互均衡技术及其在时移地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
在开发程度较高的油气田,可以利用时移地震技术对油藏的开采和剩余油分布情况进行预测,提高油田的采收率。时移地震资料(监测数据)与早期地震资料(基础数据)的地球物理参数存在差异,这个差异包含油气藏开采因素(期望差异)和非油气藏因素(非期望差异),因此,需要将时移地震资料上的非期望差异消除,同时不损害期望差异。互均衡技术通过对时移地震信号的时延、能量、带宽和相位等差异进行校正,可以有效地消除非期望差异,在差异剖面上反映出油藏开采信息和剩余油分布信息。在某油田,利用采集时间相隔7年的地震资料,基于时移地震资料非一致性分析,采用互均衡技术进行了时间、振幅、相位和频率等校正,较好地消除了非期望差异,差异剖面反映出现今油藏开采的情况,同时还反映出剩余油的分布特征。
In the oil-gas fields with high exploitation degree,time-lapse seismic technology can be used to predict the exploitation of oil reservoir and the distribution of remaining oil,and to enhance the oil recovery.Time-lapse seismic data(monitoring data) and the early seismic data(basic data) have differences in the geophysical parameters. The differences include reservoir exploitation factors(expected difference) and non-reservoir factors(non-expected difference). Therefore,the non-expected difference in time-lapse seismic data should be removed without damaging the expected difference. Cross-equilibration technique can effectively remove non-expected difference and reflect the reservoir exploitation information and remaining oil distribution information on difference profile.In one oilfield, the seismic data with a 7-year interval in acquisition time was utilized.After the non-uniform analysis for time-lapse seismic data, and cross-equilibration technique was used to correct time,amplitude, phase and frequency,etc.the non-expected difference was effectively removed,and the difference profile reflected the present reservoir exploitation situation as well as the distribution of remaining oil.
In the oil-gas fields with high exploitation degree,time-lapse seismic technology can be used to predict the exploitation of oil reservoir and the distribution of remaining oil,and to enhance the oil recovery.Time-lapse seismic data(monitoring data) and the early seismic data(basic data) have differences in the geophysical parameters. The differences include reservoir exploitation factors(expected difference) and non-reservoir factors(non-expected difference). Therefore,the non-expected difference in time-lapse seismic data should be removed without damaging the expected difference. Cross-equilibration technique can effectively remove non-expected difference and reflect the reservoir exploitation information and remaining oil distribution information on difference profile.In one oilfield, the seismic data with a 7-year interval in acquisition time was utilized.After the non-uniform analysis for time-lapse seismic data, and cross-equilibration technique was used to correct time,amplitude, phase and frequency,etc.the non-expected difference was effectively removed,and the difference profile reflected the present reservoir exploitation situation as well as the distribution of remaining oil.
引文
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10 Ross C P.Inside the cross-equalization black box[J]. The Leading Edge,1996,15(11):1233-1240
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12李蓉,胡天跃.时移地震资料处理中的互均衡技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):424-427
13庄东海.四维地震资料处理及其关键[J].地球物理学进展,1999,14(2):33-43
14胡英,刘宇,甘利灯,等.水驱四维地震技术——叠前互均衡化处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(1):49- 53
15陈祖传.四维地震在油藏开发与生产中的应用及其发展趋势[J].西北油气勘探,1999,11(3):40-47
16于世焕,赵殿栋,张振宇,等.C20块蒸汽驱试验区的地震监测方法[J].石油物探,2000,39(1):1-9
17张国才,李清仁,朱丽波,等.时延地震方法初探[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):269-273
2秦绪英,朱海龙.时移地震技术及应用现状分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(3):219-225
3 Hawkins k,Conroy G,Harris P.Estimation of production induced stress from 4D finite offset time shifts [J].Expanded Abstracts of 76~(th) Annual Internat SEG ??Mtg,2006,1615-1619
4 Floricich M,MacBeth C,Evans A,et al.Determination of a seismic and engineering consistent petro-elastic model for time-lapse seismic studies:application to the Schiehallion Field[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2006,3205-3209
5 Janssen A L,Smith B A.Measuring velocity sensitivity to production induced strain at the Ekofisk Field using time-lapse time-shifts and compaction logs[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 2006,3 200-3 204
6陈小宏,赵伟,马继涛,等.时移地震非线性反演压力与饱和度变化研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3): 830-836
7陈小宏,牟永光.四维地震油藏监测及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(6):707-715
8金龙,陈小宏.时移地震互均衡法混合因素处理技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(4):400-406
9 Lumley D E.Time-lapse seismic is reservoir monitoring [J].Geophysics,2001,66(1):50-53
10 Ross C P.Inside the cross-equalization black box[J]. The Leading Edge,1996,15(11):1233-1240
11陈小宏.四维地震数据的归一化方法及实例处理[J].石油学报,1999,20(3):22-26
12李蓉,胡天跃.时移地震资料处理中的互均衡技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):424-427
13庄东海.四维地震资料处理及其关键[J].地球物理学进展,1999,14(2):33-43
14胡英,刘宇,甘利灯,等.水驱四维地震技术——叠前互均衡化处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(1):49- 53
15陈祖传.四维地震在油藏开发与生产中的应用及其发展趋势[J].西北油气勘探,1999,11(3):40-47
16于世焕,赵殿栋,张振宇,等.C20块蒸汽驱试验区的地震监测方法[J].石油物探,2000,39(1):1-9
17张国才,李清仁,朱丽波,等.时延地震方法初探[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):269-273
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