海洋光合细菌筛选及其对养殖水体修复效果的测定
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摘要
集约化投饵型养殖会导致养殖区域底部环境持续恶化,限制了水产养殖的可持续发展。对采自威海金海滩排污口附近污泥中的海洋光合细菌进行了富集、分离和初步鉴定,模拟自然养殖环境,选取优势菌株进行池塘底泥处理试验(上层水体,下层底泥),分析比较两株菌对底泥的改良效果;试验共获得两株优势光合细菌PSB1和PSB2,分属于红假单胞菌属(Rhodopseudomonas)和小红卵菌属(Rhodovulum)。底泥处理试验结果显示:PSB1和PSB2都可以稳定水体pH,降解水中的硫化物、氨氮和化学耗氧量(COD_(Mn))。PSB1处理底泥最佳效果为:添加1‰的PSB1,水体中pH在6.98～7.33,底泥中COD_(Mn)、硫化物、氨氮和NO~-_2-N降解率分别为92.91%、79.61%、97.00%和73.56%。研究表明,光合细菌可以促进改善水质、维持下层水体的良好水质,在水产养殖中具有良好的应用前景。
Intensive bait farming can lead to a continuous deterioration of the environment at the bottom of the farming area,which limits the sustainable development of aquaculture.In this study,the marine photosynthetic bacteria collected from the sludge near the sewage outlet of Weihai Golden Beach were enriched,separated and preliminarily identified.Under the simulated natural aquaculture environment,the dominant strains were selected for the pond sediment treatment test(upper water body,lower sediment).The improvement effect of the two strains on the sediment was analyzed and compared.Two dominant photosynthetic bacteria PSB1 and PSB2 respectively belonging to Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodobacter were obtained.The sediment treatment test results show that both PSB1 and PSB2 can stabilize the water pH and degrade the sulfide,ammonia nitrogen and COD_(Mn) in the water.PSB1 has the best effect in treatment of sediment when:1‰ of PSB1 is added,the pH in water is 6.98-7.33,and the degradation rates of COD_(Mn),sulfide,ammonia nitrogen and NO~-_2-N in the sediment are respectively 92.91%,79.61%,97.00% and 73.56%.The results show that photosynthetic bacteria can promote the improvement of water quality and maintain the good quality of lower water body,and has a good application prospect in aquaculture.
Intensive bait farming can lead to a continuous deterioration of the environment at the bottom of the farming area,which limits the sustainable development of aquaculture.In this study,the marine photosynthetic bacteria collected from the sludge near the sewage outlet of Weihai Golden Beach were enriched,separated and preliminarily identified.Under the simulated natural aquaculture environment,the dominant strains were selected for the pond sediment treatment test(upper water body,lower sediment).The improvement effect of the two strains on the sediment was analyzed and compared.Two dominant photosynthetic bacteria PSB1 and PSB2 respectively belonging to Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodobacter were obtained.The sediment treatment test results show that both PSB1 and PSB2 can stabilize the water pH and degrade the sulfide,ammonia nitrogen and COD_(Mn) in the water.PSB1 has the best effect in treatment of sediment when:1‰ of PSB1 is added,the pH in water is 6.98-7.33,and the degradation rates of COD_(Mn),sulfide,ammonia nitrogen and NO~-_2-N in the sediment are respectively 92.91%,79.61%,97.00% and 73.56%.The results show that photosynthetic bacteria can promote the improvement of water quality and maintain the good quality of lower water body,and has a good application prospect in aquaculture.
引文
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[13]王梦亮,马瑞清,罗生康.光合细菌对鲤养殖水体生态系统的影响[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(1):98-101.
[14]袁盈波,潘志崇,张德民.一株光合细菌的分离及其硫化物的处理效果[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2010,23(2):1-5.
[15]杨绍斌.复合光合细菌对鱼塘水氨态氮H2S的去除效应[J].环境科学与技术,2005,28(4):25-26.
[16]董艳珍,亓东明.一株光合细菌的净水能力分析[J].西昌学院学报(自然科学版),2013,27(03):13-15.
