自适应三维地震保边界去噪方法及应用
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摘要
保边界平滑滤波方法在压制噪声的同时能够有效地保留地震同相轴局部变化的信息,现已成功地应用于地震数据处理中。本文以相干技术和数字图像处理中的图像分割合并技术为基础设计的保边滤波器,能够适应地震信号同相轴在局部小范围的三维空间中近似为三维平面的特点,可确定适宜的滤波范围,从而对噪声实施较大幅度地压制,以提升滤波效果,有助于分析和识别所研究地质体中包含的断层、岩相和裂缝等信息。
In this paper the designing of the Edge Preserving Smoothing(EPS) is introduced,with EPS the noise in the seismic data can be removed while the details of the seismic events can be preserved,now this method is being used in seismic data processing.EPS filter which we designed based on coherence technology and splitting and merging technology in digital image processing can work well if the seismic event in small region of 3D space can be regarded as 3D plane,with EPS the suitable filter applying time window can be founded,so the noise can be greatly reduced,better filtering results can be obtained and the fault,channel and fracture can be easily distinguished and delineated.
In this paper the designing of the Edge Preserving Smoothing(EPS) is introduced,with EPS the noise in the seismic data can be removed while the details of the seismic events can be preserved,now this method is being used in seismic data processing.EPS filter which we designed based on coherence technology and splitting and merging technology in digital image processing can work well if the seismic event in small region of 3D space can be regarded as 3D plane,with EPS the suitable filter applying time window can be founded,so the noise can be greatly reduced,better filtering results can be obtained and the fault,channel and fracture can be easily distinguished and delineated.
引文
[1]Bahorich MS and Farmer S L.3-D seismic disconti-nuity for faults and stratigraphic features:The coher-ence cube.The Leading Edge,1995,14:1053～1058
[2]Gersztenkorn A and Marfurt K J.Eigen-structure-based coherence computation.Expanded Abstracts of66th SEG Ann Int Mtg,1996,328～331
[3]Luo Y,Higgs WGand Kowalik WS.Edge detection and stratigraphic analysis using3-D seismic data.Expanded Abstracts of66th SEG Ann Internat Mtg,1996,324～327
[4]Marfurt J K,Sudhaker V Gersztenkorn Aet al.Co-herency calculations in the presence of structural dip.Geophysics,1999,64(1):104～111
[5]Gersztenkorn A and Marfurt J K.Eigen-structure-based coherency computations as an aid to3-d struc-tural and stratigraphic mapping.Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468～1479
[6]Luo Y,Marhoon MI,Dossary S Mand Alfaraj M N.Edge-preserving smoothing and its applications in seismic edge detection.The Leading Edge,2002,21:136～141
[7]Liu Y,Luo Y and Deng Z.Edge preserving smoot-hing for oblique i mages.Geophysical Research Let-ters,2003,30(13)
[8]AlBinHassan N M,Luo Y and Al-Faraj M N.3D edge-preserving smoothing and applications.Geo-physics,2006,71(4):5～11
[9]Marfurt J K.Comparison of3D seismic edge detec-tion to Vinton Dome Louisiana.Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Ann Int Mtg,2002,577～580
[10]Nagao Mand Matsuyama T.Structural analysis of complex aerial photographs.Plenum Press,New York and London,1980,32～52
[11]Marfurt J K,Kirlin R L and Farmer S.3Dattributes using a semblance based coherency algorithm.Geo-physics,1998,63(4):1150～1165
[12]Dalley R M,Gevers E C A,Stampi G Met al.Dip and azi muth displays for3d seismic interpretation.First Break,1989,7(3):86～95
[13]Hornbostel S.Spatial prediction filtering in thet-x andf-xdomains.Geophysics,1991,56(12):2019～2026
