应力波反复作用下断续节理岩体疲劳破坏试验研究
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摘要
试验研究了反复应力波作用下断续节理岩体的疲劳破坏过程和特征,讨论了节理充填性质、节理倾角、侧向静压等因素对岩体动态疲劳破坏的影响。结果表明:疲劳损伤累积过程受节理倾角与应力波传播方向影响,两者夹角越大损伤破坏越不均匀,但强度降低率小;充填介质能在一定程度上削弱应力波的损伤作用,减缓损伤累积进程;损伤累积过程在一定程度上受控于侧压,随着侧压增大损伤累积速率和强度降低速率减缓。
The fatigue failure behaviors of intermittent jointed rock masses subjected to repeated stress waves are investigated on the basis of experiments. In order that failure modes in the experiments can be easily observed,all specimens are made of transparent organic glass plate. A tailor-made exploder is used to offer dynamic loads. For static loading,axial stress is provided by a testing machine,and lateral stress is given by a set of jack. Affecting factors which may influence the dynamic fatigue failure property of rock mass,such as joints angles,stuffing characteristics and lateral pressures,are analyzed. Experimental results indicate that damage accumulation of intermittence rock mass is markedly related to the intersection angle between joints and propagation direction of stress waves,and damage distribution will be more nonuniform with the increase of that angle. When the intersection angles are small,the initiation of wing cracks near the tip of joints and damage accumulation are even correspondingly. But for larger intersection angles,fracture and damage are localized on the side of incident waves. For different stuffing cases,results show that joints stuffed with fillings are more favorable for the propagation of stress waves than that of unfilled;but stuffing may decrease the rate of damage accumulation and increase the fatigue life of rock mass. Also,the rate of damage accumulation is controlled by lateral pressure,which decreases along with the increase of lateral pressure. These experimental results show that the fatigue failure of intermittent jointed rock masses are quite complex.
The fatigue failure behaviors of intermittent jointed rock masses subjected to repeated stress waves are investigated on the basis of experiments. In order that failure modes in the experiments can be easily observed,all specimens are made of transparent organic glass plate. A tailor-made exploder is used to offer dynamic loads. For static loading,axial stress is provided by a testing machine,and lateral stress is given by a set of jack. Affecting factors which may influence the dynamic fatigue failure property of rock mass,such as joints angles,stuffing characteristics and lateral pressures,are analyzed. Experimental results indicate that damage accumulation of intermittence rock mass is markedly related to the intersection angle between joints and propagation direction of stress waves,and damage distribution will be more nonuniform with the increase of that angle. When the intersection angles are small,the initiation of wing cracks near the tip of joints and damage accumulation are even correspondingly. But for larger intersection angles,fracture and damage are localized on the side of incident waves. For different stuffing cases,results show that joints stuffed with fillings are more favorable for the propagation of stress waves than that of unfilled;but stuffing may decrease the rate of damage accumulation and increase the fatigue life of rock mass. Also,the rate of damage accumulation is controlled by lateral pressure,which decreases along with the increase of lateral pressure. These experimental results show that the fatigue failure of intermittent jointed rock masses are quite complex.
引文
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[11]汪远年,李世海.断续节理岩体随机模型三维离散元数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3652–3658.(Wang Yuannian,Li Shihai.Stochastic model and numerical simulation for discontinuous jointed rock mass using3D DEM[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3652–3658.(in Chinese))
[12]黎剑华.爆破地震波作用下的边坡失稳机理与临界振速[J].矿冶,2001,10(1):11–15.(Li Jianhua.Mechanism of rock slope unstability and critical vibration velocity under action of blasting seismic wave[J].Mining and Metallurgy,2001,10(1):11–15.(in Chinese))
[13]李宁,程国栋,谢定义.西部大开发中的岩土力学问题[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):268–272.(Li Ning,Cheng Guodong,Xie Dingyi.Geomechanics development in civil construction in Western China[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):268–272.(in Chinese))
[14]Rossmanith H P.On fracture and damage of concrete and rock[A].In:Proc.Int.Symp.[C].[s.l.]:[s.n.],1995.356–365.
[15]Gerasimova T L,Danilov A V,Kologrivov V N.Model investigations of dynamic effects on large fractures[J].Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh,1992,4:41–46.
[2]Brown E T.Strength of models of rock with intermittent joints[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division,ASCE,1970,96:31–35.
[3]范景伟,何江达.含定向闭合断续节理岩体的强度特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1992,11(2):190–199.(Fan Jingwei,He Jiangda.The strength behavior of rock masss containing oriented and closed intermittent joints[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1992,11(2):190–199.(in Chinese))
[4]白世伟,任伟中,丰定祥,等.平面应力条件下闭合断续节理岩体破坏机理及强度特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(6):635–640.(Bai Shiwei,Ren Weizhong,Feng Dingxiang,et al.Failure mechanism and strength properties of rock mass containing intermittent joints under plane stress condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(6):635–640.(in Chinese))
[5]王成,易志坚.断续节理在II型受载下的弹塑性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(2):153–158.(Wang Cheng,Yi Zhijian.Elastoplastic analysis of intermittent joint with model II load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(2):153–158.(in Chinese))
[6]刘东燕,范景伟.二向应力作用下断续节理岩体的强度特性研究[J].贵州工学院学报,1991,20(4):92–98.(Liu Dongyan,Fan Jingwei.Characteristics of rock mass with bidirectional intermittent cross joints[J].Journal of Guizhou Institute of Technology,1991,20(4):92–98.(in Chinese))
[7]李广平.岩体的压剪损伤机理及其在岩爆分析中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(6):49–55.(Li Guangping.The mechanism of compression-shear damage for rock mass with its application to rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1997,19(6):49–55.(in Chinese))
[8]Horii H,Nemat-Nasser S.Brittle failure in compression:splitting,faulting and brittle-ductile transition[J].Philos.Trans.R.Soc.London Ser.,1986,319:337–374.
[9]周小平,王建华,哈秋舲.压剪应力作用下断续节理岩体的破坏分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(9):1437–1440.(Zhou Xiaoping,Wang Jianhua,Ha Qiuling.Failure analysis of intermittent jointed rocks under compression-shear stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(9):1437–1440.(in Chinese))
[10]任伟中,王庚荪,白世伟,等.共面闭合断续节理岩体的直剪强度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(10):1667–1672.(Ren Weizhong,Wang Gengsun,Bai Shiwei,et al.Strength behavior of rock mass containing coplanar close intermittent joints under direct shear condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(10):1667–1672.(in Chinese))
[11]汪远年,李世海.断续节理岩体随机模型三维离散元数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3652–3658.(Wang Yuannian,Li Shihai.Stochastic model and numerical simulation for discontinuous jointed rock mass using3D DEM[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3652–3658.(in Chinese))
[12]黎剑华.爆破地震波作用下的边坡失稳机理与临界振速[J].矿冶,2001,10(1):11–15.(Li Jianhua.Mechanism of rock slope unstability and critical vibration velocity under action of blasting seismic wave[J].Mining and Metallurgy,2001,10(1):11–15.(in Chinese))
[13]李宁,程国栋,谢定义.西部大开发中的岩土力学问题[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):268–272.(Li Ning,Cheng Guodong,Xie Dingyi.Geomechanics development in civil construction in Western China[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):268–272.(in Chinese))
[14]Rossmanith H P.On fracture and damage of concrete and rock[A].In:Proc.Int.Symp.[C].[s.l.]:[s.n.],1995.356–365.
[15]Gerasimova T L,Danilov A V,Kologrivov V N.Model investigations of dynamic effects on large fractures[J].Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh,1992,4:41–46.
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