[17]黄雪娇,杨冲,倪九派,等.1株高效去除氨氮的红假单胞菌的分离鉴定及特性[J].环境科学,2016,37(6):2276-2283.
[18]NAGADOMI H,HIROMITSU T,TAKENO K,et al.Treatment of aquarium water by denitrifying photosynthetic bacteria using immobilized polyvinyl alcohol beads[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,1999,87(2):189-193.
[19]SHEN J W,HIRAYAM O.Hydrogen photoproduction and denitrification by photosynthetic bacteria isolated from lake nakaumi and its vicinity[J].Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering,1991,72(5):338-3421.
[20]王蕊,汪攀,王凡,等.高效降解亚硝酸盐光合细菌的选育及生产模式探究[J].水产科技情报,2015,42(3):142-145.
[21]高艳侠,刘变枝,董小林,等.一株光合细菌对养殖水体净化效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2019,46(2):91-95.
[2] 吴代赦,熊卿,杜俊逸.水产养殖对水体富营养化影响[J].江西科学,2009,27(4):617-622.
[3] ANTONY S P,PHILIP R.Bioremediation in Shrimp Culture Systems[J].World Fish Center Q,2006,29 (3/4):62-66.
[4] KORNOCHALERT N,KANTACHOTE D,CHAIPRAPAT S,et al.Use of Rhodopseudomonas palustris P1 Stimulated Growth by Fermented Pineapple Extract to Treat Latex Rubber Sheet Wastewater to Obtain Single Cell Protein[J].Annals of Microbiology,2014,64(3):1021-1032.
[5] 黎建斌,何为,李大列,等.高活性荚膜红假单胞菌分离鉴定及应用[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(4):540-543.
[6] 付保荣,曹向宇,冷阳,等.光合细菌对水产养殖水质和水生生物的影响[J].生态科学,2008,27(2):102-106.
[7] 张维柱,朱萍,殷培峰.光合细菌在斑点叉尾鮰鱼苗培育过程中的应用效果[J].滁州学院学报,2008(3):72-75.
[8] 王有志,王凤君,鲍利,等.光合细菌处理中药废水的试验研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2005(5):39-43.
[9] 谢红刚,王三反,褚润.光合细菌对啤酒废水处理的研究[J].工业用水与废水,2006(5):38-40.
[10]王冰,白萱,王嘉丽,等.光合细菌对模拟海水养殖废水COD的去除能力研究[J].大连民族大学学报,2018,20(3):198-200,209.
[11]易力,汪洋,陈万光,等.固定化浓缩光合细菌对养殖水环境的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2011,39(6):152-154.
[12]任南琪,王爱杰,李建政,等.硫化物氧化及新工艺[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(3):265-268.
[13]王梦亮,马瑞清,罗生康.光合细菌对鲤养殖水体生态系统的影响[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(1):98-101.
[14]袁盈波,潘志崇,张德民.一株光合细菌的分离及其硫化物的处理效果[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2010,23(2):1-5.
[15]杨绍斌.复合光合细菌对鱼塘水氨态氮H2S的去除效应[J].环境科学与技术,2005,28(4):25-26.
[16]董艳珍,亓东明.一株光合细菌的净水能力分析[J].西昌学院学报(自然科学版),2013,27(03):13-15.
[17]黄雪娇,杨冲,倪九派,等.1株高效去除氨氮的红假单胞菌的分离鉴定及特性[J].环境科学,2016,37(6):2276-2283.
[18]NAGADOMI H,HIROMITSU T,TAKENO K,et al.Treatment of aquarium water by denitrifying photosynthetic bacteria using immobilized polyvinyl alcohol beads[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,1999,87(2):189-193.
[19]SHEN J W,HIRAYAM O.Hydrogen photoproduction and denitrification by photosynthetic bacteria isolated from lake nakaumi and its vicinity[J].Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering,1991,72(5):338-3421.
[20]王蕊,汪攀,王凡,等.高效降解亚硝酸盐光合细菌的选育及生产模式探究[J].水产科技情报,2015,42(3):142-145.
[21]高艳侠,刘变枝,董小林,等.一株光合细菌对养殖水体净化效果的研究[J].水产科技情报,2019,46(2):91-95.
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