[14]Luo Y,Dossary S A,Marhoon MI and Alfaraj M N.Generalized Hilbert transform and its application in geophysics.The Leading Edge,2003,22:198～202
[15]Marfurt J Kand Kirlin R L.3D broad-band esti mates of reflector dip and amplitude.Geophysics,2000,65(1):304～320
[16]Necti Gulunay.Fx-decon and complex Wiener predic-tion filter.Expanded Abstracts of56th SEG Ann Int Mtg,1986
[17]Thorson J R,Claerbout J F.Velocity-stack and slant stack stochastic inversion.Geophysics,1985,50(12):2727～2741
[18]冯兴强,王勋杰,杨长春.基于最大似然准则的f-x-y域L1模预测滤波方法.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(04):30～34
[19]国九英,周兴元,杨慧珠.三维f-x-y域随机噪声衰减.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):207～215
[20]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):8～15
[21]俞寿朋,蔡希玲,苏永昌.用地震信号多项式拟合提高叠加剖面信噪比.石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2):131～139
[2]Gersztenkorn A and Marfurt K J.Eigen-structure-based coherence computation.Expanded Abstracts of66th SEG Ann Int Mtg,1996,328～331
[3]Luo Y,Higgs WGand Kowalik WS.Edge detection and stratigraphic analysis using3-D seismic data.Expanded Abstracts of66th SEG Ann Internat Mtg,1996,324～327
[4]Marfurt J K,Sudhaker V Gersztenkorn Aet al.Co-herency calculations in the presence of structural dip.Geophysics,1999,64(1):104～111
[5]Gersztenkorn A and Marfurt J K.Eigen-structure-based coherency computations as an aid to3-d struc-tural and stratigraphic mapping.Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468～1479
[6]Luo Y,Marhoon MI,Dossary S Mand Alfaraj M N.Edge-preserving smoothing and its applications in seismic edge detection.The Leading Edge,2002,21:136～141
[7]Liu Y,Luo Y and Deng Z.Edge preserving smoot-hing for oblique i mages.Geophysical Research Let-ters,2003,30(13)
[8]AlBinHassan N M,Luo Y and Al-Faraj M N.3D edge-preserving smoothing and applications.Geo-physics,2006,71(4):5～11
[9]Marfurt J K.Comparison of3D seismic edge detec-tion to Vinton Dome Louisiana.Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Ann Int Mtg,2002,577～580
[10]Nagao Mand Matsuyama T.Structural analysis of complex aerial photographs.Plenum Press,New York and London,1980,32～52
[11]Marfurt J K,Kirlin R L and Farmer S.3Dattributes using a semblance based coherency algorithm.Geo-physics,1998,63(4):1150～1165
[12]Dalley R M,Gevers E C A,Stampi G Met al.Dip and azi muth displays for3d seismic interpretation.First Break,1989,7(3):86～95
[13]Hornbostel S.Spatial prediction filtering in thet-x andf-xdomains.Geophysics,1991,56(12):2019～2026
[14]Luo Y,Dossary S A,Marhoon MI and Alfaraj M N.Generalized Hilbert transform and its application in geophysics.The Leading Edge,2003,22:198～202
[15]Marfurt J Kand Kirlin R L.3D broad-band esti mates of reflector dip and amplitude.Geophysics,2000,65(1):304～320
[16]Necti Gulunay.Fx-decon and complex Wiener predic-tion filter.Expanded Abstracts of56th SEG Ann Int Mtg,1986
[17]Thorson J R,Claerbout J F.Velocity-stack and slant stack stochastic inversion.Geophysics,1985,50(12):2727～2741
[18]冯兴强,王勋杰,杨长春.基于最大似然准则的f-x-y域L1模预测滤波方法.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(04):30～34
[19]国九英,周兴元,杨慧珠.三维f-x-y域随机噪声衰减.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):207～215
[20]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):8～15
[21]俞寿朋,蔡希玲,苏永昌.用地震信号多项式拟合提高叠加剖面信噪比.石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2):131～139
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