考虑土与结构相互作用效应的 TMD 减震特性研究
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摘要
将土体－框架结构简化为二维问题，地基土视为粘弹性材料，框架结构简化为平面杆系非弹性结构。以一幢实际的六层二跨框架结构为研究对象，探讨了ＴＭＤ（调谐质量阻尼器）的减震特性及土－结构相互作用（ＳＳＩ）效应对ＴＭＤ减震效果的影响。在一般地基条件下，ＳＳＩ效应显著降低多层框架结构在地震时的层间位移反应，降低幅度达１０％～５０％。当ＴＭＤ的振动周期与被控制（土体与）结构体系的基本周期一致时，ＴＭＤ才能发挥最佳的减震效果；否则，ＴＭＤ的减震效果将有不同程度的降低，幅度可达５％～１０％。在软土地基条件下ＴＭＤ的减震效果很差。若抗震设计时顾及客观存在的ＳＳＩ效应的影响，则按刚性地基假定下设置的ＴＭＤ设施有时可能是不必要的。
Taking a real sixstorey twospan frame building for exemple, the soilframe structure system is simplied as twodimensional question, Soils are regarded as viscoelastic material, and frame structure is regarded as a nonelastic plane struture of bar system being composed of variable stiffness beam elements. The shock absorbing characteristics of tuned mass damper (TMD) and the effect of the soilstructure interaction(SSI) on the shock absorbing efficiency(SAE) are discussed in detail. In the condition of midsoft to midhard ground the effect of SSI can obviously reduce the storey displacement in range of 10% to 50% for multistorey framed building during earthquake. The SAE of TMD is best only when the vibration period of TMD is equation to the basic periods of (soils and) structure system being control, if not, the SAE of TMD will be reduced in range of 5% to 10%. On the soft ground condition the SAE of TMD almost lost due to SSI effects. It can be not necessary in some condition that TMD is adopted in structure designed by the assumption of rigid ground if the SSI effects are considered in the seismic design.
Taking a real sixstorey twospan frame building for exemple, the soilframe structure system is simplied as twodimensional question, Soils are regarded as viscoelastic material, and frame structure is regarded as a nonelastic plane struture of bar system being composed of variable stiffness beam elements. The shock absorbing characteristics of tuned mass damper (TMD) and the effect of the soilstructure interaction(SSI) on the shock absorbing efficiency(SAE) are discussed in detail. In the condition of midsoft to midhard ground the effect of SSI can obviously reduce the storey displacement in range of 10% to 50% for multistorey framed building during earthquake. The SAE of TMD is best only when the vibration period of TMD is equation to the basic periods of (soils and) structure system being control, if not, the SAE of TMD will be reduced in range of 5% to 10%. On the soft ground condition the SAE of TMD almost lost due to SSI effects. It can be not necessary in some condition that TMD is adopted in structure designed by the assumption of rigid ground if the SSI effects are considered in the seismic design.
引文
1杨栋，陈国兴，宰金珉．主次结构减震特性研究．地震工程与工程振动，1996（1），100～109．2杨栋，陈国兴，宰金珉．SSI效应对人工塑性铰抗震性能影响的研究．南京建筑工程学院学报，1997（2），15～22．3宰金珉，陈国兴，杨栋等．考虑土与结构相互作用效应的非弹性结构主动抗震控制研究．地震工程与工程振动，1997（4）．4杨栋，丁大钧，曹双寅．新型人工塑性铰性能对框架结构抗震影响的研究．建筑结构，1994（4），11～15．5陈国兴，谢君斐，张克绪．考虑地基土液化影响的桩基高层建筑体系地震反应分析．地震工程与工程振动，1995（4），93～103．
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