人为差错对结构可靠性的影响
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摘要
国内外结构倒塌事故一直都在发生,事故原因是多方面的,而人为错误一直是导致结构事故的主要原因。通过总结国内外资料,对人为错误导致结构事故及人为错误的研究现状作了总结分析。从管理科学的角度提出了一些提高结构设计可靠性的对策。
Architectural structure collapses happen all the time at home and abroad. Many reasons cause the accident, but the human error may be the main reason. This paper summarizes the past materials of structural failure accidents and the research on human error. The ways to enhance structure design reliability are brought forward from the point of management science.
Architectural structure collapses happen all the time at home and abroad. Many reasons cause the accident, but the human error may be the main reason. This paper summarizes the past materials of structural failure accidents and the research on human error. The ways to enhance structure design reliability are brought forward from the point of management science.
引文
[1] 胡新六.建筑工程倒塌案例分析与对策[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[2] 罗福午.建筑结构缺陷事故的分析及防治[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.9-10.
[3] 谢征勋.建筑工程事故分析及方案论证[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.9-17.
[4] 赵国藩.影响工程结构可靠度的主要问题及对微调的建议[J].建筑科学,1999,15(5):5-7.
[5] "建筑结构设计可靠度会议"纪要[J].建筑科学,1999,15(5):1.
[6] EllingwoodB.Designandconstructionerroreffectonstructuralreliability[J].J.StructuralEng.,ASCE,1987,113(2):409-422.
[7] WalkerAC.StudyandAnalysisofthefirst120failurecases[A].Symp.Struct.FailuresinBldgs.,Inst.OfStruct.Engrs.,London,U.K.,1980.15-40.
[8] SmithDW.Whydobridgesfail[J].CivilEngineering,1977,47:58-62.
[9] GB50068-2001,建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准[S].
[10] 黄祥瑞,何旭洪,沈祖培,高佳.人的可靠性分析(HRA)研究进展[A].龙升照.人-机-环境系统工程研究进展[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.167-173.
[11] PugsleyAG.Thepredictionofthepronenesstostructuralaccidents[J].Struct.Engr.,1973,51(6):195-196.
[12] KonllF.Commentaryonthebasicphilosophyandrecentdevelopmentsofsafetymargins[J].CanadianJournalofCivilEngineering,1976,3(3):409-416.
[13] 徐茂波.考虑施工期间人为错误的结构安全分析与控制[D].北京:清华大学,1998.
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[15] LindNC.Modelsofhumanerrorinstructuralreliability[J].StructuralSafety.1983,1(3):167-175.
[16] NessimMA,JordaanIJ.Modelsforhumanerrorinstructuralreliability[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,ASCE,1985,11(6):1358-1376.
[17] BruceE.Designandconstructionerroreffectsonstructuralreliability[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,1987,111(2):1762-1801.
[18] HadiprionoFC,LinCCS.Errorinconstruction[A].NowakAS.ModelingHumanErrorinStructuralDesignandConstruction[M].1986.
[19] MelgarejoA,CarrR.Decisionmodelforhumanerrorinstructures[A].NowakAS.ModelingHumanErrorinStructuralDesignandConstruction[M].1986.
[20] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Simulationofhumanerrorinadesignloadingtask[J].StructuralSafety,1988,5(4):285-297.
[21] StewartMG.Probabilisticriskassessmentofqualitycontrolandqualityassurancemeasuresinstructuraldesign[J].IEEETransactionsonSystems,ManandCybernetics,1991,21(5):1000-1007.
[22] StewartMG.Simulationofhumanerrorinreinforcedconcretebeamdesign[J].ResearchinEngineeringDesign,1992,4(1):51-60.
[23] StewartMG.Structuralreliabilityanderrorcontrolinreinforcedconcretedesignandconstruction[J].StructuralSafety,1993.15(12):277-292.
[24] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Checkingmodelsinstructuraldesign[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,1989,15(6):1309-1324.
[25] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Optimizationofstructuraldesignchecking[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,1989,15(10):2448-2460.
[26] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Errorcontrolinmemberdesign[J].StructuralSafety,1989,11(6):11-24.
[27] NowakAS,CarrRJ.Sensitivityanalysisforstructuralerrors[J].TheJournalofStructuralEngineering,ASCE,1985,11(8):1473-1476.
[28] 徐茂波,刘西拉.钢筋砼梁的人为错误影响分析[J].工程力学,1992,(2):52-58.
[29] OGIngles.Whereshouldwelookforerrorcontrol[A].NowakAS.ModelingHumanErrorinStructuralDesignandConstruction[M].1986.
