基于盆地模拟技术的潮汕坳陷油气勘探前景预测
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摘要
潮汕坳陷是以中生界为目标的新的油气勘探领域,其地层时代、产状、岩性以及构造特征等都与珠江口盆地其他坳陷差别很大。鉴于该坳陷内尚无探井,该文充分利用地震资料,结合区域研究成果合理选择参数,利用Basin2盆地模拟软件,对该坳陷沉积充填史、温压场演化史和有机质演化史进行了正演模拟,模拟结果显示坳陷内中生界白垩系经历的二次成烃作用提供了主要烃源,而且由于新生代的构造运动,形成了良好的构造圈闭,因此该含油气系统生储盖的时空配置有利于在晚白垩世地层中形成自生自储或下生上储的岩性圈闭和构造圈闭油气藏,应作为该坳陷油气勘探的主要目的层。
The Mesozoic of Chaoshan depression is a new area for hydrocarbon exploration, and the times, attitude, lithology of its strata and tectonic characteristics are different from those of other depressions in the Pearl River Mouth basin. In view of no wells in this depression, the authors, according to predecessor's studies, simulated the history of sediments filling depression, evolution of temperature and pressure, and the evolution of organic matters by making full use of seismic data and choosing the involved parameters. To the whole course of simulation, the software Basin2 has been applied. The results show that the hydrocarbon re-generation of K_(1) strata offers most hydrocarbon sources, and because some good tectonic traps were formed by Cenozoic tectogenesis, the petroleum system K_(1)-K_(1) would make hydrocarbon accumulate in lithologic and/or tectonic reservoirs. Hence, this petroleum system should be recognized as the most important target for hydrocarbon exploration.
The Mesozoic of Chaoshan depression is a new area for hydrocarbon exploration, and the times, attitude, lithology of its strata and tectonic characteristics are different from those of other depressions in the Pearl River Mouth basin. In view of no wells in this depression, the authors, according to predecessor's studies, simulated the history of sediments filling depression, evolution of temperature and pressure, and the evolution of organic matters by making full use of seismic data and choosing the involved parameters. To the whole course of simulation, the software Basin2 has been applied. The results show that the hydrocarbon re-generation of K_(1) strata offers most hydrocarbon sources, and because some good tectonic traps were formed by Cenozoic tectogenesis, the petroleum system K_(1)-K_(1) would make hydrocarbon accumulate in lithologic and/or tectonic reservoirs. Hence, this petroleum system should be recognized as the most important target for hydrocarbon exploration.
引文
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[2] 龚再生,李思田,谢泰俊,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集[M].北京:科学出版社,1997.
[3] 夏戡原,黄慈流.南海中生代特堤斯期沉积盆地的发现与找寻中生代含油气盆地的前景[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):227—238.
[4] 颜家新,周 蒂.南海北部陆缘区中特提斯构造演化研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2001,21(4):49—54.
[5] 黄梅英,李舫尧,李平鲁.珠江口盆地前—早第三纪洼陷特征及油气前景[J].中国海上油气(地质),1993,7(3):7—9.
[6] 王国纯.台湾海峡地质构造特征及油气探讨[J].石油学报,1993,14(3):10—18.
[7] 朱伟林,王国纯.中国近海前新生代油气勘探新领域探索[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):215—226.
[8] 苏乃容,曾 麟,李平鲁.珠江口盆地东部中生代凹陷地质[J].中国海上油气(地质),1995,9(4):228—236.
[9] 姚伯初,曾维军,陈艺中,等.南海北部陆缘东部中生代的地震反射特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(1):81—89.
[10] 王家林,张新兵,吴健生,等.珠江口盆地基底结构的综合地球物理研究[J\〗.热带海洋学报,2002,21(2):13—22.
[11] 郝沪军,林鹤鸣,杨梦雄,等.湖汕坳陷中生界———油气勘探的新领域[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,15(3):157—163.
[12] 王 平,夏戡原,黄慈流.南海东北部中生代海相地层的分布及其地质地球物理特征[J].热带海洋,2000,19(4):28—35.
[13] 周 蒂.台西南盆地和北港隆起的中生界及其沉积环境[J].热带海洋学报,2002,21(2):50—57.
[14] YahiN,SchaeferRR,LittkeR.PetroleumgenerationandaccumulationintheBerkineBasin,easternAlgeria[J].AAPGBulletin,2001,85(8):1439—1467.
[15] TothJ,AlmasiI.Interpretationofobservedfluidpotentialpatternsinadeepsedimentarybasinundertectoniccompression,HungarianGreatPlain,PannonianBasin[J].Geofluids,2001,(1):11—36.
[16] WANGPZ.NumericalmodelingofheatflowintheArkomaBasin[J].AAPGBulletin,1997,81(10):1783.
[17] PilottiM,BacchiB.Distributedevaluationofthecontributionofsoilerosiontothesedimentaryyieldfromawatershed[J].EarthSurfaceProcessesandLandforms,1997,22(13):1239—1251.
[18] 杜德莉.台西南盆地的构造演化与油气藏组合分析[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1994,14(3):5—18.
[19] ChiYueHuang,KanyuanXia,PeterB,etal.StructuralevolutionfromPaleogeneextensiontolatestMiocene Recentarc continentcollosionoffshoreTaiwan:comparisonwithonlandgeology[J].JournalofAsiaEarthSciences,2001,19:619—639.
[20] 秦 勇.沉积有机质二次生烃理论及其应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.
[21] 杨少坤,林鹤鸣,郝沪军.珠江口盆地东部中生界海相油气勘探前景[J].石油学报,2002,23(5):28—33.
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