直流大地运行时交流系统直流电流分布的预测方法
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摘要
直流输电线路在系统调试或发生故障情况下,会处于单极大地回路电流运行方式。当直流输电系统的大地回流很大时,可能造成部分交流输电系统中的变压器处于偏磁状态。该文提出了分析直流大地运行时交流系统直流电流分布的数值方法。该方法使用矩量法分析复杂大地结构中由直流接地极、交流变电站接地网及其它埋地金属管道构成的多接地系统所产生的地中电流场。同时将电路理论与矩量法相结合,从而将多接地系统与地上交流输电网络联系起来。分析了贵广直流输电线路以大地为回路运行时,直流电流在广东春城变电站周围220kV及以上电网的分布,并与现场测试结果作了比较。
The HVDC transmission system maybe operated in ground return status when the system is in debug or failure. If the ground return current of the HVDC system is large enough, some transformers in AC system may be under DC bias. In this paper, a numerical method is presented to calculate the DC current distribution in AC power system caused by a HVDC system. The method of moments is used to calculate the electric fields in complex earth structure caused by all the grounding systems including the DC grounding electrodes, the AC substation grounding systems, and the long metal pipe lines. The circuit equations are coupled to the moment method to combine the AC transmission lines with the grounding systems. Current distribution of the power system above 220 kV around Chuncheng substation in Guangdong province is analyzed when the Gui-Guang HVDC system is in ground return status. The results are compared with those of testing on site.
The HVDC transmission system maybe operated in ground return status when the system is in debug or failure. If the ground return current of the HVDC system is large enough, some transformers in AC system may be under DC bias. In this paper, a numerical method is presented to calculate the DC current distribution in AC power system caused by a HVDC system. The method of moments is used to calculate the electric fields in complex earth structure caused by all the grounding systems including the DC grounding electrodes, the AC substation grounding systems, and the long metal pipe lines. The circuit equations are coupled to the moment method to combine the AC transmission lines with the grounding systems. Current distribution of the power system above 220 kV around Chuncheng substation in Guangdong province is analyzed when the Gui-Guang HVDC system is in ground return status. The results are compared with those of testing on site.
引文
[1]余建国,晁剑,钱海．天广直流输电工程极1单极运行强迫停运故障原因分析和改进措施[J]。电网技术,2002,26(5):80-83．Yu Jianguo,Chao Jian,Qian Hai.Analysis of forced outages of pole 1 in tian-guang HVDC transmission project under single pole operation and its counter measures[J].Power System Technology.2002,26(5):80-83(in Chinese).
[2]Jose Eduardo Telles Villas,Carlos Medeiros Portela.Calculation of electric field and potential distributions into soil and air media for a ground electrode of a HVDC system[J].IEEE Trans,on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):867-873.
[3]钟连宏,陆培均,仇志成,等．直流接地极电流对中性点直接接地变压器影响[J]．高电压技术,2003,29(8):12—13．Zhong Lianhong,Lu Peijun,Qiu Zhicheng,et al.The influence of current of DC earthing electrode on directly grounded transformer [J].High Voltage Engineering,2003,29(8):12-13(in Chinese).
[4]王明新,张强．直流输电系统接地极电流对交流电网的影响分析[J]．电网技术,2005,29(3):9-14．Wang Mingxin,Zhang Qiang.Analysis on influence of ground electrode current in HVDC on AC power network[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(3):9-14(in Chinese).
[5]Chandrasena W,McLaren P G,Annakkage U D,et al.An Improved low-frequency transformer model for use in GIC studies[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004(19):643-651.
[6]Price P R.Geomagnetically induced current effects on transformers [J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2002(17):1002-1008.
[7]朱艺颖,蒋卫平,曾昭华,等．抑制变压器中性点直流电流侧措施研究[J]．中国电机工程学报,2005,25(13):1-7．Zhu Yiying,Jiang Weiping,ZengZhaohua,et al.Study on measures of restraining DC current through transformer neutrals[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(13):1-7(in Chinese).
[8]Kappenman J G,Norr S R,Sweezy G A,et al.GIC mitigation:a neutral blocking/bypass device to prevent the flow of GIC in power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(3):1271-1281.
[9]Villas J ET ,Portela C M.Soil heating around the ground electrode of an HVDC system by interaction of electrical,thermal,and electroosmotic phenomena[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):874-881.