[30] 奚国泉,蔡军.企业学习型组织发展理论与应用研究[J].南京财经大学学报,2003,(3):27-31.
[31] 孙彦彬,孙青永,司光宇.企业知识管理系统的建立与分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(1):83-85.
[32] 周军,苏新宁,孔敏,李勇,潘有能.知识管理系统下的知识仓库研究———概念与模型[J].情报学报,2002,21(5):542-546.
[2] 罗福午.建筑结构缺陷事故的分析及防治[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.9-10.
[3] 谢征勋.建筑工程事故分析及方案论证[M].北京:地震出版社,1996.9-17.
[4] 赵国藩.影响工程结构可靠度的主要问题及对微调的建议[J].建筑科学,1999,15(5):5-7.
[5] "建筑结构设计可靠度会议"纪要[J].建筑科学,1999,15(5):1.
[6] EllingwoodB.Designandconstructionerroreffectonstructuralreliability[J].J.StructuralEng.,ASCE,1987,113(2):409-422.
[7] WalkerAC.StudyandAnalysisofthefirst120failurecases[A].Symp.Struct.FailuresinBldgs.,Inst.OfStruct.Engrs.,London,U.K.,1980.15-40.
[8] SmithDW.Whydobridgesfail[J].CivilEngineering,1977,47:58-62.
[9] GB50068-2001,建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准[S].
[10] 黄祥瑞,何旭洪,沈祖培,高佳.人的可靠性分析(HRA)研究进展[A].龙升照.人-机-环境系统工程研究进展[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.167-173.
[11] PugsleyAG.Thepredictionofthepronenesstostructuralaccidents[J].Struct.Engr.,1973,51(6):195-196.
[12] KonllF.Commentaryonthebasicphilosophyandrecentdevelopmentsofsafetymargins[J].CanadianJournalofCivilEngineering,1976,3(3):409-416.
[13] 徐茂波.考虑施工期间人为错误的结构安全分析与控制[D].北京:清华大学,1998.
[14] NowakAS.Effectofhumanerroronstructuralsafety[J].ACIJournal,1979,9(176):959-972.
[15] LindNC.Modelsofhumanerrorinstructuralreliability[J].StructuralSafety.1983,1(3):167-175.
[16] NessimMA,JordaanIJ.Modelsforhumanerrorinstructuralreliability[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,ASCE,1985,11(6):1358-1376.
[17] BruceE.Designandconstructionerroreffectsonstructuralreliability[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,1987,111(2):1762-1801.
[18] HadiprionoFC,LinCCS.Errorinconstruction[A].NowakAS.ModelingHumanErrorinStructuralDesignandConstruction[M].1986.
[19] MelgarejoA,CarrR.Decisionmodelforhumanerrorinstructures[A].NowakAS.ModelingHumanErrorinStructuralDesignandConstruction[M].1986.
[20] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Simulationofhumanerrorinadesignloadingtask[J].StructuralSafety,1988,5(4):285-297.
[21] StewartMG.Probabilisticriskassessmentofqualitycontrolandqualityassurancemeasuresinstructuraldesign[J].IEEETransactionsonSystems,ManandCybernetics,1991,21(5):1000-1007.
[22] StewartMG.Simulationofhumanerrorinreinforcedconcretebeamdesign[J].ResearchinEngineeringDesign,1992,4(1):51-60.
[23] StewartMG.Structuralreliabilityanderrorcontrolinreinforcedconcretedesignandconstruction[J].StructuralSafety,1993.15(12):277-292.
[24] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Checkingmodelsinstructuraldesign[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,1989,15(6):1309-1324.
[25] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Optimizationofstructuraldesignchecking[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,1989,15(10):2448-2460.
[26] StewartMG,MelchersRE.Errorcontrolinmemberdesign[J].StructuralSafety,1989,11(6):11-24.
[27] NowakAS,CarrRJ.Sensitivityanalysisforstructuralerrors[J].TheJournalofStructuralEngineering,ASCE,1985,11(8):1473-1476.
[28] 徐茂波,刘西拉.钢筋砼梁的人为错误影响分析[J].工程力学,1992,(2):52-58.
[29] OGIngles.Whereshouldwelookforerrorcontrol[A].NowakAS.ModelingHumanErrorinStructuralDesignandConstruction[M].1986.
[30] 奚国泉,蔡军.企业学习型组织发展理论与应用研究[J].南京财经大学学报,2003,(3):27-31.
[31] 孙彦彬,孙青永,司光宇.企业知识管理系统的建立与分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(1):83-85.
[32] 周军,苏新宁,孔敏,李勇,潘有能.知识管理系统下的知识仓库研究———概念与模型[J].情报学报,2002,21(5):542-546.
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