,and the necessity of those corrections for analysis and calculation of crustal deformation in seismic study are discussed.The results of this work emphasize that doing corrections or not must be the same for the new leveling data and old one in crust deformation analysis and calculation.If the old leveling data are not corrected,it is not necessary to correct the new ones.Otherwise,more unreasonable results may appear.For scientific research and multiple usage of leveling data,it is suggested that all the accessorial observation data in every leveling correction should be preserved completely in seismically leveling.
引文
1国家一、二水准测量规范(GB/T 12897—2006)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.(The state specifications for thefirst and second order leveling(GB/T 12987-2006)[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2006)
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2王庆良,等.东昆仑山断裂带及昆仑山口西8.1级地震垂直形变研究[J].地震地质,2004,26(2):106-113.(Wang Qingliang,et al.Vertical deformations of the easternkunlun fault zone and west of Kunlun mountain passMs8.1earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,2004,26(2):106-113)
3杨国华,巩曰沐,杨春花.大同地震与华北北部地壳异态垂直运动[J].中国地震,1994,(1):13-18.(Yang Guo-hua,Gong Yuemu and Yang Chunhua.The Datong earth-quake and the abnormal vertical crustal movement in NorthChina[J].Earthquake Research in China,1994,(1):13-18)
4王文利,董鸿闻.用CSR4.0+CS模型计算水准测量海潮负荷改正[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,(4):70-74.(Wang Wenli and Dong Hongwen.Calculation of oceanictide loading correction with CRS4.0+CS model[J].Journalof Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,(4):70-74)
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