基于景观格局变化的粤港澳大湾区生态系统服务变化研究
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摘要
粤港澳大湾区作为我国未来经济发展的引领极,城镇化进程对其景观格局产生了显著的影响,从而影响到生态系统服务功能的变化.因此,探究该区域景观格局变化与生态系统服务变化的关系,对区域生态、经济、社会可持续发展具有重要意义.基于Fragstats 4.2软件与InVEST模型,探讨粤港澳大湾区2000-2015年间的景观格局(类型水平:斑块密度(PD)、最大斑块指数(LPI)、最短欧式距离(ENN_MN),景观水平:香农多样性指数(SHDI)、蔓延度指数(CONTAG)、斑块密度(PD)、聚合度指数(AI))和生态系统服务(碳储量、土壤保持、生境质量)变化,并进行景观指数与生态系统服务相关性分析.结果表明:2000-2015年粤港澳大湾区景观格局发生了显著变化,破碎化程度加深,景观的空间异质性不断增强;受景观格局变化的影响,2000-2015年粤港澳大湾区的碳储量呈上升趋势,而土壤保持能力与生境质量则呈下降趋势,各生态系统服务在空间上存在异质性;林地、耕地与建设用地的变化对粤港澳大湾区的整体景观格局及生态系统服务影响较大,故适当优化3种景观之间的用地结构是区域生态保护及经济发展可持续发展的关键.
As the leading pole of China's future economic development, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area's urbanization process has had a significant impact on its landscape pattern, which has affected the changes in ecosystem services. Therefore, studying the landscape pattern change of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and its impact on the changes of ecosystem services is of great significance to its ecological, economic and social sustainable development. Based on Fragstats 4.2 software and InVEST model, this paper discussed the landscape pattern and ecosystem service changes in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2000 to 2015, and analyzed the correlation between landscape index(PD, LPI, ENN_MN, SHDI, CONTAG, AI)and ecosystem services(carbon storage,soil retention,habitat quality). The results show that the landscape pattern of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has undergone significant changes from 2000 to 2015, and the fragmentation has intensified,and the spatial heterogeneity of the landscape has been continuously enhanced. Affected by changes in landscape patterns, carbon stocks in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area showed an upward trend from 2000 to 2015, while soil retention capacity and habitat quality showed a downward trend, and various ecosystem services were heterogeneous in space. The changes of woodland, cropland and built-up land have great influence on the landscape pattern and ecosystem services of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Therefore, optimizing the land use structure between three landscapes is the key to the sustainable development of regional ecological protection and economic development.
As the leading pole of China's future economic development, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area's urbanization process has had a significant impact on its landscape pattern, which has affected the changes in ecosystem services. Therefore, studying the landscape pattern change of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and its impact on the changes of ecosystem services is of great significance to its ecological, economic and social sustainable development. Based on Fragstats 4.2 software and InVEST model, this paper discussed the landscape pattern and ecosystem service changes in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2000 to 2015, and analyzed the correlation between landscape index(PD, LPI, ENN_MN, SHDI, CONTAG, AI)and ecosystem services(carbon storage,soil retention,habitat quality). The results show that the landscape pattern of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has undergone significant changes from 2000 to 2015, and the fragmentation has intensified,and the spatial heterogeneity of the landscape has been continuously enhanced. Affected by changes in landscape patterns, carbon stocks in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area showed an upward trend from 2000 to 2015, while soil retention capacity and habitat quality showed a downward trend, and various ecosystem services were heterogeneous in space. The changes of woodland, cropland and built-up land have great influence on the landscape pattern and ecosystem services of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Therefore, optimizing the land use structure between three landscapes is the key to the sustainable development of regional ecological protection and economic development.
引文
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[5] 刘绿怡,卞子亓,丁圣彦.景观空间异质性对生态系统服务形成与供给的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(18):6412-6421.
[6] 王玉明.粤港澳大湾区环境治理合作的回顾与展望[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,20(1):117-126.
[7] 唐尧,祝炜平,张慧,等.InVEST模型原理及其应用研究进展[J].生态科学,2015,34(3):204-208.
[8] 王丽群,张志强,李格,等.北京边缘地区景观格局变化及对生态系统服务的影响评价——以牛栏山-马坡镇为例[J].生态学报,2018,38(3):750-759.
[9] 周春山,邓鸿鹄,史晨怡.粤港澳大湾区协同发展特征及机制[J].规划师,2018,34(4):5-12.
[10] 周春山,罗利佳,史晨怡,等.粤港澳大湾区经济发展时空演变特征及其影响因素[J].热带地理,2017,37(6):802-813.
[2] Costanza R,D'Arge R,Groot R D,et al.The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital[J].World Environment,1997,387(1):3-15.
[3] Daily G C.Nature's services:Societal dependence on natural ecosystems[J].Pacific Conservation Biology,1997,6(2):220-221.
[4] 吕一河,陈利顶,傅伯杰.景观格局与生态过程的耦合途径分析[J].地理科学进展,2007(3):1-10.
[5] 刘绿怡,卞子亓,丁圣彦.景观空间异质性对生态系统服务形成与供给的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(18):6412-6421.
[6] 王玉明.粤港澳大湾区环境治理合作的回顾与展望[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,20(1):117-126.
[7] 唐尧,祝炜平,张慧,等.InVEST模型原理及其应用研究进展[J].生态科学,2015,34(3):204-208.
[8] 王丽群,张志强,李格,等.北京边缘地区景观格局变化及对生态系统服务的影响评价——以牛栏山-马坡镇为例[J].生态学报,2018,38(3):750-759.
[9] 周春山,邓鸿鹄,史晨怡.粤港澳大湾区协同发展特征及机制[J].规划师,2018,34(4):5-12.
[10] 周春山,罗利佳,史晨怡,等.粤港澳大湾区经济发展时空演变特征及其影响因素[J].热带地理,2017,37(6):802-813.
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