细粒含量对尾矿材料液化特性的影响
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摘要
为了模拟沉积分选后颗粒组成的变化对尾矿材料的动力特性的影响,尾矿筛分后按不同的细粒(颗粒直径小于0.074 mm)含量制备尾矿试样,并进行了大量的土动力学试验。分析了细颗粒含量对尾矿材料的动力液化特性的影响规律。研究表明,对于铜矿类尾矿坝的尾矿材料,当细颗粒含量占到总量的35%时其抗液化性能最佳。根据尾矿材料动力特性试验的研究结果,并结合现场的标准贯入试验成果,提出了适用于尾矿材料的细粒含量对标准贯入击数的修正式。该式可以分析不同细粒含量的尾矿材料的抗液化强度,提高尾矿坝液化判别方法的判别准确程度。
In order to simulate the fines content effect on the liquefaction properties of tailings,the tailings were sieved and then were mixed according to different fines contents to prepare samples.Based on a lot of dynamic tests of these tailings samples,the effect of fines(d < 0.074 mm) content on the dynamic liquefaction of tailings was analyzed in detail.The study result has shown that when the fines content is about 35 %,the liquefaction resistance of tailings is the best.Based on the dynamic experiments and lots of standard penetration tests in situ,a modified formula is presented to take the effect of fines content on liquefaction properties into account.The modified formula can analyze the effect of fines content on the liquefaction resistance of tailings material.Consequently,the modified formula can evaluate liquefaction strength of tailings material more accurately.
In order to simulate the fines content effect on the liquefaction properties of tailings,the tailings were sieved and then were mixed according to different fines contents to prepare samples.Based on a lot of dynamic tests of these tailings samples,the effect of fines(d < 0.074 mm) content on the dynamic liquefaction of tailings was analyzed in detail.The study result has shown that when the fines content is about 35 %,the liquefaction resistance of tailings is the best.Based on the dynamic experiments and lots of standard penetration tests in situ,a modified formula is presented to take the effect of fines content on liquefaction properties into account.The modified formula can analyze the effect of fines content on the liquefaction resistance of tailings material.Consequently,the modified formula can evaluate liquefaction strength of tailings material more accurately.
引文
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[10]SL237-1999,土工试验规程[S].
[11]衡朝阳,何满潮,裘以惠.含黏粒砂土抗液化性能的试验研究[J].工程地质学报,2001,9(4):339-344.HENG Chao-yang,HE Man-chao,QIU Yi-hui.Experi-mental study of liquefaction-resistant characteristics of clayey sand[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2001,9(4):339-344.
[12]Tzou-Shin Ueng,Chia-Wen Sun,Chieh-Wen Chen.Definition of fines and liquefaction resistance of Maoluo River soil[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Enginee-ring,2004,(24):745-750.
[13]阮元成,郭新.饱和尾矿料静、动强度特性的试验研究[J].水利学报,2004,(1):67-73.RUAN Yuan-cheng,GUO Xin.Experimental study on static and dynamic strength properties of saturated tailings material[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004,(1):67-73.
[14]刘艳华,尹兴科,席满惠.黏粒和黏土矿物对砂土液化影响的探讨[J].勘察科学技术,2004,(3):6-9.LIU Yan-hua,YIN Xing-ke,XI Man-hui.Effect on sandy soil liquefaction by clay particle and clay mineral[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2004,(3):6-9.
[15]GB50011-2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].
[16]Seed H B,Idriss I M.Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1971,(SM9):1 249-1 273.(3)
[2]Finn W D L,Byrne P M.Liquefaction potential of mine tailing dams[A].Proceedings of the 12th International Congress on Large Dams[C].Mexico City:ICOLD,1976.
[3]Finn W D L.Seismic stability of tailings dams[A].Proceedings of International Symposium on Safety and Rehabilitation of Talings Dams[C].Australia,1990.
[4]Vick S G.Risk based approach to seismic stability and inundation hazard for upstream tailings dams[A].Proceedings of International Symposium on Safety and Rehabilitation of Tailings Dams[C].Australia:ICOLD,1990.
[5]王凤江.上游法高尾矿坝的抗震问题[J].冶金矿山设计与建设,2001,(5):10-13.WANG Feng-jiang.Anti-seismic problem of high tailing dam constructed with upstream method[J].Metal Mine Design and Construction,2001,(5):10-13.
[6]vercueil D,Billet P,Cordary D.Study of the liquefaction resistance of a saturated sand reinforced with geosyn-thetics[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1997,(16):417-425.
[7]阎金安,王武林.尾矿砂的动力特性研究[J].岩土力学.1990,(4):69-74.YAN Jin-an,WANG Wu-ling.Study on dynamic properties of tailings sands[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1990,(4):69-74.
[8]高艳平,王余庆,辛鸿博.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(16)——大石河尾矿坝地震液化的二维简化判别[J].工业建筑,1995,(10):43-46.GAO Yan-ping,WANG Yu-qing,XIN Hong-bo.Earthquake safety of Chinese tailings dams(16)—the simplified liquefaction evaluation for Dashihe tailings sands[J].Industrial Construction,1995,(10):43-46.
[9]阮元成,郭新.饱和尾矿料动力变形特性的试验研究[J].水利学报,2003,(4):24-29.RUAN Yuan-cheng,GUO Xin.Experimental study on dynamic deformation properties of saturated tailings material[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,(4):24-29.
[10]SL237-1999,土工试验规程[S].
[11]衡朝阳,何满潮,裘以惠.含黏粒砂土抗液化性能的试验研究[J].工程地质学报,2001,9(4):339-344.HENG Chao-yang,HE Man-chao,QIU Yi-hui.Experi-mental study of liquefaction-resistant characteristics of clayey sand[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2001,9(4):339-344.
[12]Tzou-Shin Ueng,Chia-Wen Sun,Chieh-Wen Chen.Definition of fines and liquefaction resistance of Maoluo River soil[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Enginee-ring,2004,(24):745-750.
[13]阮元成,郭新.饱和尾矿料静、动强度特性的试验研究[J].水利学报,2004,(1):67-73.RUAN Yuan-cheng,GUO Xin.Experimental study on static and dynamic strength properties of saturated tailings material[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004,(1):67-73.
[14]刘艳华,尹兴科,席满惠.黏粒和黏土矿物对砂土液化影响的探讨[J].勘察科学技术,2004,(3):6-9.LIU Yan-hua,YIN Xing-ke,XI Man-hui.Effect on sandy soil liquefaction by clay particle and clay mineral[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2004,(3):6-9.
[15]GB50011-2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].
[16]Seed H B,Idriss I M.Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1971,(SM9):1 249-1 273.(3)
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