关于风化壳岩溶型白云岩储层的两个问题思考
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摘要
针对风化壳岩溶型白云岩储层,分析了"白云石化模式"和"岩溶古地貌"这两个关键问题的研究现状、存在问题、改进建议。研究结果表明:白云石化模式主要有7类,c(Mg~(2+))/c(Ca~(2+))和流体动力学条件是制约白云石化作用的两个重要因素,热液成因模式与埋藏成因模式容易混淆,微生物白云石化模式易于忽略,7种模式的应用都存在一定的环境局限性;岩溶古地貌恢复的方法主要为残厚法、印模法、回剥法、沉积学方法、层序地层法、地球物理法等,但关于古地貌仍然存在定量研究缺乏、恢复结果互相矛盾等问题,准确恢复与精细刻画是古地貌研究的重点。未来的发展方向主要是从"理论研究"转向"应用研究"、从"定性描述"转向"定量描述"、从"宏观预测"转向"微观剖析"。
In view of weathering crust karst dolomite reservoir, this paper analyzed the research status, existing problems and improvement suggestions of the two key problems "dolomitization model" and "karst paleogeomorphology". The results show that there are 7 types of dolomitization models. The concentration ratio of c(Mg~(2+))/c(Ca~(2+)) and hydrodynamic conditions are two important factors restricting dolomitization. The hydrothermal genetic model is easily confused with the buried genetic model, the microbial dolomitization model is easily neglected, and the application of the 7 models has certain environmental limitations. The methods of karst paleogeomorphology restoration are mainly residual thickness method, impression method, stripping method, sedimentology method, sequence stratigraphy method, geophysical method, etc. However, there are still some problems about paleogeomorphology, such as lack of quantitative research and contradictory restoration results. Accurate restoration and fine characterization are the focus of paleogeomorphology research. The future development direction is mainly from "theoretical research" to "applied research", "qualitative description" to "quantitative description", and "macro prediction" to "micro analysis".
In view of weathering crust karst dolomite reservoir, this paper analyzed the research status, existing problems and improvement suggestions of the two key problems "dolomitization model" and "karst paleogeomorphology". The results show that there are 7 types of dolomitization models. The concentration ratio of c(Mg~(2+))/c(Ca~(2+)) and hydrodynamic conditions are two important factors restricting dolomitization. The hydrothermal genetic model is easily confused with the buried genetic model, the microbial dolomitization model is easily neglected, and the application of the 7 models has certain environmental limitations. The methods of karst paleogeomorphology restoration are mainly residual thickness method, impression method, stripping method, sedimentology method, sequence stratigraphy method, geophysical method, etc. However, there are still some problems about paleogeomorphology, such as lack of quantitative research and contradictory restoration results. Accurate restoration and fine characterization are the focus of paleogeomorphology research. The future development direction is mainly from "theoretical research" to "applied research", "qualitative description" to "quantitative description", and "macro prediction" to "micro analysis".
引文
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[3] 赵文智,沈安江,郑剑锋,等.塔里木、四川及鄂尔多斯盆地白云岩储层孔隙成因探讨及对储层预测的指导意义[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014(9):1925-1939.
[4] ZENGLER D H,DUNHAM J D,ETHINGTON R L.Concepts and models of dolomitization[M].New York:Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists,1980:9-10.
[5] 张学丰,胡文瑄,张军涛.白云岩成因相关问题及主要形成模式[J].地质科技情报,2006,25(5):32-40.
[6] 赫云兰,刘波,秦善.白云石化机理与白云岩成因问题研究[J].北京大学学报网络版:预印本,2010,46(6):1010-1020.
[7] 李波,颜佳新,刘喜停,等.白云岩有机成因模式:机制、进展与意义[J].古地理学报,2010,12(6):699-710.
[8] DEELMAN J C.Low-temperature nucleation of magnesite and dolomite[J].Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie- Monatshefte,1999,7(7):289-302.
[9] 赵文智,沈安江,乔占峰,等.白云岩成因类型、识别特征及储集空间成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(4):1-13.
[10] 韩林.白云岩成因分类的研究现状及相关发展趋势[J].中国西部油气地质,2006(4):50-56.
[11] 郝石生,贾振远.碳酸盐岩油气形成和分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989:25-27.
[12] ADAMS J E,RHODES M L.Dolomitization by Seepage Refluxion[J].AAPG Bulletin,1960,44(12):1912-1920.
[13] BADIOZAMANI K.The Dorag dolomitization model- application to the middle Ordovician of Wisconsin[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1973,43(4):965-984.
[14] 王少飞,吉利明.陕甘宁盆地定边地区奥陶系巨厚白云岩体的成因分析[J].天然气地球科学,1996,7(3):14-22.
[15] 刘丽红,杜小弟,徐守礼,等.四川盆地中南部寒武系白云岩特征及形成机制[J].吉林大学学报(地),2017,47(3):775-784.
[16] LAND L S.The origin of massive dolomite[J].Journal of Geological Education,1985,33(2):112-125.
[17] WIERZBICKI R,DRAVOS J J,ALAASM I,et al.Burial dolomitization and dissolution of Upper Jurassic Abenaki platform carbonates,Deep Panuke reservoir,Nova Scotia,Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1843-1861.
[18] DAVIES G R,JR L B S.Structurally controlled hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies:An overview[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1641-1690.
[19] JR L B S.Origin and reservoir characteristics of Upper Ordovician Trenton–Black River hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs in New York[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1691-1718.
[20] COMPTON J S.Degree of supersaturation and precipitation of organogenic dolomite[J].Geology (United States),1988,16(4):318-321.
[21] VASCONCELOS C,JUDITH A.MCKENZIE B S,et al.Microbial mediation as a possible mechanism for natural dolomite,formation at low temperatures[J].Nature,1995,377(6546):220-222.
[22] WRIGHT D T.The role of sulphate-reducing bacteria and cyanobacteria in dolomite formation in distal ephemeral lakes of the Coorong region,South Australia[J].Sedimentary Geology,1999,126(1–4):147-157.
[23] WARTHMANN R,VAN L Y,VASCONCELOS C,et al.Bacterially induced dolomite precipitation in anoxic culture experiments[J].Geology,2000,28(2000):1091.
[24] ROBERTS J A,BENNETT P C,GONZALEZ L A,et al.Microbial precipitation of dolomite in methanogenic groundwater[J].Geology,2004,34(4):277-280.
[25] SANCHEZROMAN M,VASCONCELOS C,SCHMID T,et al.Aerobic microbial dolomite at the nanometer scale:Implications for the geologic record[J].Geology,2008,36(11):879-882.
[26] KENWARD P A,GOLDSTEIN R H,GONZALEZ L A,et al.Precipitation of low-temperature dolomite from an anaerobic microbial consortium:the role of methanogenic Archaea[J].Geobiology,2009,7(5):556.
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