[10]陈水明,施广德,赵智大．圆环形直流输电接地极电流场分析[J]．高电压技术,1994,20(1):3-7．Chen Shuiming,Shi Guangde,Zhao Zhida.Analysis of current fields near ring-type HVDC ground electrodes[J].High Voltage Engineering,1994,20(1):3-7(in Chinese).
[11]陈水明,施广德,赵智大．直线形直流输电接地极电流场分析们．高电压技术,1994,20(3):8-13．Chen Shuiming,Shi Guangde,Zhao Zhida.Analysis of current fields around linear-type HVDC ground electrodes[J].High Voltage Engineering,1994,20(3):8-13(in Chinese).
[12]张波,崔翔,赵志斌,等．大型变电站接地网的频域分析方法[J]．中国电机工程学报,2002,22(9):59-63．Zhang Bo,Cui Xiang.Zhao Zhibin,et al.Analysis of grounding grids at large scale substations in frequency domain[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(9):59-63(in Chinese).
[13]郭剑,邹军,何金良,等．水平分层土壤中点电流源格林函数的递推算法[J]．中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):101—105．Guo Jian,Zou Jun,He Jinliang,et al.Recursive method to obtain analytic expressions of Green's functions in multi-layer soil by computer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(7):101-105(in Chinese).
[14]滕吉文．固体地球物理学概论[M]．北京:地震出版社,2003．
[2]Jose Eduardo Telles Villas,Carlos Medeiros Portela.Calculation of electric field and potential distributions into soil and air media for a ground electrode of a HVDC system[J].IEEE Trans,on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):867-873.
[3]钟连宏,陆培均,仇志成,等．直流接地极电流对中性点直接接地变压器影响[J]．高电压技术,2003,29(8):12—13．Zhong Lianhong,Lu Peijun,Qiu Zhicheng,et al.The influence of current of DC earthing electrode on directly grounded transformer [J].High Voltage Engineering,2003,29(8):12-13(in Chinese).
[4]王明新,张强．直流输电系统接地极电流对交流电网的影响分析[J]．电网技术,2005,29(3):9-14．Wang Mingxin,Zhang Qiang.Analysis on influence of ground electrode current in HVDC on AC power network[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(3):9-14(in Chinese).
[5]Chandrasena W,McLaren P G,Annakkage U D,et al.An Improved low-frequency transformer model for use in GIC studies[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004(19):643-651.
[6]Price P R.Geomagnetically induced current effects on transformers [J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2002(17):1002-1008.
[7]朱艺颖,蒋卫平,曾昭华,等．抑制变压器中性点直流电流侧措施研究[J]．中国电机工程学报,2005,25(13):1-7．Zhu Yiying,Jiang Weiping,ZengZhaohua,et al.Study on measures of restraining DC current through transformer neutrals[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(13):1-7(in Chinese).
[8]Kappenman J G,Norr S R,Sweezy G A,et al.GIC mitigation:a neutral blocking/bypass device to prevent the flow of GIC in power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(3):1271-1281.
[9]Villas J ET ,Portela C M.Soil heating around the ground electrode of an HVDC system by interaction of electrical,thermal,and electroosmotic phenomena[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):874-881.
[10]陈水明,施广德,赵智大．圆环形直流输电接地极电流场分析[J]．高电压技术,1994,20(1):3-7．Chen Shuiming,Shi Guangde,Zhao Zhida.Analysis of current fields near ring-type HVDC ground electrodes[J].High Voltage Engineering,1994,20(1):3-7(in Chinese).
[11]陈水明,施广德,赵智大．直线形直流输电接地极电流场分析们．高电压技术,1994,20(3):8-13．Chen Shuiming,Shi Guangde,Zhao Zhida.Analysis of current fields around linear-type HVDC ground electrodes[J].High Voltage Engineering,1994,20(3):8-13(in Chinese).
[12]张波,崔翔,赵志斌,等．大型变电站接地网的频域分析方法[J]．中国电机工程学报,2002,22(9):59-63．Zhang Bo,Cui Xiang.Zhao Zhibin,et al.Analysis of grounding grids at large scale substations in frequency domain[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(9):59-63(in Chinese).
[13]郭剑,邹军,何金良,等．水平分层土壤中点电流源格林函数的递推算法[J]．中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):101—105．Guo Jian,Zou Jun,He Jinliang,et al.Recursive method to obtain analytic expressions of Green's functions in multi-layer soil by computer[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(7):101-105(in Chinese).
[14]滕吉文．固体地球物理学概论[M]．北京:地震出版社,2003．
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